Engineers help improve lives globally
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Engineers are being called upon to address basic needs like food, water, and sanitation through affordable, appropriate solutions. Engineering for Change (E4C) aims to connect engineers virtually to work on these issues. E4C's online platform provides content, connects communities, and enables collaboration around technological solutions. It features topics pages, a solutions library, member profiles, and workspaces for crowdsourcing challenges. E4C seeks to grow its partnerships, content, and programs to better support engineers in improving lives worldwide through appropriate technology development.
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Engineers help improve lives globally
- 1. the engineer and the global humanitarian
- 2. The Need Engineers are being called upon to devise cost-effective, appropriate solutions to increase access to food and clean water, effective sanitation, energy, housing, and other basic needs.
- 3. The Engineering Toolbox Engineering students and professionals are driven by:
- 5. The Gaps
- 6. The Opportunity Build a “network” that brings volunteer engineers across professions together to work as virtual teams with local organizations, schools and communities Aggregate content and be an open knowledge source for a range of workable solutions for meeting basic community needs. Be a resource for developing effective solutions that could be adapted and improved across diverse communities and regions Highlight how engineers and the engineering profession play a critical role in addressing quality of life issues Virtually connect educators and students to on-the-ground projects and identify opportunities for service learning
- 7. Our Mission A dynamic and growing community of engineers, technologists, designers, scientists, NGOs and community advocates dedicated to improving people’s lives around the world. Our mission is to bridge technology and humanitarian development and transform communities using open-source technology.
- 8. Design Principles Appropriate technology development involves co-creating innovative solutions that are sustainable, affordable andreliable. Develop appropriate solutions, not technologies Consider the context Create transparent technologies Embrace the market Design for DIY (Do It Yourself)
- 9. Develop appropriate solutions, not technologies Goal: Design meaningful and innovative solutions that are desirable to your constituents and serve their needs. Techniques: - Understand communities’ needs, hopes and aspirations for the future: Needs assessment - Capture peoples’ stories: interviews, video, group- sessions, one-on-one visits - Research: what other approaches have been effective/ineffective
- 10. Consider the context Goal: Design solutions that are feasible for the community. Techniques: -outline the constraints by considering context (social, technical, economic, cultural) - get personal experience: spend a week living on $2 a day to begin to understand the trade-offs - identify patterns and brainstorm ideas - share ideas with the end users to get frequent feedback/input and incorporate input to co-create and whiteboard solutions - supplement your team with experts
- 11. Embrace the market& create transparent technology Goal: Ensure viability of the solution. Techniques: - create, document and share prototypes, test, and iterate -identify necessary resources to maintain the solution: > materials, skills, funds > is the solution affordable and economically sustainable? - measure and monitor the impact
- 13. The end goal should be to build local capacity, skills, knowledge, experience and expertise that allows societies to meet their own needs.
- 14. Solution Development:Case study CHALLENGE: Newborn babies often face hypothermia: they are not able to regulate their own body temperature, and can’t stay warm. How to prevent hypothermia in rural clinics in the developing world?
- 15. Existing solutions Develop appropriate solutions, not technologies: current approaches and needs (desirable) Challenges = opportunity! Cost: ~$40,000 US
- 16. Solution Development Considering the context: > Constraints: - Cost - Training - Maintenance Goal: Design solution that is simple to make, to use, understand and maintain (feasible)
- 17. Final Product Appropriate and affordable solution: Viable! Embrace incubator cost <1% of traditional incubator
- 20. Connect with a technical mentor
- 22. TOPIC PAGE Site organized by topic areas: Health, Energy, Water, Sanitation, Structures, Information Systems, Agriculture
- 23. SOLUTIONS LIBRARY A free, open source archive of technology solutions from around the world that can be replicated and adapted across regions
- 24. SOLUTIONS LIBRARY Example: AIDG’s Water Powered Bucket Generator
- 25. E4C NEWS New Stories published weekly and RSS feeds
- 26. LEARNING CENTER Design Principles, educational resources, site how-to’s
- 27. E4C features an open, innovative, user-friendly online platform that promotes.. CONTENT COMMUNITY COLLABORATION 24
- 28. MEMBER PROFILES Member Profiles that highlight expertise and link out to individual’s social media accounts
- 29. SOCIAL MEDIA Conversations across various channels
- 30. EVENTS Members Meetings, Supporting AT Programs, NGO Matching
- 31. E4C features an open, innovative, user-friendly online platform that promotes.. CONTENT COMMUNITY COLLABORATION 28
- 32. E4C WORKSPACE Online spaces where challenges can be posed and multi-disciplinary teams can collaborate on new solutions
- 33. TRANSFORMATIVE TECHNOLOGIES CHALLENGE: Deforestation in rural India due to unsustainable fuel source for cooking… Considering the context Identifying community needs: Who cooks mostly? When do they cook? What do they cook? How do they cook it? Who do they cook with? Who manages kitchen equipment? Proposed Solution: Currently crowdsourcing alternatives. Climate Healers
- 34. E4C WORKSPACE: Climate Healers
- 36. Charge car batteries for use with LED lights, radios, and cellular phones
- 37. Occupy a small footprint (~ 2×3 ft)
- 38. Manufactured with local materials & skills in Quetzalenango, Guatemala
- 39. $100 US manufacturing costCatapult Design
- 40. E4C WORKSPACE: Catapult Design
- 41. Today: Guatemala Tomorrow: the World? This design is open-source and adaptable to other regions of the world
- 42. In addition to donated content from EWB-USA and IEEE-HTN, the Solutions Library will feature solutions from several high-profile NGOs and academic institutions: The Appropriate Infrastructure Development Group (AIDG) helps individuals and communities get affordable and environmentally sound access to electricity, sanitation and clean water. Founded in 1966, Practical Action works with poor communities to develop appropriate technologies in food production, agroprocessing, energy, transport, water and sanitation, shelter, climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. Based in India, Honey Bee Network is a crucible of innovators, farmers, scholars, academicians, policy makers, entrepreneurs and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) from over 75 countries. D-Lab is a program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) that fosters the development of appropriate technologies and sustainable solutions within the framework of international development. Centre for Technology Alternatives for Rural Areas (CTARA) was established at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Bombay in 1985 for the purpose of responding to the technological needs of rural areas.. Appropedia is one of the world’s largest wikis focusing on collaborative approaches to sustainability, poverty reduction and international development.
