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The Nature and Treatment of Anxiety Disorders Dr. Randi McCabe Associate Director, Anxiety Treatment & Research Centre  St. Joseph’s Healthcare Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Sciences,  McMaster University McMaster Mini Med School
Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Case of Jason S. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Case of Jason S. continued… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Nature of Anxiety and Fear ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Three Components of Anxiety ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Physical Component ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Cognitive Component ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The  Behavioural Component ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is a Panic Attack? An episode of intense fear or discomfort that peaks rapidly (within 10 minutes) and in which at least 4 of the following symptoms were experienced: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Anxiety Disorders ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prevalence and Age of   Onset   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Panic Disorder   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Agoraphobia Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing in the event of a panic attack  Examples   Enclosed Places  Standing in Lines  Driving  Public Transportation Being Alone  Crowds  Shopping Malls and Supermarkets
Specific Phobia Excessive fear of a specific object or situation causing significant distress or impairment Common Specific Phobias   Animals and Insects  Blood and Injections  Heights  Storms or Water  Flying  Enclosed Places  Driving Choking Vomiting
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) Intense fear of social or performance situations causing significant distress or impairment Common Feared Situations   Parties Meetings  Public Speaking  Performing  Eating, Drinking, or Writing in Public  Crowded Places Initiating and/or Maintaining Conversations
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Recurrent and persistent  Obsessions   intrusive thoughts, impulses, images  and/or  Compulsions   repetitive behaviours or mental acts  Symptoms cause marked distress or impairment Time consuming (more than 1 hour/day)
 
Obsessions Contamination Obsessions Excessive Doubting  Need for Symmetry  Accidental Harm to Others  Aggressive Obsessions Religious Obsessions  Accidental Harm to Others Compulsions Checking  Washing and Cleaning Need to Ask or Confess  Symmetry and Precision  Hoarding  Repeating Actions or Words
Hoarding
Generalized Anxiety Disorder Excessive Worry About Work Family and Children Health Finances Minor Matters Worry occurs most days (for at least 6 months) Difficult to control worry Associated with disturbed sleep, irritability, restlessness, poor concentration, fatigue, muscle tension
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Exposure to a traumatic event Reaction to the event involves extreme fear Symptoms Reexperiencing of the trauma  Avoidance of trauma-related cues Numbing of emotional responsiveness Chronic overarousal
The Case of Jason S. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Anxiety and Panic:  An Integrated Causal Model   Biological Factors Psychological Factors Environmental Factors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Psychological Treatments  Biological Treatments  Medications
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Medications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Medications ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
"Of course you're furious over the price of your medication,  Mr. Grimwald -that's one of its side effects”
Choosing a Medication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Treatment Options
The Case of Jason S. ,[object Object],[object Object]

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Anxiety Mini Med

  • 1. The Nature and Treatment of Anxiety Disorders Dr. Randi McCabe Associate Director, Anxiety Treatment & Research Centre St. Joseph’s Healthcare Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Sciences, McMaster University McMaster Mini Med School
  • 2.
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  • 14. Agoraphobia Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing in the event of a panic attack Examples Enclosed Places Standing in Lines Driving Public Transportation Being Alone Crowds Shopping Malls and Supermarkets
  • 15. Specific Phobia Excessive fear of a specific object or situation causing significant distress or impairment Common Specific Phobias Animals and Insects Blood and Injections Heights Storms or Water Flying Enclosed Places Driving Choking Vomiting
  • 16. Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) Intense fear of social or performance situations causing significant distress or impairment Common Feared Situations Parties Meetings Public Speaking Performing Eating, Drinking, or Writing in Public Crowded Places Initiating and/or Maintaining Conversations
  • 17. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Recurrent and persistent Obsessions intrusive thoughts, impulses, images and/or Compulsions repetitive behaviours or mental acts Symptoms cause marked distress or impairment Time consuming (more than 1 hour/day)
  • 18.  
  • 19. Obsessions Contamination Obsessions Excessive Doubting Need for Symmetry Accidental Harm to Others Aggressive Obsessions Religious Obsessions Accidental Harm to Others Compulsions Checking Washing and Cleaning Need to Ask or Confess Symmetry and Precision Hoarding Repeating Actions or Words
  • 21. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Excessive Worry About Work Family and Children Health Finances Minor Matters Worry occurs most days (for at least 6 months) Difficult to control worry Associated with disturbed sleep, irritability, restlessness, poor concentration, fatigue, muscle tension
  • 22. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Exposure to a traumatic event Reaction to the event involves extreme fear Symptoms Reexperiencing of the trauma Avoidance of trauma-related cues Numbing of emotional responsiveness Chronic overarousal
  • 23.
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  • 31. "Of course you're furious over the price of your medication, Mr. Grimwald -that's one of its side effects”
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34.