Five Principals of Successful Parent Involvement - Involvement should happen both at the school and at home. When you are at the school to help, remember that you are there for all the children, not just your own. - Help students when they ask for help, but never do the work for them. Instead, show them how to do a similar problemso they can understand the process. -Be an advocate for your child. If you are concerned about your child’s progress or if you have other concerns, make an appointment to talk to your child’s teacher. - Be careful not to complain about everything, but choose your concerns carefully. A parent who does nothing but complain is often not taken seriously and not an effective advocate for their children. - Stay positive. Don’t let your child hear you make negative comments about your child’s teacher. Never let your child hear you say that you don’t know if she can do it. - When you are frustrated, it’s best to take a break and have your spouse, an older sibling, or a family friend help your child for a while.

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vè;k;&11
[kq'kgky cPps vkSj vkÙefo'okl
lq/jsxh vkSykn rHkh] tc lq/kj Lo;a esa ykvksxsA
tSlk pkgksxs cukuk] Lo;a dks Hkh rks cukvksxsAA291AA
cPpksa esa vkÙefo'okl muds thou dh lkekftd] vk£Fkd rFkk ekufld [kqf'k;ksa dk
vk/kj gSA ;g thou Hkj mudh lQyrk ds fy, ikliksVZ dk dk;Z djrk gS D;ksfd tSlk
vki Lo;a esa eglwl djrs gSa oSlk gh vki O;ogkj djrs gSaA izlUurk dk vglkl vkidks
çlaurk ls Hkj nsrk gS rFkk vkidh lQyrk esa pkj pkan yxk nsrk gSA cPps ges'kk mls gh
ilUn djrs gSa tks og 'kh'ks dh rjg thou esa ns[krs gSaA tc og [kq'kh ls Hkjiwj gksrs gSa rks
eu dh vuqifLFkfr esa vius vanj Nkadrs gq, viuh vareZu dh fLFkr esa izlUu jgrs gSa
vkSj ;gh dkj.k gS fd gesa muds bnZ&fxnZ [kqf'k;k¡ utj vkrh gSaA mudk lcls cM+k
vkÙefo'okl ;gh gS fd muls lHkh I;kj djrs gSa rFkk og tks Hkh ns[krk gS lHkh dqN
djus ds dkfcy gSA bl vkÙefo'okl dh çFke [kkn mls vius ekrk firk ls çkIr gksrh
gSA ;fn ge igys vè;k; esa n'kkZ;s x;s jpukÙedrk pØ ij xkSj djsaxs rks ik;saxs fd ;gh
vkidk O;ogkj pØ Hkh gS tgk¡ fopkj :i esa cPps dh ekax dks j[k fn;k tk;s rks varr%
tks çkIr gksxk mlls igys vkidk O;ogkj fu£er gksrk gSA bl çdkj ekrk firk dk lcls
igyk dÙkZO; ;gh gS fd og vius cPpksa ds vkÙefo'okl ds cht dks igpkus rFkk muesa
bldk çR;kjksi.k djsa vkSj og gS I;kj rFkk vkÙefo'oklA
ewyr% vkÙefo'okl dh deh gh cPpksa esa O;ogkj laca/h leL;k;sa iSnk djrh gSA blds
foijhr bldh vf/drk Hkh muds fy, O;ogkj laca/h leL;k;sa iSnk dj ldrh gSA vr%
blesa larqyu dk;e djuk Hkh ekrk firk ds fy, nwljh cM+h pqukSrh gS D;ksafd cPpksa dh
vf/drj leL;k,sa muds vuqokaf'kd LoHkko ls tqM+h gksrh gSaA lkekftd n`f"V ls ge bls
vuq'kk'ku dgrs gSaA cPpksa dk ftíh gksuk] vuq'kk'ku dk ikyu u djuk] nwljksa ds lkFk
feyulkj u gksuk] vius vki esa dsafær jguk rFkk nwljksa dks Lohdkj u djuk vkfn vkfn
leL;k,sa ekrk firk ds fy, lh/k lh/k lk ladsr gS fd cPps ds O;ogkj pØ esa dgha u
dgha dksbZ nks"k gS pkgs og fdlh Hkh Lrj ij udkjkÙed :i ls cPps dks çHkkfor D;ksa u
dj jgk gksA
vkÙefo'okl ls vfHkçk;% ;gk¡ vkÙeç'kalk rFkk ncaxbZ ls laca/hr ugha gSa cfYd
vkÙelarks"k] [kq'kh rFkk vkÙedY;k.k ds }kjk vius vkidks d"Vks ls ijs j[kus rFkk
ijdY;k.k ls lacaf/r gSA ftlls vfHkçk; gS fd cPpk Lo;a rks [kq'kgky rFkk lqjf{kr
eglwl djrk gS blds vfrfjDr og vius vkl ikl ds okrkoj.k dks Hkh mlh fLFkfr esa
j[kus dk ç;kl djrs gq, Lo;a esa fuf'par rFkk fo'oklh gSA blls vfHkçk; gS viuh 'kfDr
rFkk detksfj;ksa dk mfpr Kku gksuk rFkk mlds vuqlkj viuh leL;kvksa dk lek/ku
djukA Kku dk gksuk vkidk ekufld i{k gS tcfd leL;k lek/ku bldk O;ogkfjd
i{k gS vkSj bu nksuksa i{kksa esa vuq'kk'ku ds }kjk larqyu cuk, j[kus dh dyk gh vkids
cPps dk vkÙefo’ okl gS tks mlds fy, laiw.kZrk ;qDr thou thus dh dyk gSA thou ds

2. mrkj p<+koksa esa cPpk ldkjkÙed rFkk Í.kkÙed fo'okl c<+kus okyh rFkk ?kVkus okyh
nksuksa gh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lkeuk djrk gS ,slh fLFkfr esa ekrk firk dks mls ldkjkÙedrk
ds jkLrs ij vaxqy idM+ dj pykuk gS tcfd Í.kkÙed fopkjksa ls lqjf{kr jgus dh dyk
fl[kkuh gS rkfd og nksuksa gh fLFkfr;ksa esa ls le; rFkk fLFkfr vuqlkj p;u dj lds rFkk
buesa larqyu dk;e dj ik;sA
ekrk firk ds fy, cPpk ,d dPps ?kM+s ds leku gSA vc ;g ekrk firk ij vk/kfjr gS
