General rules for active voice and passive voice

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GENERAL RULES FOR ACTIVE VOICE AND
PASSIVE VOICE
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
Subject is used in start of sentences. No subject is used.
Form of verb is used according to the
tense.
Always 3rd
form of verb is used in all
tenses.
Simple subjective form of the subject is
used in start.
Always objective form of the subject is
used at the end.
Helping verb is used according to tense
and conditions.
Helping verb is used according to tense
and conditions.
Pronouns
Person Subjective form
(used before verb)
Objective form
(used after verb)
1st
I
We
Me
Us
2nd
You You
3rd
He
She
It
They
Him
Her
It
Them
PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
ACTIVE VOICE
Simple sentences
Construction of Simple sentences
Subject + 1st
form of Verb + Object.
When subject are;
He, she, it or singular name then “s” or “es” is always used with verb.
Example: He plays hockey.
When subjects are;
I, we, you, they or plural name then use of “s” or “es” are not allowed.

Example: They play hockey.
Negative sentences
Construction of negative sentences
Subject + Helping verb + not + 1st
form of verb + Object.
When subjects are;
He, she, it or singular name then “s” or “es” is not used with verb and
Helping verb “Does” is used.
Example: He does not play hockey.
When subjects are;
I, we, you, they or plural name then
Helping verb “do” is used.
Example: They do not play hockey.
Interrogative sentences
Simple Interrogative sentences Construction
Helping verb + Subject + 1st
form of verb + Object +?
When subjects are;
He, she, it or singular name then “s” or “es” is not used with verb and
Helping verb “Does” is used.
Example: Does he play hockey?
When subjects are;
I, we, you, they or plural name then
Helping verb “do” is used.
Example: Do they play hockey?
Double interrogative sentences construction

“WH” word + Helping verb + Subject + 1st
form of Verb + object +?
Where WH word = which, when, what, why etc
Other rules are same as given above for simple interrogative sentences.
Example: When does he play hockey?
Why do they play hockey?
Interrogative and Negative
Simple interrogative and negative sentences construction
Helping verb + Subject + Not + 1st
Others rules are same as given for Interrogative and negative sentences.
Example: Does he not play hockey?
Do they not play hockey?
Double interrogative and negative sentences construction
“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not + 1st
Others rules are same as given for Interrogative and negative sentences.
Example: When does he not play hockey?
Why do they not play hockey?
PASSIVE VOICE
Helping verbs: is, am, and are.
Singular subjects: use of “is”
Plural subjects: use of “are”
Subject I: use of “am”
Form of verb: 3rd
form of verb

Simple passive voice
Object + Helping Verb + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey is played by him.
Negative passive voice
Object + Helping Verb + Not + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey is not played by him.
Interrogative passive voice
Helping verb +Object + Verb + by + Objective Form +?
Is hockey played by him?
Interrogative and negative
Helping verb+ Object +not + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Is hockey not played by him?
Double Interrogative and negative sentences
Why is hockey not played by him?
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
ACTVE VOICE
General rules
Helping verb: Is, am and are.
Subjects: he, she, it or singular name use “is”
Subjects: we, you, they or plural name use “are”
Subject: I use “am”

Verb: 4th form
Simple sentences
Subject + 4th
Negative sentences
Subject + Helping verb + not + 4th
Helping verb + Subject + 4th
“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 4th
Helping verb + Subject + Not + 4th
“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not + 4th
PASSIVE VOICE
Helping verbs: is, am and are.
Singular objects: use of “is”
Plural objects: use of “are”

Form of verb: 3rd
form of verb.
Object + Helping Verb +being+ Verb + by + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey is being played by him.
Object + Helping Verb + Not+ being + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey is not being played by him.
Helping verb +Object +being+ Verb + by + Objective Form +?
Is hockey being played by him?
Helping verb+ Object +not +being+ Verb + by + Objective Form.
Is hockey not being played by him?
“Wh” word+ Helping Verb+object +being+ Verb + By + Objective Form.
Why is hockey not being played by him?
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
ACTIVE VOICE
General rules
Helping verb: has and have.
Subjects: he, she, it or singular name use “has”
Subjects: I, we, you, they or plural name use “have”

Verb: 3rd
form
Simple sentences
Subject + 3rd
Negative sentences
Subject + Helping verb + not + 3rd
Helping verb + Subject +3rd
“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 3rd
Helping verb + Subject + Not + 3rd
“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not + 3rd
PASSIVE VOICE
Helping verbs: has and have.
Use of “been” after helping verb and before verb.

