1. This document discusses production management and planning concepts, including the goals, processes, and challenges of production management.
2. It outlines the typical production planning and control system, including business planning, production planning, the master production schedule, material requirements planning, and production activities control.
3. It notes that the production manager's role is to balance available production capabilities and resources with production planning. Common capabilities include equipment, facilities, inventory, outsourcing, and scrap.
10. 生產計劃的四種基本策略-4
Mixed Strategy 混合策略
Production Planner 的職責在尋求相關成本總合最小
的策略. 提供預定的服務水準, 並符合營運計劃所訂
之行銷與財務目標.
實務上 Demand Matching, Production Leveling 及 Sub
Contracting 策略結合運用可能產生無數種混合策略.
前述三種生產策略各有各的成本組合, 項目包括:
設備, 增雇/資遣, 加班, 存貨, 外包...
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11. 不同生產策略對應之生產型態
Demand Matching --> Production to Order
亦稱為接單生產型態 (原材料管理)
Production Leveling --> Production to Stock
亦稱為存貨生產型態 (成品管理)
接單生產與存貨生產因適用的產業不同, 其生
產計劃所需之資訊亦有差異.
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19. 產能管理-2
稼動率 = (總工時 - 非生產性時間) / 總工時
造成產能損失的原因分析 (柏拉圖)
使用率 = 實際使用工時 / 總工時
效率 = 產量 x Standard Time / 實際使用工時
工作效率 = 產量 x Standard Time / 實際使用工時
管理效率 = 實際使用工時 / 總工時
經營效率 =產量 x Standard Time /總工時
產品良率視同效率
稼動率, 使用率及效率通常與部門績效相結合,
稱為 Performance Analysis and Control System
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20. 現場管理
管理循環: Plan --> Do --> Check --> Action
現場管理的目的:
讓 MPS, MRP 能如計劃實現
最有效率的使用各項生產資源
最小化 Working in Process
準時出貨 (最短的 Cycle Time)
現廠的控制: (APT/APC)
建立與維護加工的 Priority
Monitor Cycle Time/ Queue Time/ WIP level
Monitor 工作站與整體生產績效
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21. 加工順序 Priority 的決定方法
產品別的 Priority 決定方法:
Commitment Achieve Rate
Product Profit Rate
產品批的 Priority 決定方法:
Fist In First Service (FIFO)
Order Due Dates
Operation Start Dates
Shortest Processing Time, Fewest Operations
Critical Ratio = (Due date - Today)/ Processing Time
Main Lot Shortest Processing Time
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22. 現場控制
現場產品的控制透過以下機制緊密結合:
Physical Diagram
Information Diagram: R/Card, OI, EAR, CN...
資訊錯, 則物流必然發生錯誤
Information Diagram:
計劃檔: Item Master, Routing File, Work Station File
控制檔: Work Order Master (Lot Query)
Routing 的決定:
TCN> CN > SWR > EAR > Run Card
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23. M FACTU
ANU RINGSYSTEM
Equipm Ment anagem ent Envirom Cent ontrol
Line . Buy-off/ Release . ESD
M anagement . PM CA
/ L p./ um
. Tem H . ExecptionC ontrol
. SO I
P/O . Trouble shooting . CleanRoom . Equipm shut down
ent
.W IP . Spare parts mgt .H K
ouse eeping . Product abnorm al
. N control
CM QU LITY
A .M aterial shortage
. Segregation . L shortage
abor
. Safety QU LITYA R N E
A SSU A C . Capacityshortage
C STOM SA A TIO
U ER TISF C N
W arehouse OperationSupport
.M RP D ER
ELIV Y O
C ST .D CC
. Receiving/ Stock-in/ Picking . Training(O Cross training)
JT/
. Packing OperationM anagem ent Quality C ontrol . W com system
IP puter
. Shipping . N project review
ew . IPQ C
C/FQ
. Security . M indexreview
gt . SQ C/SPC . Internal
. M Tvs. Production
K . Patrol audit audit
. D Record
oc./ . Failure analysis
. ISO 9000
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