hi

1. mRrj izns”k dh efgykvksa dh fLFkfro
Hkwfedkij f”k{kkdkizHkko
KkusUnzjkor
“kks/kNk=
f”k{kkladk;
N=ifr“kkgwthegkjktfo'ofo|ky;dkuiqj
6/24/2016 1

2. izLrkouk
efgykvksa ds fy,f'k{kk ds voljiznku djuk Hkkjr dh vktknh ds ckn ls
f'k{kk ds {ks= esa jk"Vªh;iz;kl dk ,d egRoiw.kZ fgLlkjgkgS efgykvksa
dh la[;k ns'k esa yxHkx iq:"kksa ds cjkcj gS ns'k dh lakLd`frd]
vkfFkZd jktuSfrd /kkfeZd rFkk lkekftd fØ;kdykiksa esa fL=;ksa dk
egRoiw.kZ;ksxnku jgrk gSA tc rdgekjs ns'k dh fL=;k¡ vf'kf{kr jgsxh rc
rd ns'k dk fodkl ugha gks ldrkA
Lokeh foosdkuUn ds 'kCnksa esa]^^ogh ns'k mUufrdj ldrs gS tgk¡
fL=;ksa dks mfpr LFkku fn;k tkrk gS rFkk mudhf'k{kk dk mfpr izcU/k
fd;k tkrk gS**
Lokehn;kuUn ds vuqlkj ^^jk"Vª lekt] iz'kklu rFkk ifjokj ds fØ;kdyki
rc rd mfpr<+x ls ugha fd;s tk ldrs tc rd fL=;ksadks mfpr f'k{kk u
feysA**
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3. efgykvksads fy,f'k{kkdk egRo
L=h bZ'oj }kjk i`Foh xzg dks fn;k x;k vuqie migkj gS L=h ds fcuk lekt dh
dYiuk v/kwjh gSA rFkkfL=;ksa ds fy,f'k{kk dk egRoflQZmuds
f'kf{kr gksdj ifjokj dh enn djus rdugha Cyfd f'kf{kr gksus dk eq[;
vFkZ gS fd esjs xkao] 'kgj] esjs ns'k ds fodkl esa Hkkxhnkj cu ldwaA
efgykvksadh Hkwfedk vkSj mudh fLFkfresa cnyko ykus ds fy, f'k{kk
dk egRoiw.kZ LFkku gS tokgjyky usg: dk dFku Fkk fd^^,d ckyd dh
f'k{kk ls ,d O;fDRkf'kf{kr gksrk gS ijUrq ,dckfydk dks f'kf{kr djusls
iwjk ifjokj f'kf{kr gksrk gSA
fo'ofo|ky;f'k{kk vk;ksx ¼1948&49½ us dgk Fkk fd ^^ogk¡ f'kf{kr
O;fDRkugha gks ldrs tgk¡ efgyk;sa f'kf{kr ugha gksrhA**
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4. efgykvksads fodkl esaf'k{kkdh Hkwfedk
• ,defgyk ghviusf'k'kq dhizFkef'k{kdgksrhgSA ;fn efgyk
f'kf{krgSrksog ckyddhmfprns[kHkkyo f'k{kkfn'kkiznkudj
ldsxhA
• f'kf{krefgyk iwjsifjokj dksf'kf{kr djdsmlslaLdkjokucukrh
gSA
• f'k{kk}kjkghefgykvksadklokZxh.kfodklfd;k tkldrkgSrFkk
mls,d ;ksX;]ekrk]x`g.khiRuhrFkkvPNkukxfjdcurhgSA
• f'k{kk}kjkghL=hjk"Vª dhlaLd`fr dkmfpr<+xlsizlkjdj Lo;a
rFkkjk"Vª dsfodkl esa egRoiw.kZ HkwfedkfuHkkrhgSA
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5. •f'k{kk}kjk gh L=h dk /kkfeZd]uSfrd rFkkpkfj=d fodkl djukA
•f'k{kk }kjk fL=;ksa esa usr`Ro ,oa mRrjnkf;Ro dk ogu djus dh {kerk
dk fodkl djukA
•L=h ds vkfFkZd lkekftd o jktuSfrd fodkl esa f'k{kk dh izeq[k
HkwfedkgSA
•f'k{kk ds }kjk xq.koRrk ijd rFkk efgyk mi;ksxh ikB~;Øe rFkk
xfrfof/k;ksa esa efgykvksa ds lfØ; izfrHkkx dks izksRlkfgr djuk ftlls
mRd`"Vrk ,ao l`tu'khyrkds u;s ekud x<+s tk ldsA
•efgykvksa dk lekt ds izfr vf/kd lqn`< rFkk lfØ; Hkwfedk fuHkkus
esa f'k{kkdh izeq[k HkwfedkgSA
6/24/2016 5

