This document compares different strategies for taking distributions from a converted Roth IRA over multiple generations. The standard rollover approach provides distributions to the original owner but none to the surviving spouse. The split benefit Roth IRA approach splits the account upon the original owner's death, providing distributions to both the owner and surviving spouse. The non-spouse split approach splits the account but designates non-spouse beneficiaries rather than the surviving spouse.
Multi-Generational Roth IRA Strategy for Bob and Mary Smith
1. Bob Smith and Mary Smith
Presented by:
Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU
For Evaluation Purposes Only
10735 David Taylor Drive
Suite 350
Charlotte, North Carolina 28262
Email: support@planlab.us
2. Important Notes
These pages depict certain wealth preservation strategies concerning possible methods for taking distributions from your qualified retirement plan. For purposes of
this analysis, several of your qualified retirement plans may be aggregated and shown as one single plan. This report provides only broad, general guidelines, which
may be helpful in shaping your thinking about and discussing your wealth preservation needs with your professional advisors. This report provides estimates based
on our general understanding of current tax laws.
Each scenario shown illustrates your current situation or an alternative strategy and its possible effects on the financial situation you provided. Inclusion of one or
more of these strategies does not constitute a recommendation of that strategy over any other strategy.
Calculations contained in this analysis are estimates only based on the information you provided, such as the value of your assets today, and the rate at which the
assets appreciate. The actual values, rates of growth, and tax rates may be significantly different from those illustrated. These assumptions are only a “best guess.”
No guarantee can be made regarding values, as all rates are the hypothetical rates you provided. These computations are not a guarantee of future performance of any
asset, including insurance or other financial products.
No legal or accounting advice is being rendered either by this report or through any other oral or written communications. Nothing contained in this report is intended
to be used on any tax form or to support any tax deduction. Unless indicated, the tax aspect of the federal Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax (GSTT) is not reflected.
The GSTT is similar to an additional level of estate tax on certain transfers to grandchildren, or individuals two or more generations removed from the transferor.
State laws vary regarding the distribution of property, and individual circumstances are unique and subject to change. You should discuss all strategies, transfers, and
assumptions with your legal and tax advisors.
To implement a strategy, it may be necessary to restructure the ownership of property, or change designated beneficiaries before specific will or trust provisions,
prepared by the client’s counsel, become effective. The transfer of a life insurance policy may not result in its removal from the estate of the prior owner for three
years.
Strategies may be proposed to support the purchase of various products such as insurance and other financial products. When this occurs, additional information
about the specific product (including a prospectus, if required, or an insurer provided policy illustration) will be provided for your review.
IMPORTANT: The projections or other information generated by this investment analysis tool (Qualified Plan Distribution Analysis) regarding the likelihood of
various investment outcomes are hypothetical in nature, do not reflect actual investment results and are not guarantees of future results.
IRS CIRCULAR 230 NOTICE: To ensure compliance with requirements imposed by the IRS, this notice is to inform you that any U. S. federal tax advice contained
in this presentation is not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, for the purpose of (i) avoiding penalties under the Internal Revenue Code or (ii)
promoting, marketing or recommending to another party any transaction or matter addressed in this presentation.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Version 2.0.0 c. 6.0.0.0
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 2 of 29
3. "Split Benefit Roth IRA"
A Multi-Generational Approach for
Continuing Distributions
for
Bob Smith
and
Mary Smith
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 3 of 29
4. Understanding IRAs, Roth IRAs, Conversions
Key Concepts & Rules
Traditional IRAs
• Contributions are limited to $5,000 for 2009 ($6,000 if 50 or over) and are generally tax deductible.
• If you are covered by a retirement plan at work and your modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) is $89,000 - $109,000 in 2009 (married, filing jointly),
deductibility phases out and is eliminated thereafter. If your spouse is covered by a retirement plan at work, but you are not, the phase out is $166,000 - $176,000
for married, filing joint. (The phase out is $55,000 - $65,000 for single taxpayers.)
• Funds grow tax-deferred, but are taxed as ordinary income upon distribution.
• Minimum distributions are required annually beginning on the Required Beginning Date (RBD1), which is based on your age 70½.
• Distributions taken prior to age 59½ are subject to a 10% early distribution penalty tax, with certain exceptions.
• Distributions after your death (or your spouse's death) are taxed as ordinary income to the beneficiary as distributions are received.
• At your death (or your spouse's death), the entire account value is includible in the gross estate for federal estate tax purposes, and may be subject to estate taxes.
Roth IRAs
• Contributions are limited to $5,000 for 2009 ($6,000 if 50 or over) and are NOT income tax deductible.
• Ability to contribute is phased out if you earn $166,000-$176,000 for married, filing jointly in 2009, and
eliminated thereafter. The phase out is $105,000 - $120,000 for single taxpayers.
• Funds grow tax deferred and are generally not taxable upon withdrawal.
• No minimum distributions are required from Roth IRAs, during your (or your spouse's) lifetime.
• Withdrawals of contributions to Roth IRAs, prior to age 59½, are not subject to the 10% early
withdrawal penalty tax. Withdrawals of earnings within 5 years of establishing a Roth IRA are taxed as
ordinary income. Earnings taken prior to age 59½ are taxed as ordinary income, and may be subject to a
10% early withdrawal penalty tax, with certain exceptions.
• Distributions after your death are received by the beneficiary income-tax free.
• At your death (or your spouse's death), the entire account value is includible in the gross estate for
federal estate tax purposes, and may be subject to estate taxes.
Conversions (from a Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA)
• A Conversion is a taxable event. The entire (or partial) amount of the Traditional IRA (less any non-deductible contributions) is taxable as ordinary income
upon conversion (or distribution). The conversion amount may move you into a higher marginal income tax bracket. Due to a special provision in the tax law, for
amounts converted in 2010, half the conversion can be reported as taxable income in 2011 and the other half is reported in 2012.