fd og viuh bl feV~Vh dks dkSulk Lo:i nsuk pkgrs gSaA xq.kksa dk ?kM+k] nq%[kksa ls Hkjk
?kM+k ;k fo'o dk loZJs"B ?kM+kA vkidh tkudkjh ds fy, igys lkr o"kZ esa cPpk ogh
djrk gS tks mls vPNk yxrk gS rFkk vius vklikl gksus okyh ?kVukvksa ds çfr cM+ks ls
vf/d lpsr jgrk gS D;ksafd mlesa Mj dk vf/dr~e Hkko jgrk gSA ;g ewyk/kj dsaæ rFkk
'kkjhfjd fodkl dk dky gS ftlesa gekjh LokLF; dh j{kd jksx çfrdkjd 'kfDr dk
fodkl gksrk gSA
lh[krk gS dsoy ns[k ij[k] lkr o"kksZa rd dk cPpkA
tks Hkh lh[kkuk pkgrs mls] dhft, Lo;a le> dPpkAA292AA
lkr ls pkSng o"kZ dh vk;q esa cPps esa ^eu* dk fodkl gksrk gS rFkk vklikl ?kfVr gksus
okyh lHkh ?kVukvksa dks ns[kdj viuh lksp dks fodflr djrk gSA ;gh og fLFkfr gS tgk¡
ekrk firk dks lcls vf/d è;ku nsuk pkfg, rFkk ogh dqN viuh ftanxh esa cPps ds
lkeus djuk pkfg, tks og mlls cM+s gksus ij djokuk pkgrs gSaA ;gk¡ lcls egÙoiw.kZ gS
fd vkids ?kj dk ekgkSy dSlk gS mlh ds vuqlkj og laiw.kZ lalkj ds çfr viuk
n`f"Vdks.k fodflr djrk gSA laiw.kZ LokLF; dh n`f"V ls bl dky esa lksp laca/h eukse;
'kjhj fodflr gksrk gS ftlesa^D;k* Nhik gSA
lkr ls pkSng ds chp eas] gksrh gS eu dh LFkkiuk A
Hkkoukvksa dk [;ky j[k] O;ogkj dhft, egkiuk AA293AA
blls vxyk dky gekjs foKkue; 'kjhj ds fodkl dk dky dgykrk gSA bl dky esa
cqf¼ dk fodkl gksrk gS rFkk gj ckr esa ^D;ksa* Nqik jgrk gS vr% bl dky esa bUgsa gj
lek/ku oSKkfud n`f"V ls pkfg,A ;g cPpksa dk mRdaBk dky dgykrk gSA gj laHkkoukvksa
dks ikus rFkk lekt esa ifjorZu dh Hkkouk bl dky esa çcy jgrh gSA vr% ekrk firk dks
buds gj ç'u dks nckus dh ugha cfYd lek/ku nsus dh vko';drk jgrh gS ojuk bl
dky esa buds euekSth vFkok ruko xzflr jgus dh laHkkouk;sa cgqr c<+ tkrh gSaA ;g
dky buds ia[k QSykus] mM+us rFkk tokuh dk Hkjiwj vkuan ysus dk gS vr% ,sls le; esa
budh laxr dks ns[kuk rFkk muds fØ;kdyki ij utj j[kuk rFkk fQlyus ij fe=kor~
le>kuk ekrk firk dk ewy dÙkZO; gSA
pkSng ls bDdhl ds chp] le; gS cqf¼ ds fodkl dkA
fo|k&Kku izkfIr djok;sa] thou lafpr iwath gzkl dkAA294AA
mijksDr ds bykok thou ds eq[; pkj iM+ko vkSj gSa ftUgsa lkr o"kZ ds iM+koksa esa ckaVk
x;k gS tks bDdhl ls ysdj mUupkl o"kZ rd fuEu :i ls la{ksi esa ikBdksa ds KkukFkZ
fn;k tk jgk gSA
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3. bDdhl ls vV~BkbZl ds chp]thou vk/kj lalkjhA
pfj=k o e;kZnk lh[krk ;gha] nksLrh nqfu;k U;kjhAA295AA
vV~BkbZl ls iSarhl chp] gksrk ikfjokfjd fodklA
viuh l`f"V dh jpuk ls]vxyh ih<+h dk gks U;klAA296AA
iSafrl ls C;kfy'k chp] dkark 'kfDr dk fodklA
mM+uk pkgs vkdk'k esa] Kku dk QSyrk gS izdk'kAA297AA
C;kfy'k ls mUupkl esa] lquuk pkgas lc vkRejkxA
vkRejkx dh efLr esa] lalkj ls mits gS vuqjkxAA298AA
mUupkl ls NIiu ds chp] dgykrk lU;klh dkyA
ije~rRo dh jkg pysa lc] fcxM+ tk;asxs ojuk gkyAA299AA
NIiu ls Åij dsoy izHkq] mldk uke gh mldh lsokA
djs lcdk dY;k.k izk.kh] ik, thou dh vlyh esokAA300AA
bl çdkj vkÙefo'okl Lo;a dk Lo;a ls ewY; fu/kZj.k gS tks fd fnu çfrfnu fLFkfr rFkk
le;kuqlkj cnyrk jgrk gS ijUrq bldk vf/drj fodkl cpiu esa fodflr gksrk gS vkSj
tokuh rd ifjiDdork esa vk tkrk gS ijUrq bldh lHkh çfrfØ;k,sa I;kj ij vk/kfjr gSa
tks fd cpiu :ih ikS/s ds fy, [kkn dk dke djrk gSA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij tc cPps
dks iq:Ldkj feyk ijUrq ;fn blds ckn mldks ekrkfirk ls I;kj :ih 'kkck'kh ugha feyrh
rks mldk vkÙefo'okl detksj iM+rk gSA
blds foijhr ;fn og I;kj çkIr djrk gS ijarq viuh ;ksX;rk esa mldk fo'okl ugha gksrk
gS rks Hkh mldk vkÙefo'okl detksj iM+rk gSA bu nksuksa gh fLFkfr;ksa esa larqyu dk;e gh
vkÙefo’ okl dh igpku gS tks fd ekrk firk dh ns[kjs[k esa cpiu esa Lo;a gh fodflr
gksrk gS ijUrq ckn esa bls fodlhr djuk FkksM+k dfBu gksrk gSA ijUrq mRlkg rFkk mfpr
O;ogkj pØ ds }kjk bls ckn esa Hkh fodlhr fd;k tk ldrk gSA gekjh ;g iqLrd ;fn
cPps ds lkFk lkFk cpiu ls ykxw dh tk;s rFkk mls vius ^eu* dh 'kfDr;ksa ls ifjfpr
djok dj dsoy ek=k fuMj rFkk [kq'k j[kus ek=k ls ;qodksa esa Hkh vkÙefo'okl fodlhr
fd;k tk ldrk gSA
c<+rs cPpksa esa vkÙefo'okl ?kVrk c<+rk jgrk gS D;ksfd ;g cPps ds fu.kZ; u;s vuqHkoksa
rFkk laHkkoukvksa }kjk çHkkfor jgrk gS vr% bls Hkh ifjfLFkfr vuqlkj ?kVk;k ;k c<+k;k tk
ldrk gSA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij detksj vkÙefo’ okl ds cPps dqN Hkh u;k djus esa
fgpfdpkgV eglwl djrs gSaA muds cgkus fuEu çdkj ls lkeus vkrs gSa tSls eSa gh ew[kZ g¡w]
eSa ,slk dHkh ugha d:axk] bldks djus dk D;k ykHk gS esjk dksbZ [;ky ugha j[krk]
