4. whoami
Name: Hiro Yoshioka
2009-present, Rakuten
2000-2008, Miracle Linux, CTO
2002-2003, OSDL board member
1994-2000, Oracle
1984-1994, DEC
1984 Keio University (MS)
I have one patch to Linux Kernel J
x86: cache pollution aware patch
2006/6/23, 2.6.18
http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/
linux.git/commit/?
id=c22ce143d15eb288543fe9873e1c5ac1c01b69a1
4
5. Who are we?
l Rakuten, Inc.
l Internet services company
l Founded : Feb. 7th 1997, Tokyo, Japan
l The first service: Rakuten Ichiba (shopping mall)
5
8. Rakuten Eagles is No. 1
http://event.rakuten.co.jp/campaign/eagles/group/
8
9. Open Source
• History
– Public domain
– Proprietary Software
– Free Software,
• GNU, 1983,
• GNU General Public License, 1989
– Netscape opened source code,
1998
– Open Source software
9
10. Free Software license
• Free Software
– right to use, modify, redistribute
• copyleft
– require same license to derivative
works
• permissive
– don’t require same license
10
11. Free Software license
• copyleft
– GNU General Public License, AGPL
• permissive
– MIT, Apache, BSD
11
12. Why OSS
• Innovation
– collaboration with community
• Flexibility/Agility
– freedom from vendor lock in
• Quality
– fixing bugs, enhancements
• cf. Free of Charge
12
13. Top 20 Licenses (2012)
http://www.blackducksoftware.com/resources/data/top-20licenses
13
14. Most of github hosted projects did
not have any license.
http://www.blackducksoftware.com/resources/infographics/deep-license-data
14
15. How can we choose it?
http://choosealicense.com
15
16. Why do we need OSS license?
• Collaboration model
• Ban Free riders
– The Tragedy of the Commons
16
17. Top 20 Licenses (2012)
http://www.blackducksoftware.com/resources/data/top-20licenses
17
18. copyleft vs permissive
Source
License
2008
2011
2012
70%
56.9%
53.2%
Permissive N/A
25.6%
32.3%
FLOSS
Mole
GNU GPL
70.8%
62.8%
62.8%
Permissive 10.9%
13.4%
13.7%
Google
Code
GNU GPL
N/A
54.7%
52.7%
Permissive N/A
38.0%
37.1%
Black Duck GNU GPL
Projects are increasingly using permissive licenses.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o82QmitU4XE
OSCON 2013, Eileen Evans, "Licensing Models and
Building an Open Source Community"
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19. OSS Community
• Typical OSS community
– Charisma, top programmers (e.g., Matsumoto san
(Ruby), Linus Torvalds (Linux))
– Committers (top notch programmers who have the right
to add/modify the OSS)
– Contributors (programmers who submit bug fixes, new
proposals, patches)
– Casual users (report bugs, ask questions, etc)
charisma
Matz
committers
Yugui
contributors
casual users
Linus
Greg K Hartman
http://commons.wikimedia.org/
wiki/File%3AGreg_KroahHartman_lks08.jpg
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22. Contributions to recent open source
projects
(as of May 2013)
License
Project
Year
Started
Number Number of
Lines of
of
Contributors Code
Commits
Apache 2.0
OpenStack
2010
62,000+
1,043
874,625+
Apache 2.0
CloudStack 2010
17,000+
184
1.7 million+
GPLv3
Eucalyptus
72,000+
70
1.3 millions
http://www.ohloh.net/p/openstack
http://www.ohloh.net/p/CloudStack
http://www.ohloh.net/p/eucalyptus
2009
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o82QmitU4XE
OSCON 2013, Eileen Evans, "Licensing Models and
Building an Open Source Community"
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23. Open source and Bazaar
• Open source software (OSS)
– software license
• Bazaar
– Software development model
– global distributed collaborative work
23
25. Hacker Ethics
• Access to computers—and anything which might
teach you something about the way the world
works—should be unlimited and total. Always
yield to the Hands-On Imperative!
• All information should be free
• Mistrust authority – promote decentralization
• Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not
criteria such as degrees, age, race, sex, or position
• You can create art and beauty on a computer
• Computers can change your life for the better
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26. Hacker Culture, Common Value
• Computers can change your life for the better
• rough consensus and working code
• http://www.ietf.org/tao.html
• It’s better to ask forgiveness than permission.
• If it's a good idea, go ahead and do it. It is
much easier to apologize than it is to get
permission. By Grace Hopper
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27. The Hacker Way (Facebook)
IPO 2012
•
•
•
•
•
•
Code wins arguments
Continuous Improvement and Iteration
Open and Meritocratic
Hackathon
Bootcamp
http://www.wired.com/business/2012/02/zuckletter/
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28. Web 2.0
• Software products vs Internet Services
• http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-isweb-20.html 9/30/2005
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Web_2.0_Map.svg
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29. Netscape vs Google
• A native web application, never sold or
packaged, but delivered as a service
• None of the trappings of the old software
industry are present.
• No scheduled software releases, just continuous
improvement.
• No licensing or sale, just usage.
• No porting to different platforms, …, just a
massively scalable collection of commodity
PCs running OSS operating systems plus
homegrown applications and utilities that no
one outside the company ever gets to see.
http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html
29
30. Why OSS at Rakuten
• Innovation
– collaboration with community
– hacker centric culture
• Flexibility/Agility
– freedom from vendor lock in
• Quality
– fixing bugs, enhancements
• cf. Free of Charge
30
31. Maturity of OSS usage
•
•
•
•
Find
Use
Participate
Innovate/Build Community
31
32. OSS at Rakuten
• OSS is everywhere
– Manual for collaborating with OSS
community
– OSS training
• Homegrown applications
– ROMA (Distributed KVS)
– LeoFS (File System)
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