• Prior to 2010, if your MAGI exceeds $100,000, you are not eligible to convert a Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA. After 2009, the income limit is eliminated.
• If you pay the taxes out of the Traditional IRA, it will reduce the benefits of the conversion to a Roth IRA, and if you are under age 59½, the amount used to pay
income taxes will be subject to the 10% early distribution penalty tax.
• Withdrawals of converted amounts within 5 years of each separate conversion to Roth IRAs may be subject to a 10% early distribution penalty tax and
withdrawals of earnings may be subject to a 10% early distribution penalty tax and/or taxed as ordinary income.
• Distributions from a Traditional IRA must be deposited into a Roth IRA within 60 days (not applicable for trustee-to-trustee transfers).
• You do not have to convert your entire Traditional IRA. A partial conversion is allowed, but you must follow the same rules as any other distribution regarding
nondeductible contributions.
1
The RBD is no later than April 1st following age 70½ for traditional IRAs, SEPs, SIMPLEs. For qualified retirement plans, the later of April 1 of the year following the year in
which the owner reaches age 70½ or retires, if less than a 5% owner.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 4 of 29
5. Retirement Savings Options
IRA vs. Roth vs. Taxable Accounts
Pay Taxes Now or Later?
The deciding factor between choosing an IRA or Roth
IRA vs. Roth IRA - Values at Retirement
IRA is whether you prefer paying taxes on your Taxes Higher Now Taxes Stay Same Taxes Higher in Retirement
contributions (Roth IRA) or on your distributions
Traditional IRA is Better Options are Equal Roth IRA is Better
(Traditional IRA). So when will your taxes be higher –
during your working years or during retirement? When
comparing, be sure to consider your income level during
each phase (both income and withdrawals from assets),
in addition to potential legislative changes.
The Flexibility of the Roth IRA
A major advantage of the Roth IRA is the flexibility of
distributions before and during retirement:
Traditional IRA Roth IRA Traditional IRA Roth IRA Traditional IRA Roth IRA
• Early Distributions (pre-59½) — Traditional IRAs
may charge a 10% penalty, with some exceptions Traditional IRA Roth IRA Income Taxes
while there is no penalty on withdrawals of
contributions from a Roth IRA
• Required Distributions (after 70½) — Traditional IRAs require minimum
distributions each year, while a Roth IRA has no required distributions for the Roth
IRA owner
The Case Against "Taxable Accounts" (Savings Accounts) $600,000 These graphs compare account
$611,729 balances after 30 years of
Contributions to taxable accounts are made after-tax (just like a Roth IRA), but unlike a $500,000
Roth IRA, interest and dividends generated are taxable each year, and capital gains $5,000 annual contributions
taxes are due when liquidating an investment held for more than a year. This $400,000 (after tax) growing at 8%. All
combination of taxes can significantly reduce your ability to accumulate retirement growth in the taxable account is
$300,000 $361,711
funds over the long-term, and may affect or limit your investment options and the taxed each year at 35% while
frequency of changes to your investments over the long-term. The upside is that there $200,000 the Roth IRA grows tax free.
are no penalties or restrictions on withdrawals from taxable accounts before retirement,
$100,000
making them perfect for short-term savings.
$0
Use taxable accounts for short-term savings. Taxable Roth IRA
Use IRAs and Roth IRAs for long-term retirement funding.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 5 of 29
6. Comparing IRA with Roth IRA Conversion
Hypothetical Sample Conversion of Traditional IRA to Roth IRA
Example:
• Currently age 55 • $1,000,000 IRA growing at an assumed 6%
• Considering conversion to Roth IRA at age 60 • $500,000 Other Assets earning 6% before taxes
• Believes that income tax rates will be higher during
retirement
Traditional IRA Roth IRA Roth IRA Major Difference-Distributions
No Conversion Taxes Using Other Assets for Taxes1 Using IRA for Taxes1
Traditional IRAs
9,000,000
• Must take required minimum
8,000,000
distributions starting at age 70½. (No
7,000,000
distributions required in 2009.)
6,000,000
5,000,000
• Distributions are taxable as ordinary
4,000,000
income.
3,000,000
Roth IRAs
2,000,000
1,000,000 • No required distributions
• Distributions are income tax-free.
55 60 65 70 75 80 85 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 55 60 65 70 75 80 85
Traditional IRA Other Assets Roth IRA The Roth IRA provides a source
Other Other Other
of tax-free income to use or
2
Age IRA Assets Total Roth IRA Assets Total Roth IRA Assets Total leave to heirs.
55 1,000,000 500,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 500,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 500,000 1,500,000
60 1,418,519 651,130 2,069,649 1,418,519 316,574 1,735,093 1,063,889 666,185 1,730,074
65 1,898,299 811,427 2,709,725 1,898,299 396,035 2,294,333 1,423,724 831,714 2,255,438
75 2,700,282 1,593,510 4,293,792 3,399,564 585,518 3,985,082 2,549,673 1,227,897 3,777,569
85 2,825,207 3,360,645 6,185,852 6,088,101 838,001 6,926,101 4,566,075 1,752,932 6,319,007
2
Total Funds at Age 90 Total Funds at Age 90 Total Funds at Age 90
$7,273,841 $9,149,932 $8,205,030
1
For this illustration, income tax rates are assumed to be 25% for 15 years, and 40% thereafter. Example assumes the net distributions after taxes are deposited into the Other
2
Assets.
IRA balance would be subject to income taxation upon distribution or at death.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 6 of 29
7. Decisions Regarding Your Account
Determining How Long Distributions Can Be Taken
Beneficiary Designation—determines who will benefit
from your retirement account and for how long.
It involves:
• Naming the beneficiary(ies)
• Giving a spouse the ability to roll the account over to a Roth IRA
• Deciding if and when to split the account into multiple Roth IRAs
Your choice of beneficiary determines the life expectancy
over which distributions can be taken after your death.