'kgu'kfDr detksj gksuk] dqBkxzLr ,oa grk'k jguk] ijkoyacu rFkk >qa>ykgV ,oa vius
vkidks dksluk buds y{k.k gksrs gSaA ,sls cPps NksVs NksVs xfrjks/ dks Hkh LFkkbZ eku dj
udkjkÙed gks tkrs gSa ftlls muds ekufld rFkk 'kkjhfjd :i ls fiNM+us dk Hk; jgrk
gS A tcfd blds foijhr vkÙefo'oklh cPps nwljksa ls ckrphr esa vkuan mBkrs gSa os
lkekftd dk;Zdykiksa esa tYnh ls lSV gks tkrs gSa] xqzi dykvksa dk etk mBkrs gSaA bUgsa
tc Hkh fdlh pSysat dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gS rks csf>>d blesa dwn iM+rs gSa rFkk fdlh
2

4. dks uhpk fn[kk, oxSj bldk gy fudkyrs gSaA budks viuh detksfj;ksa rFkk 'kfDr;ksa dk
vkHkk"k gksrk gS rFkk os bu ij fot; ikuk Hkh tkurs gSa rFkk blds fy, lnSo ldkjkÙed
ç;kl esa yxs jgrs gSaA
bl çdkj nqu;koh >a>kokrksa esa vkÙefo’ okl cPps dk gfFk;kj gS tks ;g buls yM+us ds
fy, viuh bPNkuqlkj ç;ksx esa ykrs gSaA bl gfFk;kj ds ç;ksx gsrq gesa cPps dks dHkh Hkh
Mj dk vkJ; ugha nsuk pkfg, tcfd 'kks/ksa ds vuqlkj lk/kj.kr;k ge cPpksa ds fy,
gtkjksa rjg dh ^uk&uk* dk mi;ksx ge vius fu.kZ; deksZa esa djrs gSaA ;kn jgs dsoy
ek=k ,d Mj ds çokg ls euq"; esa ikap fodkj iSnk gksrs gSaA lcls igys tc cPpk iSnk
gksrk gS rks mldh uky dkVdj mlesa Mj dk l`tu dj fn;k tkrk gS] FkksM+k cM+k gksus ij
^uk&uk* lqudj mlesa vkÙefo'"okl dks nck fn;k tkrk gSA mlds ckn mls lekt ds
lgkjs NksM+dj vuq'kk'ku ds uke ij fQj Mj iSnk fd;k tkrk gSA Mj lcls igys mlesa Øks/
dk l`tu djrk gS] Øks/ ls og cqf¼ dk R;kx djrk gS rFkk I;kj dh ryk'k esa dke dh
vkSj vkd£"kr gksrk gSA dke esa tkdj mls eksg iSnk gksrk gS] eksg ls og yksHk esa Q¡lrk gS
rFkk varr% vgadkj esa Qalk fQj Øks/ ds jkLrs pyrk gS vkSj blh lalkj ek;ktky pØ esa
pjkosrh pjksosrh pyrk gh jgrk gSA
mijksDr ek;ktky pØ ls ge cPps ds fu.kZ; cnyrs O;ogkj dks le> ldrs gSa rFkk
mlds vuqlkj mlds c<+rs dneksa dks igpku dj fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa I;kj dk czsd yxk
dj mijksDr pØ dks dkV ldrs gSa D;ksafd I;kj :ih eSxusV gekjs LoHkko dks fdlh
fLFkfr esa cnyus esa l{ke gS vkSj ekrk firk bldks vius cPps ij fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa
fpidkus vkSj çHkkfor djus esa l{ke gSaA vr% vius cPps dh gj fLFkfr dks igpkurs gq,
mls I;kj ds lkFk gkSlyk] mRlkg rFkk vkxs c<+us dh 'kfDr nhft, rFkk fQj nsf[k, fd
vkids cPps esa ,d u;k vkÙefo'okl iuius yxsxk rFkk og fuÙ; u;s vk;ke ikj djus
yxsxkA
vkidk cPpk T;ksafg cM+k gksus yxrk gS mldh ;ksX;rk dks igpku dj mls mRlkfgr
dhft, mu lHkh ekU;rkvksa dks ihNs NksM+dj tks laHkO;rk vkids cpiu ds lkFk xqtjh
gksaA mlds dk;ksZa dh ç'kalk mldh viuh best c<+kus esa lgk;d gksrh gS rFkk blh çdkj
mlds vU; dk;ksZa esa mldh viuh best dk çHkko c<+rk tkrk gSA
Nqik;k gqvk v{k gS] vkSykn :ih vkbZus esaA
<w<+ yks v{k viuk] deZ ds bl dkbZus esaAA443AA
3

5. vkSykn gh vius deksZa dk] izR;{k ys[kk vkSj tks[kk gSA
lqcg&'kke feykrs jguk] fdruk ykHk vkSj /ks[kk gSAA123AA
vkSykn bl nqfu;k¡ esa] vkidh lPph lqPph dekbZ gSA
Lkkeus [kM+k ij[k yks] ftanxh lQy gqbZ ;k xaokbZ gSAA1411AA
vc ge mu fcanqvksa ij fopkj djsaxs tks ge cPpksa esa fo'okl txkus ds fy, viuk ldrs
gSaA
1- cPpksa esa vkÙefo'okl txkbZ;s %&cPpksa dk vkÙefo'okl vius ekrk firk
dh xksn esa mudh vka[kksa ds ekè;e ls] vkokt ds ekè;e ls] vkidh 'kjhj dh Hkk"kk rFkk
vkidh gj fØ;k ds ekè;e ls fodlhr gksrk gSA vkids 'kCnksa dh mdlkgV rFkk gkSlyk
mudks vkxs c<+us esa çsj.kk dk dk;Z djrk gSA NksVh NksVh gkSlyk ctkbZ mUgsa xkSjokfUor
djrh gSA mUgsa Lora=krk ls dk;Z lkaSiuk muesa cy rFkk cqf¼ dk çlkj djrk gSA blds
foijhr fLFkfr;ksa esa mldk nwljksa ds lkFk feyku djus og vius vkidks fuxqZ.k le>rk gSA
vr% 'kCnksa dks dHkh Hkh ck.k ds :i esa dHkh mi;ksx u djsaA vius 'kCnksa dks pqudj
mi;ksx dhft, rFkk lnSo muds lkFk fe=kor~ O;ogkj dhft,A muesa ,glkl txkbZ;s fd
xfYr;k¡ gj ,d ls gksrh gSa ijUrq xfYr;ksa ls gesa dqN u dqN f'k{kk feyrh gSA vki Hkys
gh muds O;ogkj ls çse u djrs gksa ysfdu muls vHkh Hkh çse djrs gSa rFkk mudk è;ku
j[kus ds fy, lnSo vkÙkqj gSaA
2- mudh vPNkbZ;ksa dks idfM+, %&cPpksa dh gj cqjkbZ ij iSuh utj j[kus dh
vis{kk muds vPNs dk;ksZa dks idM+uk vkjaHk dhft, rFkk mldh ç'kalk dhft,A mnkgj.k
ds rkSj ij vkt vkius viuk fcLrj Lo;a gh Bhd fd;k&'kkck'k cgqr vPNk fd;k bls
vkxs Hkh ,sls gh djrs jfg,A fnu ds nkSjku nks pkj ckj de ls de mudh rkfjQ dhft,