Singular objects: use of “has”
Plural objects: use of “have”
Form of verb: 3rd
form of verb
Object + Helping Verb + been + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey has been played by him.
Object + Helping Verb + Not + been + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey has not been played by him.
Helping verb +Object + been + Verb + by + Objective Form +?
Has hockey been played by him?
Helping verb+ Object +not + been + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Has hockey not been played by him?
Wh word+ Helping Verb + object + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Why has hockey not been played by him?
PAST INDEFINITE TENSE
ACTIVE VOICE
General rules

Helping verb: “did” in case of negative and interrogative
Subjects: “did” is used with all kinds of subjects.
Verb: 2nd
form is used with all kinds of subjects.
Simple sentences
Subject + 2nd
Negative sentences
“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 1st
PASSIVE VOICE

Helping verbs: was and were.
Singular objects: use of “was”
Plural objects: use of “were”
Form of verb: 3rd
form of verb
Example: Hockey was played by him.
Object + Helping Verb + Not + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey was not played by him.
Helping verb +Object + Verb + by + Objective Form +?
Was hockey played by him?
Helping verb+ Object +not + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Was hockey not played by him?
Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Why was hockey not played by him?
PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
ACTIVE VOICE

General rules
Helping verb: was and were.
Subjects: he, she, it or singular name use “was”
Subjects: we, you, they or plural name use “were”
Subject: I use “was”
Verb: 4th form
Simple sentences
Subject + 4th
Negative sentences
Subject + Helping verb + not + 4th
Helping verb + Subject + 4th
“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 4th
Helping verb + Subject + Not + 4th

“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not + 4th
PASSIVE VOICE
Helping verbs: was and were.
“Being” is used after helping verb and before verb.
Singular subjects: use of “was”
Plural subjects: use of “were”
Form of verb: 3rd
form of verb
Object + Helping Verb + being + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey was being played by him.
Object + Helping Verb + Not + being + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey was not being played by him.
Helping verb +Object +being + Verb + by + Objective Form +?
Was hockey being played by him?
Helping verb+ Object +not + being + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Was hockey not being played by him?

Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + being + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Why was hockey not being played by him?
PAST PERFECT TENSE
ACTIVE VOICE
General rules
Helping verb: had.
Subjects: all kinds of subjects are used with “had”.
Verb: 3rd
form
Simple sentences
Subject + 3rd
Negative sentences
Helping verb + Subject + 3rd

PASSIVE VOICE
Helping verbs: had.
“Been” is used after helping verb and before verb.
Objects: only “had” is used with all kinds of objects.
Form of verb: 3rd
form of verb
Object + Helping Verb + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey had been played by him.
Object + Helping Verb + Not + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey had not been played by him.
Helping verb +Object + been + Verb + By + Objective Form + ?
Had hockey been played by him?
Helping verb+ Object +not + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Had hockey not been played by him ?

Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Why has hockey not been played by him?
FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE
ACTIVE VOICE
General rules
Helping verb: will and shall.
Subjects: I, we use “shall”
Subjects: he, she, it, you, they, singular name or plural name use “will”
Subject: I use “will” when stress is needed.
Verb: 1st
form
Simple sentences
Subject + 1st
Negative sentences

“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + 1st
PASSIVE VOICE
Helping verbs: will.
“Be” is used after helping verb and before verb.
Form of verb: 3rd
form of verb
Object + Helping Verb + be + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey will be played by him.
Object + Helping Verb + Not + be + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey will not be played by him.
Helping verb +Object + be + Verb + by + Objective Form +?
Will hockey be played by him?

Helping verb+ Object +not + be + Verb + by + Objective Form.
Will hockey not be played by him?
Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + be + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Why will hockey not be played by him?
FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
ACTIVE VOICE
General rules
Helping verb: will be and shall be.
Subjects: I, we use “shall be”
Subjects: he, she, it, you, they, singular or plural name use “will be”
Subject: I use “will be” when stress is needed.
Verb: 4th
form
Simple sentences
Subject + helping verb + be + 4th
Negative sentences
Subject + Helping verb + not + be + 4th

Helping verb + Subject + be + 4th
“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + be + 4th
Helping verb + Subject + Not + be + 4th
“Wh” word + Helping verb + Subject + Not +be + 4th
PASSIVE VOICE
Helping verbs: will be and shall be.
“Being” is used after helping verb and before verb
Form of verb: 3rd
form of verb
Object + Helping Verb + being + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey will be being played by him.
Object + Helping Verb + Not + being + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey will not be being played by him.
Helping verb +Object + being +Verb + By + Objective Form + ?

Will hockey be being played by him?
Helping verb+ Object +not + being + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Will hockey not be being played by him?
Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + being +Verb + By + Objective Form.
Why will hockey not be being played by him?
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
ACTIVE VOICE
General rules
Helping verb: Will have/shall have.
“Have” is always used before verb
Subjects: I, we “shall have”
Subjects: we, you, they, he, she, it, singular or plural name use “will have”
Verb: 3rd
form
Simple sentences
“Subject+3rd
form of Verb + Object”.
Negative sentences

Helping verb + Subject + 3rd
PASSIVE VOICE
Helping verbs: will have been/shall have been.
“Been” is always used after helping verb and before verb
Objects: use of “will have been”
Form of verb: 3rd
form of verb
Object + Helping Verb + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey will have been played by him.

Object + Helping Verb + Not +have + been+ Verb + by + Objective Form.
Example: Hockey will not have been played by him.
Helping verb +Object + have + been + Verb + By + Objective Form + ?
Will hockey have been played by him?
Helping verb+ Object +not + have + been + Verb + By + Objective Form.
Will hockey not have been played by him?
Wh word + Helping Verb + Object + have + been+ Verb + By + Objective Form.
Why will hockey not have been played by him?

General rules for active voice and passive voice

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