The longer the life expectancy, the longer the distribution period
Proper beneficiary designations "stretch" distributions for a longer period of time
Account Distributions—determine when and how much to
take from your retirement account.
• You may take distributions penalty free starting the later of five years after your
first contribution, or attaining age 59½, subject to a few exceptions.
• You are not required to take distributions during your lifetime.
• Your beneficiaries are required to take distributions from the Roth IRA
according to the same rules as Inherited Traditional IRAs.
• Your beneficiaries' life expectancies are determined annually using the Single
Life Table.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 7 of 29
8. Illustration of Multi-Generational Approaches
Total Distributions Compared
Beginning Account Balance December 31, 2008: $500,000
Converted Roth IRA Converted Split Benefit Roth IRA Converted Split Benefit Roth IRA
Rollover Approach Rollover and Split Approach Non-Spouse Split Approach
Owner's Owner's Owner's
Converted Converted Converted
Roth IRA Roth IRA Roth IRA
Distributions to Bob: $63,347 Distributions to Bob: $63,347 Distributions to Bob: $63,347
Spouse's Roth IRA Continues to
Spouse's Non-Spouse Beneficiaries
Rollover Rollover Roth IRA
Roth IRA
Distributions to Mary: $0 Distributions to Mary: $0 (No Distributions to Spouse)
Decedent's Decedent's Decedent's Decedent's Decedent's Decedent's Decedent's
Roth IRA Roth IRA Roth IRA Roth IRA Roth IRA Roth IRA Roth IRA
Distributions to Beneficiaries: $6,277,618 Distributions to Beneficiaries: $12,076,168 Distributions to Beneficiaries: $10,931,235
Total Distributions: Total Distributions: Total Distributions:
$6,340,966 $12,139,515 $10,994,582
NOTE: See Comparing Multi-Generational Approaches for details.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 8 of 29
9. Comparing Multi-Generational Approaches
An Explanation of Different Techniques
Converted Roth IRA Converted Split Benefit Roth IRA Converted Split Benefit Roth IRA
Rollover Approach Rollover and Split Approach Non-Spouse Split Approach
• You convert your Traditional IRA to a Roth • You convert your Traditional IRA to a Roth • You convert your Traditional IRA to a Roth
IRA and name Mary as your primary IRA and name Mary as your primary IRA and take distributions of $63,347 during
beneficiary for this Roth IRA. You take beneficiary for this Roth IRA. You take your lifetime.
distributions of $63,347 during your lifetime distributions of $63,347 during your lifetime • At your death, the Roth IRA is split into
and, at your death, Mary rolls over the Roth and, at your death, Mary rolls over the Roth separate Roth IRAs with named beneficiaries.
IRA. IRA. Distributions continue to each beneficiary
• Mary names beneficiaries for the Roth IRA. • At your death, Mary rolls over the Roth IRA. based on his or her life expectancy. The
Mary's lifetime distributions are $0. Mary's lifetime distributions are $0. distributions1 to the beneficiaries are
• At Mary's death, if the Roth IRA does not split • At Mary's death, the Roth IRA is split into $10,931,235.
into separate shares, distributions continue to separate Roth IRAs with named beneficiaries.
each beneficiary based on the oldest Distributions continue to each beneficiary
beneficiary's life expectancy. The distributions1 based on his or her life expectancy. The
to the beneficiaries are $6,277,618. distributions1 to the beneficiaries are
$12,076,168.
Total Distributions: Total Distributions: Total Distributions:
$6,340,966 $12,139,515 $10,994,582
1
Although the intent is to show the beneficiaries stretching the distributions over as many years as possible, each beneficiary could elect to take his or her share in a lump sum.
The estimated lump sum available at the spouse's death in the Converted Roth IRA Rollover Approach would be $1,826,832 to be split among all named beneficiaries. The
estimated lump sum available at the spouse's death in the Converted Split Benefit Roth IRA Rollover and Split Approach would be $1,826,832 to be split among all named
beneficiaries. The estimated lump sum available at the owner's death in the Converted Split Benefit Roth IRA Non-Spouse Split Approach would be $1,302,506 to be split
among all named beneficiaries.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 9 of 29
10. Converted Roth IRA—Roth IRA Rollover Approach
A Multi-Generational Approach for Continuing Distributions
Bob's IRA
IRA Value Now (2008): $500,000
Death Assumed (age 75): $1,302,506
Bob's death assumed in 2024. No $63,347
income or estate tax due on Roth Distributions during
IRA at death. Bob's lifetime
Mary rolls over the value at Bob's death.
Value of Mary's Rollover Roth IRA in 2025: $1,302,506
The estate must have
liquidity of $801,369 for
federal estate taxes
attributable to the Roth Mary dies in 2029. Values $0
IRA to provide the total included in estate. Distributions during
distributions shown on Mary's lifetime
this page.
At Mary's death, minimum distributions continue to each beneficiary
based on the life expectancy of the oldest designated beneficiary.
Total Distributions to:
All Non-Spouse Beneficiaries
$6,277,618
Total distributions during lives of Bob, Mary and beneficiaries: $6,340,966
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 10 of 29
11. Converted Roth IRA—Roth IRA Rollover Approach
A Multi-Generational Approach for Continuing Distributions
Beginning Account Balance December 31, 2008: $500,000
Allocation of Distributions
Income Prem. & Total of
Client Spouse Life1 Earnings &2 Actual3 Taxes4 Non-Prem. Reinvested5 All Other6 Account
Year Age Age Exp. Contributions Distributions Paid Gifts Spending Distributions Assets Balance
2009 60 59 25.2 33,730 19,841 0 0 0 19,841 3,083,394 513,889
2010 61 60 24.4 34,625 21,061 6,118 0 0 14,943 3,163,504 527,453
2011 62 61 23.5 35,486 22,445 6,443 0 0 16,002 3,246,385 540,494
Bob converts the Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA in 2012. Taxes of $162,148 are due on the conversion and are paid from Other Assets.