rFkk muds ,sls dkeksa dks bZuke nhft, & tSls ekFkk pqeuk] NIih ekjuk] Fkidh nsuk]
'kkck'kh nsuk bR;kfnA ijh{kk bR;kfn esa vPNk djus ij fiDpj] ckgj [kkus vFkok fiduhd
ds fy, ys tkbZ;s rFkk ,slk djrs le; mls mRlkfgr djrs jfg,A ,slk djus ls vki cPps
esa peRdkfjd ifjorZuksa dks ns[k ldrs gSa o mls fuÙ; vf/d eSP;wj gksrk ns[k ldrs gSaA
3- vuq'kk'ku dh çkFkfedrk fl[kyk;sa %& thou esa vuq'kk'ku vifjgk;Z ,oa
vfuok;Z gSaA euq"; ,d lkekftd çk.kh gS ftls cgqr lkjh phtksa dks e;kZnk esa jgrs gq,
djuk gksrk gSA vuq'kk'ku cPpksa dks Lohdk;Z O;ogkj rFkk Lo;a fu;a=k.k dh Hkkouk iSnk
djrk gSA ;|fi cPpksa dks lheka;s ilan ugha vkrh ijUrq lekftdrk ds ukrs mUgsa lh[kuk
gh gksxk tks os Lo;a cM+s gksus ij ilan ugha djsaxsA ?kj esa dqN lk/kj.k fu;eksa dk ikyu
djuk tSls x`g dk;Z ls igys Vh0oh ugha ns[kuk] ijh{kk ds nkSjku Vh0oh0 ds le; ij
fu;a=k.k vkfn ,sls :y gSa ftudk ikyu cPpksa dks LosPNk rFkk Lo;a vuq'kk'ku ls gh djuk
pkfg,A vkil esa yM+kbZ djuk rFkk ,d nwljs dk lrkuk rFkk fVftax djuk bR;kfn ,sls
:y gSa tks Lo;a mlds fy, Hkh mrus gh ykHknk;d gSa ftrus nwljksa ds fy, Qk;nsean gks
ldrs gSaA ,slk vki rqjar rFkk lr~ çfr'kr rks ugha pkg ldrs ijUrq dqN u dqN rks
Qksyksa djus nhft, rFkk ,d igjsnkj dh rjg mUgsa nsf[k, rFkk mUgsa blesa esa vkuan mBkus
nhft,A
4

6. 4- vius cPpksa ds fy, le; fudkfy,%& vkils cPpksa dh lcls cM+h fMekaM gSa
fd vkids ikl muds fy, le; gksuk pkfg,A bdV~Bs cSBdj uk'rk] yap rFkk Mhuj ysuk
vkids ifjokj dks tksM+us dk dk;Z djrk gSA bl nkSjku ,d nwljs dh leL;kvksa dks fMLdl
djuk rFkk gYds QwYds etkd cPpksa esa I;kj dk ,glkl Hkjrs gSaA jkr dks cPpksa ds lkFk
Vgyuk] lka;dky esa ikdZ ?kqeus tkuk] lIrkgar esa fiduhd ikVhZ vFkok QSeyh bdV~Bs
gksuk ,oa ?kqeus tkuk vkfn ,sls mik; gSa ftuls cPpksa esa ifjokj dh Hkkouk iSnk gksrh gSA
cPpksa ds lkFk cSBdj xse [ksyuk] :Buk eukuk ,oa mudh 'krksZa dks ekuuk ,oa viuh
'krksZa dks eukus ls cPpksa esa ?kqyus feyus dh Hkkouk iuirh gSA cPpksa dks vius vQs;j
vki eSust djus nsuk rFkk muls muds nksLrksa rFkk vklikl iuirs yksxksa dh tkudkjh
j[kuk vkt ds ekgkSy esa vkids fy, cgqr vko';d gSA cPpksa ds lkFk cSBdj mudh
Hkkoukvksa fopkjksa rFkk dqaBkvksa dks fudkyuk Hkh vkidk ewy dÙkZO; gSA gj ckr esa fVdk
fVIi.kh dh vis{kk vius le; ls gj pht dks feykuk Hkh cPpksa esa ghu Hkkouk iSnk djrk
gSA ;s çÑfr ds ,sls Qwy gSa tks [kqys vkleku esa fufojks/ c<+uk pkgrs gSa rFkk bUgsa c<+us
nsus esa gh vkidk fgr Nhik gS vr% ekyh cudj bUgsa ikyrs jfg,A
5- yxko dh Hkwfedk fuHkk;sa %& tc ,d cPpk fpYykrk gS rFkk nw/ ds fy,
jksrk gS rks ,slh voLFkk esa dHkh Hkh vius cPps dks bXuksj er dhft, mlds fy, rqjar
O;oLFkk dhft, viuh xksnh esa fcBkb;s rFkk mls lgykbZ;sA blls cPps esa viusiu dk
,glkl iSnk gksrk gS rFkk viuk ewY; le>us dh lSalA c<+rs cPpksa esa vkil esa daihVh'ku
dh Hkkouk iSnk gksrh gS vr% muesa ;g Hkko u iSnk gksus nsa fd esjk de è;ku j[kk tkrk
gS vFkok nwljs dks vf/d egÙoiw.kZ LFkku gkfly gSA ges'kk gh lko/ku jgsa fd cPpk ,slk
eglwl djrk gS ;k oSlk eglwl djrk gS rqjar mlds ewM dks Hkkaidj fLFkfr dks Dyh;j
djus dh dksf'k'k dhft, vFkok cM+s cPps esa NksVs ds çfr n;k dk Hkko iSnk dhft, rFkk
NksVs esa cM+s dks Qksyks djus ds HkkoA tSls os vkidh lgk;rk ls Qwyrs Qyrs gksrs gSa oSls
gh mUgsa ,d nwljs dh lgk;rk ls mBus nhft, rkfd yxko iSnk gksA
çFke nks o"kksZa esa cPpksa dk fnekx cgqr gh rsth ls fodlhr gksrk gS rFkk mlesa vius çfr
yxko dh Hkkouk cgqr rsth ls fodlhr gksrh gSA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij ;fn cPpk nw/ ds
fy, jksrk gS ijUrq vki mlds fy, è;ku ugha nsrs gks rks og le>rk gS fd mlds fy,
vki dksbZ ek;uk ugha j[krs rFkk vU; dksbZ mldh lgk;rkFkZ vk,xkA blls mldk vkids
çfr yxko ?kVrk gS tks ckn esa mlds LoHkko dk fgLlk curk gSA blds vfrfjDr vkids
ikl vkus ij ;fn cPpk gkFk Åij mBkrk gS vkSj vki mls rqjar mBkrs gSa rks mldk
fnekx ldkjkÙed iSVuZ ij dk;Z djrk gS rFkk bls og ckj ckj nksgjkrk gS ijarq ;fn vki
bl ij è;ku ugha nsrs gks rks og fQj ls fdlh vU; dks vius fy, ryk'krk gS tks mldh
,D'ku dks fjLiksal djrk gSA ldkjkÙedrk ls Hkjs gq, cPps dk fnekx mlds feyu dks
lekt esa lq%[kn ,glkl QSykrk gS tcfd udkjkÙed iSVuZ mls ckn esa vfeyulkj
fodflr djrk gSA
6- laokn dh Hkwfedk esa jfg, %& ekrk firk ds gj 'kCn dk çHkko cPpksa ds
eu ij xgjk iM+rk gSA mudh fodflr voLFkk esa og gj 'kCn idM+rs gSa tks vki muds
5

7. lkeu nksgjkrs gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ?kj esa ;fn xkfy xykSp dk ekgkSy gksrk gS rks cPpk