6. mRrjizns'k esaefgykvksadh fLFkfr
• mRrj izns'kesa l= 2001 esa efgyk lk{kjrknj 42-22% Fkhtks
2011 esa 59-26% gSA ftlesa nlo"kZ esa 17-04% dh o`f}
gq;h gSA nl o"kksZesa lokZf/kdefgyk lk{kjrknjo`f} esa
nknj,oukxjgosyh ¼25-70%½ ds lkFkigys LFkkuijrFkk
mRrj izns'k¼17-04%½ ds lkFkikapos LFkkuijgSA
• blhØe esa mRrj izns'kdk ftyk xkft;kckn¼81-42%½
efgyklk{kjrknj ds lkFkizFkeLFkkuijgSA
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7. izpkj izlkj ra= }kjk efgykvksa dh fLFkfresa lq/kkj
;ksxnku%&
• lekpkji=
• eSxthu
• jsfM;ks
• Vh0oh0
• b.VjusV
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8. lk{kjrk dkefgykvksaij lkekftdizHkko
• lk{kjefgyk,izlo dkyesa fVVusl dkVhdkyxokrhgSftlls muds
cPpksadks lqj{kkizkIr gksrhgSA¼91-2%½fuj{kjefgyk,¡ ;g
Vhdkdsoy54-77%yxokrhgSA
• f'kf{krefgyk xHkkZoLFkkdsnkSjku86-5%vk;judh xksfy;k
ysrhgS fuj{kjdsoy43-6%gh,slkdjrh gSA
• lk{kjefgykvksaesa cPpksdh e`R;q nj1000ls 33 gStc fd fuj{kj
efgykvksaesaizfr 1000esa 37gSA
• gkbZLdwydhf'k{kkiwjhdjusokyhekrkvksaus73%cPpksa
dksiwjs Vhdsyxok,tcfdfuj{kjefgykvksaus28% cPpksa dks
iwjsVhdsyxok;sA
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9. •lk{kj efgykvksa esa 90 izfr'kr dks ,M~l dh tkudkjh gS tcfd fuj{kj efgykvksa
esa ,M~ldh tkudkjh 18% gSA
•dkystksa esa rFkk fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa yM+fd;ksa ds x`gfoKku] gLrdyk f'kYidyk
vkSj laxhr ds lkFk&lkFk esfMdy] rFkk bUthfu;fjax ds {ks= esa mudh la[;k
yxkrkj c<+ jgha gSA
•cksMZ ijh{kkvksa rFkk izfr;ksxh ijh{kkvksa esa efgykvksa ds ikl gksus dk
izfr'kr iq:"kksa ls vf/kd gSA
•vkfFkZd :i ls oafpr oxZ dh efgykvksa dks f'k{kk dh eq[; /kkjk ls tksM+dj
mudsO;fDrRo esa izHkko'kkyh ifjorZu fd;s tk jgs gSA
6/24/2016 9

10. fu"d"kZ
mRrj izns'k esa fL=;ksa dh fLFkfresa vk;s ifjorZu dk Js; L=hesa f'k{kk dk
izlkj rFkk mUgsa lk{kj cuus dsfofHkUu dk;ZØeksa dk ;ksxnku gs tc fd
efgykvksa dh fLFkfresa ;g ifjorZu cgqr eUn xfr ls gqvk gS ij iq:"kksa dh
rqyuk esa efgyk lk{kjrk nj esa c<+ksRRkjhmRrj izns'k dk ljkguh; iz;kl
gSA fL=;ksa dh fLFkfr esaifjorZu dk vFkZ flQZ mUgsa f'kf{kr djuk ;k
jkstxkj gh ugha ij fL=;ksa dksf'k{kk ojkstxkj ds lkFk muds lkoZxh.k
fodkl ij cy nsuk gS ftlls osjk"Vª dsfuekZ.k esa,d egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk
fuHkk ldsA izLrqr 'kks/k i= ds lHkh rF;ksa dsQyLo:i ukjh tkfr djoV yh
gS rFkkmlus vius okLrfod thou dks tkuuk oigpkuuk 'kq: dj fn;k gS
vkSj og viuh fxjh gq;h fLFkfr dkslq/kkjus dsfy, lpsr gq;h gS ;gh dkj.k
gS fd orZeku;qx ukjh tkxj.k dk ;qx cu x;k gS rFkkfL=;ksa dsfodkl ds
fy, f'k{kk lEcfU/kr lHkh {ks=ksa esaØkfUrdkjh ifjorZu fd;s tk jgs gSA
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11. lUnHkZ xzUFklwph@lq>ko v/;;u
• 1- All India Survey of Higher Education, (2013): Ministry of
Human Resource and Development, Upload- Files/ Mhrd/
Files/ Aishe 2011-12 P.Pdf accessed on 15 Jan 2014.
• 2- Census, 2001.
• 3. Census, 2011.
• xqIrk] ,l0ih0 ¼2007½% Hkkjrh;f”k{kk dk bfrgkl fodkl ,oa leL;k;sa] “kkjnk
iqLrd Hkou] bykgkcknA
• gUQh],e0,l0 ,oa gUQh] ,l0,0 ¼2011½ % ukjh f”k{kk] Jh fouksniqLrd efUnj]
vkxjkA
• ikBd] ih0Mh0 ¼2009½% Hkkjrh; f”k{kk vkSj mldh leL;k;sa] JhfouksniqLrd
efUnj]vkxjkA
• “kekZ] ,e0ih0 ¼2007½ % ekuokf/kdkj vkSj f”k{kk] Jhdfork ifCyds”ku
dkuiqjA
• flag] d.kZ ¼2007½ f”k{kk es u;svk;ke] xksfoUn izdk”ku y[kheiqjA6/24/2016 11

12. iz”u
vkids lq>ko vkef=argSA
bZ&esy
gyanendrainfo2@gmail.com
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13. 6/24/2016 13
vkids lg;ksx ds fy;s
/kU;okn~