Allocation of Distributions
Income Prem. & Total of Roth
Client Spouse Life1 Earnings &2 Actual3 Taxes4 Non-Prem. Reinvested5 All Other6 Account
Year Age Age Exp. Contributions Distributions Paid Gifts Spending Distributions Assets Balance
2012 63 62 578,328 0 6,867 0 0 -6,867 3,331,974 578,328
2013 64 63 40,483 0 162,290 0 0 -162,290 3,236,534 618,811
2014 65 64 43,317 0 0 0 0 0 3,304,502 662,128
2015 66 65 46,349 0 0 0 0 0 3,373,896 708,477
2016 67 66 49,593 0 0 0 0 0 3,444,748 758,070
2017 68 67 53,065 0 0 0 0 0 3,517,088 811,135
2018 69 68 56,779 0 0 0 0 0 3,590,947 867,915
2019 70 69 60,754 0 0 0 0 0 3,666,356 928,669
2020 71 70 65,007 0 0 0 0 0 3,743,350 993,675
2021 72 71 69,557 0 0 0 0 0 3,821,960 1,063,233
2022 73 72 74,426 0 0 0 0 0 3,902,221 1,137,659
2023 74 73 79,636 0 0 0 0 0 3,984,168 1,217,295
2024 75 74 85,211 0 0 0 0 0 4,067,836 1,302,506
Bob dies and Mary rolls over the Roth IRA. Total distributions during Bob's lifetime are $63,347.
1
Bob's death is assumed to occur in 2024. Mary is named beneficiary. For Traditional IRA, 403(b) or other Qualified Plans, Bob takes required minimum distributions (RMDs) at
2
age 70½ and calculates life expectancy annually based on the Single Life Expectancy Table. After conversion to Roth IRA, Bob no longer takes RMDs.
3
Assumes qualified plan earns 7.00% interest. Also includes contributions, if any.
For Traditional IRA, 403(b) or other Qualified Plans, Actual Distributions is the greater of pretax distribution required to generate the Desired Distribution (see Assumptions
4
page) or RMD. After conversion to Roth IRA, distributions are assumed to be made from Other Assets during the 5 year holding period after Roth conversion.
Taxes and any applicable penalties are paid at the start of the calendar year following the tax liability. After Roth conversion, includes the estimated income taxes on the
5
Traditional IRA amount converted to Roth IRA. Conversions in year 2010 only will be reported as taxable income
Actual Distributions less Taxes and Penalties, Non-Premium Gifts and Spending. After Roth conversion, Other Assets are used to the extent possible to pay the income taxes
6
on Traditional IRA amounts converted to Roth IRA.
All Other Assets and Cumulative Reinvested Distributions are assumed to earn 3.00% interest and are taxed at a 30.00% income tax rate. Does not include the death benefit of
life insurance.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 11 of 29
12. Converted Roth IRA—Roth IRA Rollover Approach (Continued)
A Multi-Generational Approach for Continuing Distributions
Allocation of Distributions
Income Prem. & Total of Roth
Spouse Life1 Earnings &2 Actual3 Taxes4 Non-Prem. Reinvested5 All Other6 Account
Year Age Exp. Contributions Distributions Paid Gifts Spending Distributions Assets Balance
2025 75 91,175 0 0 0 0 0 4,153,260 1,393,681
2026 76 97,558 0 0 0 0 0 4,240,479 1,491,239
2027 77 104,387 0 0 0 0 0 4,329,529 1,595,626
2028 78 111,694 0 0 0 0 0 4,420,449 1,707,320
2029 79 119,512 0 0 0 0 0 4,505,468 1,826,832
Total distributions during Mary's lifetime are $0. At Mary's death, the Roth IRA is distributed to the named beneficiaries. Estate taxes of $801,369 will be
due on these amounts.
1
2
Bob's death is assumed to occur in 2024. Mary is named beneficiary.
3
Assumes qualified plan earns 7.00% interest. Also includes contributions, if any.
For Traditional IRA, 403(b) or other Qualified Plans, Actual Distributions is the greater of pretax distribution required to generate the Desired Distribution (see Assumptions
4
page) or RMD. After conversion to Roth IRA, distributions are assumed to be made from Other Assets during the 5 year holding period after Roth conversion.
Taxes and any applicable penalties are paid at the start of the calendar year following the tax liability. After Roth conversion, includes the estimated income taxes on the
5
Traditional IRA amount converted to Roth IRA. Conversions in year 2010 only will be reported as taxable income
Actual Distributions less Taxes and Penalties, Non-Premium Gifts and Spending. After Roth conversion, Other Assets are used to the extent possible to pay the income taxes
6
on Traditional IRA amounts converted to Roth IRA.