- 44. Expand E4C’s reach with greater information access and communication exchange (e.g. mobile apps and SMS text messaging capability)
- 45. Continue to build an extensive solutions library with cutting-edge search capabilities and expert & user reviews
- 46. Tell the stories of engineers & scientists and their impactful work on humanitarian challenges through articles, videos and podcasts targeting the public and K-12 students and educators
- 48. Transforming communities through the power of engineering. 38 iana@engineeringforchange.org
- 49. Thank-You. Questions? Use the question box on your screen to pose a question. Contact Information: Iana Aranda, E4C iana@engineeringforchange.org
Notas do Editor
- Needs @ the BoP: 4 Billion people living on less than $4/day
- The proof: Engaged in supporting de-centralized development programs such as Engineers Without Borders-USASeeking academic programs and service learning opportunities for appropriate, sustainable technology designInvolved in social entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility programs
- 1. heightened sensitivity to global perspectives2. Design for extreme affordability 3. Power of product to lift out of poverty
- In 2009 ASME invested in research to identify engineering solutions for the BoPbased on existing NGO work and academic insights in the field.There were a significant number of solutions identified, but a great number of gaps as well.
- The opportunities resonated with IEEE and EWB-USA. And an agreement was reached to establish E4C.
- The report that provided insight into the gaps existing in this space also yielded some best practices which E4C adopted as guiding Design Principles for appropriate tech development.
- Design "in" developing countries, rather than designing "for" developing countries. Understand the social, political and cultural context of the specific need or problem through a needs assessmentIndia tap story
- Understanding user needs isn't just about individuals but also the economic environment, infrastructure and culture in which products and services will be used.> Amy Smith, director of the MIT Development Lab requires all students taking her class to spend a week living on $2 a day to begin to understand the trade-offs that must be made when one has very limited resources. Learn what others have done through E4C News.> Ethan Zuckerman, founder of Global Voices suggests "Don't fight culture; if people cook by stirring their stews, they're not going to use a solar oven, no matter what you do to market it." The best solutions innovate on existing platforms, rather than importing new systems and technologies. > Example:a project called PlayPower developed a $10 computer which is based on cheap, 8-bit computers that are ubiquitous throughout the developing world. The designers didn't create a new machine, but rather built on existing parts and materials.
- Products should be simple to make, to use and to understand. Open source the design whenever possible to encourage continued re-purposing and innovation. > Use Creative Commons licensing to indicate that the design is open-source and encourages participatory design and continuous feedback.Solutions should be designed for price, not created then priced at cost. For a technology or tool to be truly effective, it must be affordable relative to the local economy. > example, AIDFI, a Philippine non-profit, manufactures a water pump for local villages capable of pushing water from a concrete reservoir up a hill at a 40 degree slope. The basic pump technology isn't new, but AIDFI enhanced the design by using inexpensive and locally available materials such as door hinges. The bottom line: to reduce costs, remove unnecessary materials and source locally.Define and Track IndicatorsWhat do you expect to see happening if the solutions were impacting the lives of people? What would indicate success? Indicators help you measure the effects of your solutions. Can be: - positive or negative - intended or unintended.
- The most successful products and designs are those that are co-created with the end users. Involving the community in the design process builds capacity, - not just products. Peter Haas, founder of the Appropriate Infrastructure Design Group notes "There are geniuses in every village ready to make significant changes to their environment; they just don't have the access to tools, resources or time." The end goal should be to build local capacity, skills, knowledge, experience and expertise that allows societies to meet their own needs.
- The gaps identified earlier are E4C main focus areas. The 3 Cs of E4C.