bu 'kCnksa dks ckgj vo'; ç;ksx esa yk;sxkA ;kn jf[k, cPpk lkSyg ls chl ?kaVs ?kj esa
xqtkjrk gS rks ?kj dh gj ,d fLFkfr ij mldh iSuh utj jgrh gSA vr% ekrk firk gksus
ds ukrs vkidh Hkwfedk vkSj vf/d c<+ tkrh gS fd vkids ?kj dk ekgkSy dSlk gSA vr%
cPpksa dh mifLFkfr esa gj 'kCn rkSydj dj mi;ksx esa yk;sa rFkk vius Hkko bls cuk;sa tSls
vki vius cPpksa dks Qksyks djokuk pkgrs gksA
gj le; cPpksa ls og er mEehn dhft, tks vki pkgrs gSaA ;fn dgha cPpk vkils
vkukdkuh djrk gS rks le; fudky dj mldh dqaBkvksa dks mHkjus nhft, rFkk muds
fopkjksa dks le>kdj nq:Lr dhft, cgqr lkjh fLFkfr;ksa esa cPps lgh gksrs gSa vkSj ge xYrA
vr% mls Lora=krk ls fLFkfr;ksa ds ckjs lkspus nhft,A gj fopkj dks cPpksa ij FkkSaiuk muds
fy, vR;kpkj ds leku gSA viuh pkgrksa dks [kqys rkSj ij muds lkeus jf[k, rFkk gks
lds rks muds nksLr cudj muls 'ks;j dhft,A
cPpksa esa dHkh ghu Hkko ,oa 'kCnksa dks u iuius nsaA ,sls 'kCnksa dk dHkh mi;ksx u djsa
ftlls muds Hkko udkjkÙed gksa rFkk mls vPNk jkLrk R;kx ij xYr jkLrs ij tkus yxsaA
'kCnksa dk Hkko rFkk mudk muds fy, D;k egÙo gks ldrk gS mls Li"V rkSj ij muds
lkeus j[ksa rFkk bl ckr dk lnSo è;ku j[ksa fd cPpk dgha mUgsa mYVk rks ugha le>rkA
7- jksy ekWMy dh Hkwfedk fuHkk;sa %&cPps dh nqfu;k¡ vkidk ?kj gS rFkk ?kj esa
jgdj og lHkh dqN lh[krk gS ftldh lgk;rk ls mls ckgjh nqfu;k¡ ds lkFk fuiVuk gS
vkSj og lh[kus dk tfj;k gksrs gSa cPps ds eka ckiA vkidh gj gjdr dks cPpk vius
O;ogkj esa dkih djuk pkgrk gSA cPps dk fnekx rFkk vka[ksa yxkrkj vkids O;ogkj ij
fVds jgrs gSa vr% cPps ds lkeus vki ogh dhft, tks vki mlds djus dh mEehn j[krs
gSaA vkSykn vkidh ftanxh dk vkbZuk gS vr% tSlk vki bl 'kh'ks esa ns[kuk pkgrs gSa vki
muds lkeus oSlk gh O;ogkj dhft,A vki cPps ls tSls O;ogkj dh mEehn j[krs gSa oSlk
gh mlds lkFk dhft, vki mlls fe=krk] vknj] bZekunkjh] n;k] lgu'khyrk rFkk
vuq'kk'ku dh mEehn j[krs gSa rks bu lHkh dks mlds lkeus jgrs gq, ekMy cu dj
nksgjkbZ;sA vkidks mldks i<+kus dh dksbZ vko';drk ugha gS og Lo;a vkidks ns[kdj lh[k
tk;sxkA tSlk vki nwljs yksxksa ls vknj lEeku vFkok O;ogkj pkgrs gSa oSlk vius cPpksa ds
lkFk dhft,A dnkfi er le>sa fd ;g rks cPps gSa bUgsa dqN ugha vkrk ;|fi ges'kk muesa
prqj pkykd ykSeM+h ls xq.k rFkk vius ctwxksZa ds tSlk lEeku nsus dh dksf'k'k dhft, ogh
vkidks feyus yxsxkA ;kn jf[k, vkSykn vkids orZeku deksZa dk vkbZuk gS tks vkids
lkeus [kM+k gqvk vkils gh fglkc ekax jgk gS vr% [kq'kh ls Lohdkj dj vkxs ds fy, cksuk
vkjaHk dj nhft, vkidk rFkk cPpksa dk Hkfo"; Lo;a lq/j tk;sxkA
D;k vki cPpksa ds lkeus xqLlk djrs gSa muls Hkn~ns etkd djrs gSa muds lkeus
xYr gjdrs djrs gSa muds lkeus >wB cksyrs gSa ;kn jf[k, tks Hkh vki cPpksa ds
vkl ikl gksus ns jgs gSa og fdlh Nqis gq, jkMkj rFkk VªkalehVj dh rjg lHkh dqN idM+
jgk gS rFkk le; vkus ij og lHkh dqN vius O;ogkj }kjk gh vkids lkeus j[k nsxk tks
vkt vki mls ns jgs gSaA tc vki mlds lkeus jpukÙed] ldkjkÙed rFkk thou
6

8. mi;ksxh dk;Z djrs gks rks Hkh og mUgsa ns[kdj lh[krk gS blds foijhr tc vki
udkjkÙed] Nykok vFkok >wB bR;kfn ds Hkko çLrqr djrs gks rks og Hkh og mlh rsth
ls idM+rk gSA D;ksafd mldk eu dPpk gS rFkk gj ok;czs'ku dks rqjr idM+rk gSA og
vkids xqLls ds Hkkoksa dks Hkh vkidh vka[kksa esa >kad ldrk gS rFkk vkids I;kj ds Hkko
dks Hkh vkidh 'kkjhfjd gjdrksa ls idM+ ldrk gSA ckr ckr esa MkaVuk mls lnk ds fy,
ykijokg cuk ldrk gS rks xqLls ls ,d ckj ns[kuk gh mlds fy, ladsr dh rjg dke
djrk gSA ;kn jf[k, cPpk nwljk 'kjhj ugha gS cfYd vkidh çfrew£r gS ftls vki
bPNkuqlkj <+ky ldrs gSaA
8- viuk O;ogkj ypdhyk jf[k, %&cPps vkidh cfXk;k ds Qwy gSa ftUgsa
vkidks gj ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls xqtjrs gq, cpkuk]laokjuk] [kq'kcqnkj cukuk gSA vkidh Hkwfedk
,d le>nkj ekyh dh rjg gS tks laLdkj :ih [kkn Mkyrs le; ,d gkFk esa [kqjik Hkh
pykrk gS rks nwljs gkFk ls ikuh dh flapkbZ Hkh nsrk gSA ikS/s ij tc vfrfjDr >kM+ vk
tkrk gS rks og bldh dVkbZ Hkh djrk gS rFkk /wi vFkok lnhZ dh vf/drk esa ikS/s ds
Åij Nk;k Hkh djrk gSA ifjokj esa jgrs gq, vk, fnu ifjfLFkfr;k¡ cnyrh jgrh gSa vr%
vkidks Hkh viuk fir`Ùo ypdhyk cukuk gksrk gS vko';drk iM+us ij MkaVuk Hkh iM+
ldrk gS tcfd T;knkrj fLFkfr;ksa esa flQZ I;kj ds }kjk le>k cq>kdj dke pyk;k tk
ldrk gSA cPps lnSo okrkoj.k ls vf/d lh[krs gSa vr% muds bnZ fxnZ ,slk O;ogkj iSnk