All Other Assets and Cumulative Reinvested Distributions are assumed to earn 3.00% interest and are taxed at a 30.00% income tax rate. Does not include the death benefit of
life insurance.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 12 of 29
13. Converted Roth IRA—Roth IRA Rollover Approach
Next Generation after Mary's Death
Account Balance: $1,826,832
Life1 Actual2 Account3
Year Age Exp. Distributions Balance
2030 55 29.6 61,717 1,892,993
2031 56 28.6 66,189 1,959,314
2032 57 27.6 70,990 2,025,476
2033 58 26.6 76,146 2,091,114
2034 59 25.6 81,684 2,155,808
2035 60 24.6 87,634 2,219,080
2036 61 23.6 94,029 2,280,386
2037 62 22.6 100,902 2,339,111
2038 63 21.6 108,292 2,394,557
2039 64 20.6 116,241 2,445,935
2040 65 19.6 124,793 2,492,358
2041 66 18.6 133,998 2,532,826
2042 67 17.6 143,911 2,566,213
2043 68 16.6 154,591 2,591,257
2044 69 15.6 166,106 2,606,538
2045 70 14.6 178,530 2,610,466
2046 71 13.6 191,946 2,601,253
2047 72 12.6 206,449 2,576,892
2048 73 11.6 222,146 2,535,128
2049 74 10.6 239,163 2,473,424
2050 75 9.6 257,648 2,388,915
2051 76 8.6 277,781 2,278,359
2052 77 7.6 299,784 2,138,060
2053 78 6.6 323,948 1,963,775
2054 79 5.6 350,674 1,750,566
2055 80 4.6 380,558 1,492,547
2056 81 3.6 414,597 1,182,429
2057 82 2.6 454,780 810,419
2058 83 1.6 506,512 360,636
2059 84 0.6 385,881 0
Total: $6,277,618
1
2
Calculated on December 31 of the year following death and reduced by one each year thereafter.
3
Distributions from Roth IRA are assumed to be income tax free.
Assumes qualified plan earns 7.00% interest.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 13 of 29
14. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Rollover to Spouse and Split
A Multi-Generational Approach for Continuing Distributions
Bob's IRA
IRA Value Now (2008): $500,000
Death Assumed (age 75): $1,302,506
Bob's death assumed in 2024. No $63,347
income or estate tax due on Roth Distributions during
IRA at death. Bob's lifetime
Mary rolls over the value at Bob's death.
Value of Mary's Roth IRA in 2025: $1,302,506
The estate must have
liquidity of $801,369 for
federal estate taxes
attributable to the Roth Mary dies in 2029. Values $0
IRA to provide the total included in estate. Distributions during
distributions shown on Mary's lifetime
this page.
Roth IRA splits into separate shares at Mary's death. Distributions are
based on the life expectancy of each named beneficiary.
Total Distributions to: Total Distributions to: Total Distributions to:
Johnny Sally Sarah
$2,071,614 $2,457,732 $7,546,822
Total distributions during lives of Bob, Mary and beneficiaries: $12,139,515
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 14 of 29
15. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Rollover to Spouse and Split
A Multi-Generational Approach for Continuing Distributions
Beginning Account Balance December 31, 2008: $500,000
Allocation of Distributions
Income Prem. & Total of
Client Spouse Life1 Earnings &2 Actual3 Taxes4 Non-Prem. Reinvested5 All Other6 Account
Year Age Age Exp. Contributions Distributions Paid Gifts Spending Distributions Assets Balance
2009 60 59 25.2 33,730 19,841 0 0 0 19,841 3,083,394 513,889
2010 61 60 24.4 34,625 21,061 6,118 0 0 14,943 3,163,504 527,453
2011 62 61 23.5 35,486 22,445 6,443 0 0 16,002 3,246,385 540,494
Bob converts the Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA in 2012. Taxes of $162,148 are due on the conversion and are paid from Other Assets.
Allocation of Distributions
Income Prem. & Total of Roth
Client Spouse Life1 Earnings &2 Actual3 Taxes4 Non-Prem. Reinvested5 All Other6 Account
Year Age Age Exp. Contributions Distributions Paid Gifts Spending Distributions Assets Balance
2012 63 62 578,328 0 6,867 0 0 -6,867 3,331,974 578,328
2013 64 63 40,483 0 162,290 0 0 -162,290 3,236,534 618,811
2014 65 64 43,317 0 0 0 0 0 3,304,502 662,128
2015 66 65 46,349 0 0 0 0 0 3,373,896 708,477
2016 67 66 49,593 0 0 0 0 0 3,444,748 758,070
2017 68 67 53,065 0 0 0 0 0 3,517,088 811,135
2018 69 68 56,779 0 0 0 0 0 3,590,947 867,915
2019 70 69 60,754 0 0 0 0 0 3,666,356 928,669
2020 71 70 65,007 0 0 0 0 0 3,743,350 993,675
2021 72 71 69,557 0 0 0 0 0 3,821,960 1,063,233
2022 73 72 74,426 0 0 0 0 0 3,902,221 1,137,659
2023 74 73 79,636 0 0 0 0 0 3,984,168 1,217,295
2024 75 74 85,211 0 0 0 0 0 4,067,836 1,302,506
Bob dies and Mary rolls over the Roth IRA. Total distributions during Bob's lifetime are $63,347.
1
Bob's death is assumed to occur in 2024. Mary is named beneficiary. For Traditional IRA, 403(b) or other Qualified Plans, Bob takes required minimum distributions (RMDs) at
2
age 70½ and calculates life expectancy annually based on the Single Life Expectancy Table. After conversion to Roth IRA, Bob no longer takes RMDs.
3
Assumes qualified plan earns 7.00% interest. Also includes contributions, if any.
For Traditional IRA, 403(b) or other Qualified Plans, Actual Distributions is the greater of pretax distribution required to generate the Desired Distribution (see Assumptions
4
page) or RMD. After conversion to Roth IRA, distributions are assumed to be made from Other Assets during the 5 year holding period after Roth conversion.
Taxes and any applicable penalties are paid at the start of the calendar year following the tax liability. After Roth conversion, includes the estimated income taxes on the
5
Traditional IRA amount converted to Roth IRA. Conversions in year 2010 only will be reported as taxable income
Actual Distributions less Taxes and Penalties, Non-Premium Gifts and Spending. After Roth conversion, Other Assets are used to the extent possible to pay the income taxes
6
on Traditional IRA amounts converted to Roth IRA.
