QE. Strength of Ties under conditions of anonymity
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QE. Strength of Ties under conditions of anonymity
- 1. Strength of ties in a mobile community under conditions of anonymity Herbert Eng, IGS-IMI (New Media) Assoc. Prof Patrick Williams (Sociology) Asst. Prof Chew Lock Yue(Social Physics) Asst. Prof Kenneth Feinstein (Media Philosophy) Furtherance in typifying dimensions of discursive anonymity in mobile youth culture
- 2. Research into new anonymous social networks Whisper: US$200M Secret: US$50M
- 3. Exploring discursive anonymity’s effect on the amplitude of strong and weak tiesin a community
- 4. Getting better data leveraging multiple (hopefully) communities
- 5. How to improveExternal validity ↑ Error Margin ↓ Lengthen data collection from one-time snapshots to longitudinal field experimentsImproving size of analysisMove away from artificial, laboratory settings
- 6. Goals •Demonstrate viability of a crowdsourcedway of obtaining social science data through civic mediaimplementations •any form of communication that strengthens the social bonds within a community or creates a strong sense of civic engagement •Establish some baseline social research in the area of mobile social applications featuring anonymous sharing •Develop social insights: gossip being a necessary mechanism to maintain social bonds •Reinvigorate civic participation (Resnick2011)
- 7. Purpose •Investigate effects of various conditions of discursive anonymity •Identity condition (Anonymity vs. Pseudonymity) •Group Authentication: Present vs. Absent •Dependent Variables •Self-disclosure •Social cohesion –Bonding social capital (strong ties) –Bridging social capital (weak ties)
- 8. Research Questions •RQ1: Do pseudonymous contexts significantly differ from anonymous contexts in terms of self- disclosure and social capital accrued? •RQ2: Do partially-authenticated accounts significantly differ from non-authenticated accounts in terms of the social capital accrued? •RQ3: Does collective engagement in conversational gossip improve social cohesion within a community?
- 9. 2 x 2 Full Factorial A B C D RQ1: Identity Representation Anonymous Pseudonymous RQ2: Authentication Present Absent
- 10. Identity Representation CopresenceSense of Belonging Self-disclosure Bridging Social Capital Bonding Social CapitalAuthentication CopresenceSense of Belonging Self-disclosure Bridging Social Capital Bonding Social Capital
- 11. Community Scale Project •Data collection application disguised as a social app will be built, launched and marketed to gain strong traction from local and overseas schools, colleges and universities •Each confession post will allow students to judge whether a confession is True or False
- 12. FessupDesign Philosophy •Unrestricted broadcast •Instrumental: Ability to do so •Psychological: Pressure of repercussions •Pseudonyms •Allow persistent reputation building •Behavioralcontrol mechanism •Distinguishable from each other (as opposed to the collective anon) •Authentication •Homophilyeffects –activating positive feelings through controlled disclosure of some shared attribute
- 13. How to regulate behavior in anonymous conversations? •Self control mechanism: reputation associated with a pseudonym •Community moderation: other users get to outright accept and reject posts (as opposed to upvotesand downvotes)
- 17. B) Pseudonymous + Authenticated C) Anonymous + Unauthenticated A) Anonymous + Authenticated True/False responses (you can only choose one!)
- 18. Methodology: Longitudinal Field Experiment •Focus on how the conditions are manipulated based on the natural behaviorof participants on Fessup •users who most frequently post anonymouslybut are authenticated-> condition A •users who most frequently post pseudonymouslywithout being authenticated-> condition D •After a three month period, a questionnaire will be released within the app
- 19. Variables at a glance •Independent Variables •Anonymity: Anonymous vs. Pseudonymous •Authentication: Present vs. Absent •Dependent Variables •CollectiveBehavior: Frequency of resharingfor posts as population ensemble •Individual Behavior: Frequency of posting •Individual Behavior: Frequency of resharing •Individual Behavior: Frequency of commenting •Self-disclosure •Bridging social capital •Bonding social capital •Mediators/Moderators •Sense of belonging to school •Copresence •Control Variables •Age
- 20. Timeline Nov Dec Development 2015 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Launch Growing traction Growing traction, Analytics dev Alpha Questionnaire Analyses, Adjustments to model Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Beta Questionnaire Analyses, Adjustments to model, Thesis writing Reading in conjunction with classes Thesis writing, Analytics dev 2016 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun 1st Questionnaire Analyses, Adjustments to model, Thesis writing 2nd Questionnaire Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Thesis writing
- 21. Thesis Chapters •1. The Evolution of Internet Pseudonymity •2. Mobile communities •3. Gossip and the strength of ties •4. Fessupdesign philosophy •5. Fessupand a longitudinal field experiment •6. Discussion of results and further insights
- 22. Thesis Chapters •1. The Evolution of Internet Pseudonymity •The original pseudonymityexperiment was the Internet itself and online social spaces present today, whether of a channel in a massively multiplayer online game or a discussion forum, could be said to have evolved from early iterantssuch as IRC. This chapter attempts to lay out the history of persona representation in the Internet Chatroom. •2. Mobile communities •Research on mobile cultures have seen significant contribution. This chapter discusses the contributions most significant to the current research. •3. Gossip and the strength of ties •An attempt to connect gossip from an evolutionary perspective with the amplitude of social cohesion in an community, within the context of always-on and ever copresent mobile-connected communities. •4. Fessupdesign philosophy •The various social scientific insights that serve as guidance in designing Fessup •5. Fessupand a longitudinal field experiment •A year long social experiment with four rounds of data collection •6. Discussion of results and further insights