dhft, tks vki pkgrs gSaA T;ksa T;ksa vkids cPps c<+rs gSa vkidks Hkh mudh c<+rh Åej
ds lkFk vius O;ogkj esa ifjorZu ykus dh vko';drk gS D;ksafd vc mls I;kj dh t:jr
gS rks dHkh mls MkaV dh Hkh [kqjkd pkfg, gksrh gS tks mlds fy, thou ds vk;ke rS;kj
djrh gSA vr% vius O;ogkj dks Hkh ifjfLFkfrtU; cukdj cPpksa ds fodkl ds lkFk bls
tksM+rs tk;sa rks budk T;knk fodkl laHko gSA
9- cPpksa ds lkFk [ksfy, %& [ksy cPps dks LoLFk j[kus ds lkFk mls vuq'kk'ku
esa jguk fl[kykrk gSA [ksy ds nkSjku vki vius cPps ds O;ogkj rFkk vius ckjs esa cgqr
dqN tku ldrs gksA cPpksa ds lkFk [ksyus ls cPpksa esa ^^vkidh eSa dnj djrk g¡w] vkids
fy, esjk fderh le; Hkh U;kSNkoj gS] eSa vkids lkFk g¡w** vkfn Hkkoksa dks mRiUu djrk gS
rFkk cPps esa thr dk vkÙefo’ okl iSnk djrk gSA [ksy ds le; dks cckZnh le>us dh
vis{kk vkids cPps ds fy, bldks viuh bZUoSLVeSaV le>sa tks cM+s gksus ij mlds fy,
eSP;wj gksdj C;kt nsrh gSA blds vfrfjDr ,d csgrj bulku cukdj vki viuk gh ugha
cPps dk Hkh thou /U; dj jgs gSaA cPps ds lkFk [ksyrs le; fu;eksa dk cks> ml ij
er yknsa vU;Fkk mldks Lo;a [ksy 'kq: djus nsa rFkk fu;e Hkh mls gh r; djus nsaA ,slk
djus ls cPpk lh[kus rFkk eSust djus ds Hkko ls ifjiwfjr gksrk gS rFkk muesa vkÙe
lEeku Hkh c<+rk gSA
[ksy ds nkSjku viuk è;ku [ksy ij ugha cfYd cPps ij yxk;sa blls mlesa ^^esjk [;ky
j[kk tk jgk gS] eSa Lis'ky gw¡** vkfn Hkkoksa dk tUe gksrk gS tks vkidks vius cw<+kis esa
mlds }kjk feyuk gSA blds vfrfjDr vkidks cPpksa ds lkFk [ksyus ls fnekxh 'kqdqu rFkk
vkfÙed 'kk¡fr feyrh gS tks fd djksM+ksa [kpZ djus ij Hkh dgha ugha feyrh gSA
7

9. 10- vius cPps dks lQyrk dh jkg pyk;sa %&ekufld n`f"V ls lQyrk
vkarfjd [kq'kh dk vglkl gS tcfd lkekftd ifjis{k esa ;g ,d çfrLi/kZ gSA thr gkj
thou dh ifjfLFkfr;k¡ gSa ftUgsa gesa pkgrs gq, vkSj u pkgrs gq, Hkh xys yxkuk iM+rk gSA
ijUrq nksuksa gh fLFkfr;ksa esa cPpk dSls çfrfØ;k djrk gS ;gh eq[;r% ns[kus okyh ckr gSA
thr esa cPpk lq%[kn eglwl djs vkSj gkj esa vkxs ds fy, vPNk djus dh lksps ;gh
mldk lgh ikyu iks"k.k gSA ;fn og thr esa nwljksa dks uhpk fn[kkus dh lksprk gS rFkk
gkj esa viuk flj uhps >qdk gqvk eglwl djrk gS rks ;g fpark dh fLFkfr gSA mls nksuksa gh
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa le jguk fl[kyk;sa rFkk gkSlyk c<+k;sa ;gh vkidk dÙkZO; gSA tks cPpk gj
ifjLFkfr esa le jguk lh[k ysxk okLro esa ogh thou dk fotsrk gksrk gS ,slk vkidks Hkh
Lohdkj dj ysuk pkfg,A
gj dk;Z esa cPps dh lgk;rk djuk mlesa ;ksX;rk ds xq.k c<+krk gS rFkk cPps dk ml
fo"k; esa fuiq.k gksuk mlesa vuq'kk'ku dks c<+kok nsrk gSA ;fn vkidks cPps esa fdlh fo"k;
esa deh yxrh gS rks lgk;rk rFkk cpko dh rduhd viukdj mldks vkxs c<+k;saA
lgk;rk ls mlesa vkxs c<+us dk gkSlyk c<+rk gS tcfd cpko ls mlesa ck/kvksa ls yM+us
dh {kerk c<+rh gSA ,slk djus ds fy, ifj.kke dh fpark fd, fcuk mls vk¡[kksa] Vp rFkk
è;ku dsafær dj Qksdl dhft, rFkk thr ugha gkSlyk c<+kus esa mldh enn dhft,A mls
Hkjkslk gksus nhft, fd vki mldh lQyrk ds fy, ugha cfYd mlds I;kj ds fy, ,slk
dj jgs gSaA mldh fotsrk VªkfQ;ksa dks vius ?kj dh pkj fnokfj;ksa ij yxk;s] ,Yce cuok;sa
rFkk mls ckj ckj vki ns[krs gq, çsfjr djsaA
11- cPps dks xfy;ksa dk jktk cukus dh vis{kk ?kj dk jktdqekj ?kksf"kr
djsa %& ge vius cPps dks xfy eksgYys esa [ksyus ds fy, blfy, Hkstrs gSa fd mls
vYx vYx fLFkfr;ksa esa vius vkidks ,MtSLV djuk vk, rFkk og viuh bPNk eqrkfcd
vius nksLr fe=k pqusA ijarq ;kn jgs fd ;g tgkt dks fcuk dSIVu ds leqnz esa Hkstus ds
leku gS vr% le; fudkydj Lo;a le; le; ij tk;sa rFkk ns[ksa fd cPpk fdu rFkk
dSls cPpksa ds lkFk [ksyrk gSA okfil vkus ij mlds O;ogkj dks ns[ksa rFkk mlls [ksy ds
ckjs esa tkurs gq, ogk¡ ekStwn yksxksa dh tkudkjh rFkk mldh viuh ilan dh tkudkjh ysaA
le;kuqlkj mls vius nksLrksa dks ?kj es ykus ds fy, dgsa rFkk cPpk ikVhZ ds }kjk mldk
gkSalyk c<+k;sa rkfd mls Lo;a dh egÙork dk irk pysA ,slh fLFkfr esa mlds nksLrksa dks
mldh fo'ks"krkvksa dh tkudkjh nsa rFkk xzqi esa eglwl dh tkus okyh xfYr;ksa dks Hkh I;kj
ls mtkxj dj mls nksckjk u nksgjkus nsus ds fy, le>k;saA cPps dks vius nksLr Lo;a pquus
nsa rFkk mu ij utj j[k dj muds xq.k voxq.k tkudj mls vkxs c<+us vFkok ihNs jgus
dh lykg nsaA
cPps dk vkÙe fo'okl rFkk gkSlyk vius ?kj ds ekgkSy ls 'kq: gksrk gSA tks cPps vius
ekrk firk ls T;knk vVSp gksrs gSa os ckgj Hkh vYx fLFkfr;ksa dks csgrj <+ax ls gSaMy dj