All Other Assets and Cumulative Reinvested Distributions are assumed to earn 3.00% interest and are taxed at a 30.00% income tax rate. Does not include the death benefit of
life insurance.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 15 of 29
16. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Rollover to Spouse and Split
A Multi-Generational Approach for Continuing Distributions
Allocation of Distributions
Income Prem. & Total of Roth
Spouse Life1 Earnings &2 Actual3 Taxes4 Non-Prem. Reinvested5 All Other6 Account
Year Age Exp. Contributions Distributions Paid Gifts Spending Distributions Assets Balance
2025 75 91,175 0 0 0 0 0 4,153,260 1,393,681
2026 76 97,558 0 0 0 0 0 4,240,479 1,491,239
2027 77 104,387 0 0 0 0 0 4,329,529 1,595,626
2028 78 111,694 0 0 0 0 0 4,420,449 1,707,320
2029 79 119,512 0 0 0 0 0 4,505,468 1,826,832
Total distributions during Mary's lifetime are $0. At Mary's death, the Roth IRA is distributed to the named beneficiaries. Estate taxes of $801,369 will be
due on these amounts.
1
2
Bob's death is assumed to occur in 2024. Mary is named beneficiary.
3
Assumes qualified plan earns 7.00% interest. Also includes contributions, if any.
For Traditional IRA, 403(b) or other Qualified Plans, Actual Distributions is the greater of pretax distribution required to generate the Desired Distribution (see Assumptions
4
page) or RMD. After conversion to Roth IRA, distributions are assumed to be made from Other Assets during the 5 year holding period after Roth conversion.
Taxes and any applicable penalties are paid at the start of the calendar year following the tax liability. After Roth conversion, includes the estimated income taxes on the
5
Traditional IRA amount converted to Roth IRA. Conversions in year 2010 only will be reported as taxable income
Actual Distributions less Taxes and Penalties, Non-Premium Gifts and Spending. After Roth conversion, Other Assets are used to the extent possible to pay the income taxes
6
on Traditional IRA amounts converted to Roth IRA.
All Other Assets and Cumulative Reinvested Distributions are assumed to earn 3.00% interest and are taxed at a 30.00% income tax rate. Does not include the death benefit of
life insurance.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 16 of 29
18. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Rollover to Spouse and Split
Next Generation after Mary's Death
Sally Sarah
Life1 Actual2 Account3 Life1 Actual2 Account3
Age Exp. Distributions Balance Age Exp. Distributions Balance
81 3.3 161,716 409,303 58 25.3 90,047 2,347,619
82 2.3 177,958 259,997 59 24.3 96,610 2,415,342
83 1.3 199,997 78,199 60 23.3 103,663 2,480,753
84 0.3 83,673 0 61 22.3 111,245 2,543,162
Total: $2,457,732 62 21.3 119,397 2,601,786
63 20.3 128,167 2,655,744
64 19.3 137,603 2,704,043
65 18.3 147,762 2,745,564
66 17.3 158,703 2,779,050
67 16.3 170,494 2,803,090
68 15.3 183,208 2,816,097
69 14.3 196,930 2,816,294
70 13.3 211,751 2,801,684
71 12.3 227,779 2,770,022
72 11.3 245,135 2,718,789
73 10.3 263,960 2,645,144
74 9.3 284,424 2,545,880
75 8.3 306,733 2,417,359
76 7.3 331,145 2,255,429
77 6.3 358,005 2,055,305
78 5.3 387,793 1,811,383
79 4.3 421,252 1,516,928
80 3.3 459,675 1,163,438
81 2.3 505,842 739,036
82 1.3 568,489 222,279
83 0.3 237,839 0
Total: $7,546,822
1
2
Calculated on December 31 of the year following death and reduced by one each year thereafter.
3
Distributions from Roth IRA are assumed to be income tax free.
Assumes qualified plan earns 7.00% interest.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 18 of 29
19. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Rollover to Spouse and Split
Wealth Transfer Costs
Beginning Account Balance December 31, 2008: $500,000
Continuation of this analysis assumes that Mary's estate has
Client Spouse Account Other
Year Age Age Balance Assets1
sufficient cash liquidity for all transfer costs without using this Roth
IRA.
2009 60 59 513,889 3,083,394
2010 61 60 527,453 3,163,504 Bob's Death Occurs in Year 2024
2011 62 61 540,494 3,246,385 Total of Other Assets1 $4,067,836
Bob converts the Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA in 2012. Taxes of Life insurance on Bob inside of estate2 $0
$162,148 are due on the conversion and are paid from Other Estimated Account Balance $1,302,506
Assets. Estimated share of estate taxes3 $0
Roth Liquidity needed to continue this approach $0
Client Spouse Account Other Existing life insurance on Bob outside of estate4 $0
Year Age Age Balance Assets1 Proposed new life insurance outside of estate4 $0
2012 63 62 578,328 3,331,974 Mary's Death Occurs in Year 2029
2013 64 63 618,811 3,236,534 Total of Other Assets1 $4,505,468
2014 65 64 662,128 3,304,502 Life insurance on Mary inside of estate2 $0
2015 66 65 708,477 3,373,896 Estimated Account Balance $1,826,832
2016 67 66 758,070 3,444,748 Estimated share of estate taxes3 $801,369
2017 68 67 811,135 3,517,088 Liquidity needed to continue this approach $801,369
2018 69 68 867,915 3,590,947 Existing life insurance on Mary outside of estate4 $0
2019 70 69 928,669 3,666,356
2020 71 70 993,675 3,743,350
2021 72 71 1,063,233 3,821,960
2022 73 72 1,137,659 3,902,221
2023 74 73 1,217,295 3,984,168
2024 75 74 1,302,506 4,067,836
Mary rolls over the Roth IRA at Bob's death in 2024. Total
distributions during Bob's lifetime are $63,347.
1
Other Assets are assumed to be inherited by the surviving spouse and to qualify for the marital deduction. Other Assets are assumed to earn 3.00% interest and are taxed at a
2
30.00% income tax rate.
3
Life insurance included in the deceased's estate is assumed to be added to Other Assets.
