12. INTRODUCTION The term motivation can be traced to the Latin word “ movere ” which means to move. 'Motivation is a process that starts with a physiological or psychological deficiency or need that activates behavior or a drive that is aimed at a goal or incentive. The key to understanding the process of motivation lies in the meaning of, and relationship between, needs, drives and incentives Motivation is the will to act.
13. DEFINITIONS OF MOTIVATION Gibson: “ Motivation maybe defined as the state of individuals perspective which represents the strength of his or her propensity to exert effort towards some particular behaviour.”
14. Dubrin: “ Motivation refers to expenditure of efforts towards a goal.” Steers and Potter: “ Motivation is the force that energises behaviour , gives direction to behaviour and underlies the tendency to persist.”
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17. MODEL OF MOTIVATION WANTS NEEDS TENSIONS ACTIONS SATISFACTION
24. Need to look for signs that the staff feels useful,optimistic or able to take opportunities. Look for evidence that the staff is satisfied in their jobs rather than anxious or frustrated Motivation can be recognized in a number of ways :
25. If you find no such signs , ask them whether they are satisfied K ontinued … Individual’s level of motivation can also be judged by their attitude towards work
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29. MOTIVATORS CARROT AND STICK Bentham ‘s view was that all people are self-interested and are motivated by the desire to avoid pain and find pleasure . Any worker will work only if the reward is big enough, or the punishment sufficiently unpleasant.
30. The use of rewards and penalties in order to induce desired behaviour. It comes from the old story that to make a donkey move ,one must put a carrot in front of him or dab him with a stick from behind.
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32. The name “ Hierarchy Theory ” has been formulated by ABRAHAM MASLOW . He advocates a hierarchy of needs that is normally present in all individuals . NEED HIERARCHY THEORY
33. The Maslow’s need hierarchy consists of five types of needs. These needs, in the order of priority are: Physiological needs Safety needs Social needs Ego needs Self-actualisation needs