ldrs gSa ,sls gksus ds fy, igys mls vius vki esa csgrj eglwl gksuk t:jh gSA lk/kj.k
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa cPpk psruk ls vopsruk dh vksj fodlhr gksrk gS rFkk u;s vuqHkoksa dks
lh[kuk pkgrk gSA 'kehZank gksuk dksbZ voxq.k ugha gS cPps dk ubZ fLFkfr;ksa esa <+kyus ds
8

10. fy, yxus okyk le; gS rFkk ,sls esa cPpk cgqr vf/d laca/ksa dh vis{kk pqus gq, laca/
gh ilan djrk gSA
cPps dk ckj ckj chekj gksuk ;k cgkus ckth djuk Lo;a n'kkZrk gS fd og vkils vVSpeSaV
pkgrk gS vr% ckj ckj mls MkDVj ds ikl igqapkus ls csgrj gS mlds I;kj esa vk, ruko
dks nwj dhft, D;ksafd Hkkoukvksa ls gh chekjh 'kjhj esa ?kj djrh gS dbZ ckj leL;k;sa 'kjhj
esa ugha cfYd mldh Hkkoukvksa esa Nqih gksrh gSa ijUrq ,slk mldk O;ogkj Hkh u cuus nsaA
dbZ ckj cPps I;kj ikus ds fy, fcekjh dk cgkuk djrs gSaA
12- vius cPps ij iM+us okys Ldwy ds çHkkoksa dks tkusa %& Ldwy dk
okrkoj.k Hkh dbZ ckj cPps ds fy, [krjk gks ldrk gS ijUrq ;fn cPps dks vius ikyd
ij fo'okl gS rks og Ldwy esa iSnk gq, ekgkSy dks Hkh ,MtSLV dj ysrk gSA ijUrq ;fn og
vius [ksy ds joS;s ls gh tqM+k jguk pkgrk gS vFkok fdlh ckr ls ijs'kku gS rks ,slh
fLFkfr esa mlds fnekx esa ruko iSnk gksrk gS rFkk og xqLlk ,oa vizlUurk çdV djrk gS
ftudk fujkdj.k vko';d gS vkSj og Hkh vkids }kjk mls le>k cq>kdj vFkok fLFkfr;ksa
esa cnyko ykdj rFkk Ldwy dh utj esa mls ykdj bldk fujkdj dhft,A è;ku jgs ,slh
voLFkk u rks vkids vf/d çfrfØ;k djus dh gS vkSj u gh lks tkus vFkok ykijokg gks
tkus dh cPps dks igys vius Lrj ij le>k dj mlds lkFk [ksy [ksy esa oSlk ekgkSy
cukdj nwljksa esa lekfgr gksus dh dyk dk fodkl dhft, rFkk Lo;a ekgkSy esa tkdj
mldk vkuan ysuk fl[kykbZ;s rkfd og viuh chfyQ oSY;w dk R;kx Hkh u djs vkSj
ekgkSy esa ,MtSLV Hkh gksA cPps dk eu dPps ?kM+s ds leku gksrk gS tks gj ifjfLFkfr esa
ypdhyk gksus ds lkFk lkFk vfXu esa idus dks Hkh rS;kj gksrk gS ijUrq mlesa fdlh çdkj
dk ruko ,oa ekSM+ u iM+us ik;s ;s vkidks laHkkyuk gSA
13- vius cPps dks ftEesnkfj;k¡ lkSafi, %& cPpksa dk fnekx 'kSrku ds fnekx
tSlk gksrk gS tks dHkh fuV~Byk ugha cSBuk pkgrk gSaA mls gj le; dksbZ u dksbZ ps"Vk
pkfg, gksrh gSA vr% fuÙ;çfr ds dk;ksZa esa mldh ;ksX;rk dks le>rs gq, mls vius ?kj]
ckgj ds dk;ksZa esa lnSo dke nhft, rFkk mlds iwjk gksus ij gkSlyk c<+kbZ;s rFkk ;fn dksbZ
uqd'kku gksrk gS rks mlds fy, mls MkafV, er ;|fi vkxs vkSj vPNk djus dk gkSlyk
nhft,A blls cPps esa Lokyacu ,oa usr`Ùo xq.k {kerk dk fodkl gksrk gSA ftEesnkjh dk
,glkl mls Lo;a dh ftEesnkjh mBkus ds fy, leFkZ cukrk gSA
Ckxokuh] ?kj ds crZu ,oa lQkbZ] Vscy rFkk fdrkcksa dh lkQ lQkbZ ,oa diM+s lQkbZ ds
vfrfjDr cPpksa dh ns[kHkky rFkk MfLVax vkfn ,sls dk;Z gSa tks gesa mudh Åej rFkk
LeFkZrk vuqlkj lkSai nsus pkfg,saA dkj dh lQkbZ] LdwVj dh lQkbZ bR;kfn ls cPpk vius
vkidks ekrk firk ds dk;Z esa Hkkxhnkj le>rk gS rFkk xoZ eglwl djrk gSA
14- cPpksa dks vius fopkj çdV djus nsa %& viuh Hkkoukvksa dks çdV djus
ls cPpksa esa lSal vkQ g~;wej dk fodkl gksrk gS rFkk Mj dh Hkkouk ij dqBkjk?kkr gksrk
gSA vr% cPpksa dks gj fLFkfr esa vius fopkj çdV djus nsa rFkk 'kk¡r Hkko ls lquus dh
vknr MkysaA tc os vius mn~xkj çdV dj pqds gksa mlds ckn muds ewM vuqlkj mUgha
fopkjksa dks mlh ds lkeus nksgjk;sa rFkk mlds Qk;ns ;k uqd'kku dks viuh ikfjokfjd
9

11. laLdkjksa ls tksM+dj ugha cfYd lekt ls tksM+dj bldk rVLFk ewY;kadu dhft,A è;ku jgs
,slh fLFkfr esa dHkh Hkh vius fopkjksa dks muij FkkSaius dk ç;kl er dhft, ;fn cPpk
,slk eglwl djrk gS rks ml fLFkfr esa mls Vky nsa ,oa mlds fopkjksa dks lqusA ,slh fLFkfr
esa tgk¡ lquus ds ewM esa gks rFkk ,sls yksx ekStwn gksa tgk¡ og viuh rkfjQ lqu ldrk gS
mUgha fopkjksa dks fdlh dgkuh ds utfj;s ls çLrqr dhft, rc og vius fopkjksa esa vo';
ifjorZu yk;sxkA
cPpksa esa eSP;wjVh dk fodkl /hjs /hjs gksrk gSA Hkkoukvksa dks O;Dr djus ls cPps esa cwjh
vFkok vPNh fLFkfr esa vius vkidks larqfyr djus dh dyk dk fodkl gksrk gSA vkidks
dsoy ifjfLFkfrtU; çfrfØ;k dks lq/kjuk gS u fd mldh vfHkO;fDr dksA tks cPpk dHkh
Hkkoukvksa dks O;Dr ugha djrk og fjtoZ gks tkrk gS tks vf/d O;Dr djrk gS og
ok;ySaV gks tkrk gS vr% vkidks nksuksa fLFkfr;ksa esa larqyu dk;e djus dk dk;Z djuk gS
rFkk viuh eSP;wjVh dk ifjp; nsrs gq, mls viuh Hkkoukvksa dks O;Dr djrs gq, urhts
ij igqapus dk vH;kl djokuk gS u fd yach pkSM+h O;oLFkkvksa dk tky fcNkdj mls dkcw
djuk gSA è;ku jf[k, mldk çfrfØ;k djuk Hkh nch gqbZ Hkkoukvksa dk çdVhdj.k gS tks