Estate tax calculations are based on the total of the Account Balance, the Other Assets, and any Life Insurance included in the estate. No probate fees or expenses are
4
considered. Mary's Applicable Credit Amount is considered in estimating taxes. Estimated Share of Estate Taxes is the ratio that the Account Balance bears to the Total Estate.
Life insurance outside the deceased's estate is assumed to be paid directly to heirs and will not be in the estate of the surviving spouse.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 19 of 29
20. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Rollover to Spouse and Split
Wealth Transfer Costs
Roth
Spouse Account Other
Year Age Balance Assets1
2025 75 1,393,681 4,153,260
2026 76 1,491,239 4,240,479
2027 77 1,595,626 4,329,529
2028 78 1,707,320 4,420,449
2029 79 1,826,832 4,505,468
At Mary's death, the Roth IRA is distributed to the named
beneficiaries. Estate taxes of $801,369 will be due on these
amounts. 3
1
Other Assets are assumed to be inherited by the surviving spouse and to qualify for the marital deduction. Other Assets are assumed to earn 3.00% interest and are taxed at a
2
30.00% income tax rate.
3
Life insurance included in the deceased's estate is assumed to be added to Other Assets.
Estate tax calculations are based on the total of the Account Balance, the Other Assets, and any Life Insurance included in the estate. No probate fees or expenses are
considered. Spouse's Applicable Credit Amount is considered in estimating taxes. Estimated Share of Estate Taxes is the ratio that the Account Balance bears to the Total
4
Estate.
Life insurance outside the deceased's estate is assumed to be paid directly to heirs and will not be in the estate of the surviving spouse.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 20 of 29
21. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Non-Spouse Beneficiary Approach
A Multi-Generational Approach for Continuing Distributions (With A Non-Spouse Beneficiary)
Bob's IRA
IRA Value Now (2008): $500,000
Death Assumed (age 75): $1,302,506
Value of Bob's Roth IRA in 2025: $1,302,506
The estate must have
liquidity of $125,078 for
federal estate taxes
attributable to the Roth Bob dies in 2024. Values $63,347
IRA to provide the total included in estate. Distributions during
distributions shown on Bob's lifetime
this page.
Roth IRA splits into separate shares at Bob's death. Distributions are
based on the life expectancy of each named beneficiary.
Total Distributions to: Total Distributions to: Total Distributions to:
Johnny Sally Sarah
$1,827,301 $2,177,520 $6,926,414
Total distributions during lives of Bob and beneficiaries: $10,994,582
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 21 of 29
22. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Non-Spouse Beneficiary Approach
A Multi-Generational Approach for Continuing Distributions
Beginning Account Balance December 31, 2008: $500,000
Allocation of Distributions
Income Prem. & Total of
Client Life1 Earnings &2 Actual3 Taxes4 Non-Prem. Reinvested5 All Other6 Account
Year Age Exp. Contributions Distributions Paid Gifts Spending Distributions Assets Balance
2009 60 25.2 33,730 19,841 0 0 0 19,841 3,083,394 513,889
2010 61 24.4 34,625 21,061 6,118 0 0 14,943 3,163,504 527,453
2011 62 23.5 35,486 22,445 6,443 0 0 16,002 3,246,385 540,494
Bob converts the Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA in 2012. Taxes of $162,148 are due on the conversion and are paid from Other Assets.
Allocation of Distributions
Income Prem. & Total of Roth
Client Life1 Earnings &2 Actual3 Taxes4 Non-Prem. Reinvested5 All Other6 Account
Year Age Exp. Contributions Distributions Paid Gifts Spending Distributions Assets Balance
2012 63 578,328 0 6,867 0 0 -6,867 3,331,974 578,328
2013 64 40,483 0 162,290 0 0 -162,290 3,236,534 618,811
2014 65 43,317 0 0 0 0 0 3,304,502 662,128
2015 66 46,349 0 0 0 0 0 3,373,896 708,477
2016 67 49,593 0 0 0 0 0 3,444,748 758,070
2017 68 53,065 0 0 0 0 0 3,517,088 811,135
2018 69 56,779 0 0 0 0 0 3,590,947 867,915
2019 70 60,754 0 0 0 0 0 3,666,356 928,669
2020 71 65,007 0 0 0 0 0 3,743,350 993,675
2021 72 69,557 0 0 0 0 0 3,821,960 1,063,233
2022 73 74,426 0 0 0 0 0 3,902,221 1,137,659
2023 74 79,636 0 0 0 0 0 3,984,168 1,217,295
2024 75 77,888 0 0 0 0 0 4,067,836 1,302,506
At Bob's death, the Roth IRA is distributed to the named beneficiaries. Estate taxes of $125,078 attributable to the account balance will be due at Bob's death.
1
Bob's death is assumed to occur in 2024. Each beneficiary continues to receive a distribution based on his or her life expectancy. For Traditional IRA, 403(b) or other Qualified
Plans, Bob takes required minimum distributions (RMDs) at age 70½ and calculates life expectancy annually based on the Single Life Expectancy Table. After conversion to
2
Roth IRA, Bob no longer takes RMDs.
3
Assumes qualified plan earns 7.00% interest. Also includes contributions, if any.
For Traditional IRA, 403(b) or other Qualified Plans, Actual Distributions is the greater of pretax distribution required to generate the Desired Distribution (see Assumptions
4
page) or RMD. After conversion to Roth IRA, distributions are assumed to be made from Other Assets during the 5 year holding period after Roth conversion.
Taxes and any applicable penalties are paid at the start of the calendar year following the tax liability. After Roth conversion, includes the estimated income taxes on the
5
Traditional IRA amount converted to Roth IRA. Conversions in year 2010 only will be reported as taxable income
Actual Distributions less Taxes and Penalties, Non-Premium Gifts and Spending. After Roth conversion, Other Assets are used to the extent possible to pay the income taxes
6
on Traditional IRA amounts converted to Roth IRA.