gj voLFkk esa U;wVªy Hkh gksuk pkfg,A Hkkoukvksa dks nckuk u rks cPps ds fy, mfpr gS]
u gh vkids fy, vkSj u gh vki nksuksa ds laca/ksa ds fy,A bUgsa nckus ls cPpk le>rk gS
fd Hkkoukvksa dh vfHkO;fDr ls vkidh Hkkouk;sa gVZ gksrh gSa vFkok vki mldh Hkkoukvksa
dk vknj ugha djrs gSaA nksuksa gh fLFkfr;ksa esa cPpk le>rk gS fd Hkkoukvksa dks O;Dr
djuk gh xYr gS rFkk ;s mlds fnekx esa tkdj ;knksa dk :i /kj.k dj ysrh gS tks mls
rkmez ijs'kku djrh gSaA cPpksa ds utfj;s ls ;fn mudh Hkkoukvksa dk vknj ugha gS rks
mudh Hkh ?kj esa dksbZ dher ugha gSA
cPps dk eu ,d 'kk¡r ysd dh rjg gS tks cká çHkkoksa ls çHkkfor gksdj FkksM+s le; rd
xeZ] BaMh rFkk v'kk¡r gks tkrh gS ijUrq cká fLFkfr;ksa ds cnyrs gh Lo;aeso gh 'k¡kr gks
tkrh gSA cká çHkkoksa ds dkj.k gh mlesa Hkkoukvksa dk Tokj iSnk gqvk gS ftls 'kk¡r gksus
ds fy, vfHkO;fDr pkfg, rFkk vfHkO;fDr ds iwjk gksrs gksrs gh ;g Lo;a gh vius ç'uksa
ds mÙkj çkIr djrk gS tks fd fØ;k çfrfØ;k fl¼kar ij vk/kfjr gSA gesa ,slh fLFkfr esa
okpMksx cudj cPps ls mldh dgkuh lquuh gS rFkk dsoy vka[kksa }kjk mls xkSj ls ns[kuk
gS vkSj var esa viuk rVLFk fopkj O;Dr djuk gSA ;fn vkidks yxrk gS fd vHkh mldh
mRdaBk 'kk¡r ugha gqbZ gS rks mijksDr çfØ;k }kjk mldh Hkkoukvksa dks vo'; 'kk¡r dhft,
vU;Fkk blds dbZ nq"ifj.kke Hkh lkeu vk ldrs gSa ijUrq lko/kuh iwoZd dgh vki NksVh
NksVh mRdaBkvksa dks Hkh fry dk rkM+ cukus dh dksf'k'k esa u my> tk;saA gj Hkkouk dh
vfHkO;fDr rFkk mlds ihNs Nqih gqbZ laHkkoukvksa dks vki Lo;a vius Lrj ij Hkh gy dj
ldrs gSa rFkk mldh eSfjV rFkk fMeSfjV dk fu/kZj.k dj ldrs gSaA ;g vko';d ugha gS
fd gj ckr esa cgqr cM+h xaHkhj leL;k Nqih gksrh gS vFkok dbZ ckj NksVh ckr Hkh cgqr
xaHkhj gks ldrh gSA vkidk bu leL;kvksa dh vksj è;ku tkuk Hkh vfr vko';d ,oa
vifjgk;Z gSA
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12. 15- vius cPps ds d.kZ/kj cusa %& ekrk firk ds ukrs vkidk cPpk vkidh
viuh çksMDV gS rFkk Hkxoku us vkidks mlls lacaf/r gj leL;k ,oa fodkl dh pkch nh
gSA vr% ftEesokjh ysa rFkk vius cPps ds lkFk vkÙe Lrj ij tqM+uk lh[ksaA gj jkst le;
fudky dj vius cPps ds Hkfo"; dk fuekZ.k djuk lh[ksaA è;ku voLFkk esa cSBdj vFkok
=kkVd voLFkk esa vius cPps dh QksVks vFkok best dks lkeus ykdj mldks og lc
crkuk vkjaHk djsa tks vki mlls pkgrs gSaA vius dks ije~ dk nwr ekudj vius cPps dks
oks lHkh dqN nhft, tks vki mlds HkkX; esa nsuk pkgrs gSaA ;fn vkidk cPpk i<+kbZ
fy[kkbZ esa detksj gS rks Hkkouk dhft, fd vki leLr lalkj dk fo"k; laca/h Kku mlds
efLr"d esa çokfgr dj jgsa gS rFkk vkidk cPpk fnuksa fnuksa pqLr pkykd rFkk rst gksrk
tk jgk gSA ;fn vkidks yxrk gS vkidk cPpk ;knkLr esa detksj gS rks mls ;kn 'kfDr ls
vksrçksr dhft,A ;fn vkidks yxrk gS og fdlh [ksy esa detksj gS rks og [ksy mlds
lkFk [ksyus ds lkFk lkFk mlesa ml [ksy dh detksjh ls lacaf/r 'kfDr dk lapkj dhft,A
vkidks yxrk gS cPpk chekj gS rks mldh chekjh ls lacaf/r ÅtkZ dk lapkj mldh QksVks
vFkok mlds efLr"d ,oa vaxksa dks Hksft, rFkk ,slk rc rd djrs tkbZ;s rc rd
vkidks mldh fLFkfr esa lq/kj u yxsA blds vfrfjDr vki cSBdj mlds fgr dh mu
lHkh ckrksa ij fopkj dhft, tks mlesa vki iuirs ns[kuk pkgrs gSa rks bls viuk mís';
le> dj ykxw dhft,A
vki tks Hkh xq.k vius cPps esa iuius nsuk pkgrs gSa mu xq.kksa dks ;k rks vius thou esa
viukdj mlds lkeus oSlk dhft, vU;Fkk ekufld çR;{khdj.k fØ;k }kjk mlesa mu xq.kksa
dk lapkj dhft,A ;fn vkidk cPpk fdlh Hkh 'kkjhfjd detksjh ls xzLr gS vFkok mldh
dksbZ Hkh chekjh vkids lkeus vkrh gS rks mlds lek/ku dh ÅtkZ dks ml rd igqapkbZ;sA
bl lkjh fØ;k ds nkSjku dHkh Hkh vius vgadkj dks chp esa u vkus nsa rFkk dsoy vkSj
dsoy ijekÙek dk çfrfuf/ cudj lkjh O;oLFkk dks viuh varvkZÙek dh xgjkbZ;ksa ls
djrs jgSaA ;fn vkidks ^fjfd*fpfdRlk dk Kku gS rks ;g vkidks blesa cgqr egÙoiw.kZ
;ksxnku ns ldrh gSA gj dfBu ifjfLFkfr esa vki mlds lkFk py ldrs gSa mnkgj.k ds
rkSj ij ?kj ls ckgj vFkok nwj tkus ij vki mldks vius gkFkksa esa [ksyrk gqvk ns[ksa rFkk
vuqHko dhft, fd ijekÙek dh N=kNk;k mlds bnZ fxnZ lqj{kk ?ksjk cukdj mldh j{kk
dj jgh gSA blds vfrfjDr ijh{kk ds fnuksa esa mlds gj ,d ç'u dk mÙrj vki mls
vkfÙed 'kfDr }kjk laçsf"kr dj jgs gSaA ijh{kk ds le; vki Lo;a ml fLFkfr esa vius
vkidks vuqHko djsa rFkk ije~ lÙrk ls tqM+dj ijh{kk gky esa fopkjksa }kjk igqapdj mlesa
Kku dk lapkj djsaA
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