All Other Assets and Cumulative Reinvested Distributions are assumed to earn 3.00% interest and are taxed at a 30.00% income tax rate. Does not include the death benefit of
life insurance.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 22 of 29
24. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Non-Spouse Beneficiary Approach
Next Generation after Bob's Death
Johnny Sally Sarah
Life1 Actual2 Account3 Life1 Actual2 Account3 Life1 Actual2 Account3
Year Age Exp. Distributions Balance Age Exp. Distributions Balance Age Exp. Distributions Balance
2055 80 4.2 110,449 385,911 76 7.9 95,942 715,057 53 30.1 58,712 1,832,213
2056 81 3.2 120,597 292,327 77 6.9 103,631 661,480 54 29.1 62,963 1,897,505
2057 82 2.2 132,876 179,914 78 5.9 112,115 595,668 55 28.1 67,527 1,962,804
2058 83 1.2 149,928 42,580 79 4.9 121,565 515,800 56 27.1 72,428 2,027,772
2059 84 0.2 45,560 0 80 3.9 132,256 419,650 57 26.1 77,692 2,092,023
Total: $1,827,301
81 2.9 144,707 304,318 58 25.1 83,348 2,155,118
82 1.9 160,168 165,453 59 24.1 89,424 2,216,552
83 0.9 177,035 0 60 23.1 95,955 2,275,756
Total: $2,177,520 61 22.1 102,975 2,332,083
62 21.1 110,525 2,384,804
63 20.1 118,647 2,433,093
64 19.1 127,387 2,476,023
65 18.1 136,797 2,512,547
66 17.1 146,933 2,541,493
67 16.1 157,857 2,561,541
68 15.1 169,638 2,571,210
69 14.1 182,355 2,568,840
70 13.1 196,095 2,552,564
71 12.1 210,956 2,520,288
72 11.1 227,053 2,469,655
73 10.1 244,520 2,398,010
74 9.1 263,518 2,302,353
75 8.1 284,241 2,179,277
76 7.1 306,940 2,024,886
77 6.1 331,949 1,834,680
78 5.1 359,741 1,603,366
79 4.1 391,065 1,324,537
80 3.1 427,270 989,984
81 2.1 471,421 587,862
82 1.1 534,420 94,592
1
2
Calculated on December 31 of the year following death and reduced by one each year thereafter.
3
Distributions from Roth IRA are assumed to be income tax free.
Assumes qualified plan earns 7.00% interest.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 24 of 29
25. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Non-Spouse Beneficiary Approach
Next Generation after Bob's Death
Sarah
Life1 Actual2 Account3
Age Exp. Distributions Balance
83 0.1 101,214 0
Total: $6,926,414
1
2
Calculated on December 31 of the year following death and reduced by one each year thereafter.
3
Distributions from Roth IRA are assumed to be income tax free.
Assumes qualified plan earns 7.00% interest.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 25 of 29
26. The Split Benefit Roth IRA—Non-Spouse Beneficiary Approach
Wealth Transfer Costs
Beginning Account Balance December 31, 2008: $500,000
Continuation of this analysis assumes that Bob's estate has sufficient
Client Spouse Account Other
Year Age Age Balance Assets1
cash liquidity for all transfer costs without using this Roth IRA.
Bob's Death Occurs in Year 2024
2009 60 59 513,889 3,083,394 Total of Other Assets1 $4,067,836
2010 61 60 527,453 3,163,504 Life insurance on Bob inside of estate2 $0
2011 62 61 540,494 3,246,385 Estimated Account Balance $1,302,506
Bob converts the Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA in 2012. Taxes of Estimated share of estate taxes3 $125,078
$162,148 are due on the conversion and are paid from Other
Assets. Liquidity needed to continue this approach $125,078
Roth Existing life insurance on Bob outside of estate4 $0
Client Spouse Account Other Proposed new life insurance outside of estate4 $0
Year Age Age Balance Assets1
Mary's Death Occurs in Year 2029
2012 63 62 578,328 3,331,974 Total of Other Assets1 $4,505,468
2013 64 63 618,811 3,236,534 Life insurance on Mary inside of estate2 $0
2014 65 64 662,128 3,304,502 Estimated Account Balance $1,620,889
2015 66 65 708,477 3,373,896 Estimated share of estate taxes3 $704,963
2016 67 66 758,070 3,444,748 Liquidity needed to continue this approach $704,963
2017 68 67 811,135 3,517,088 Existing life insurance on Mary outside of estate4 $0
2018 69 68 867,915 3,590,947
2019 70 69 928,669 3,666,356
2020 71 70 993,675 3,743,350
2021 72 71 1,063,233 3,821,960
2022 73 72 1,137,659 3,902,221
2023 74 73 1,217,295 3,984,168
2024 75 74 1,302,506 4,067,836
Bob dies in year 2024. At Bob's death, the Roth IRA is distributed
to the named beneficiaries. Estate taxes of $125,078 will be due on
these amounts.
1
Other Assets are assumed to be inherited by the surviving spouse and to qualify for the marital deduction. Other Assets are assumed to earn 3.00% interest and are taxed at a
2
30.00% income tax rate.
3
Life insurance included in the deceased's estate is assumed to be added to Other Assets.
Estate tax calculations are based on the total of the Account Balance, the Other Assets, and any Life Insurance included in the estate. No probate fees or expenses are
4
considered. Bob's Applicable Credit Amount is considered in estimating taxes. Estimated Share of Estate Taxes is the ratio that the Account Balance bears to the Total Estate.
Life insurance outside the deceased's estate is assumed to be paid directly to heirs and will not be in the estate of the surviving spouse.
This presentation is not a financial plan.
Presented by: Mr. John Q. Smith, Jr., CLU August 14, 2009
For Evaluation Purposes Only 26 of 29