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Greg P. Smestad, Ph.D. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, USA and Sol Ideas Technology Development ,[object Object],OSA’s 93 rd  Annual Meeting - San Jos é , CA, USA,  Frontiers in Optics (FiO) 2009/Laser Science (LS) 25th Conference
Optics for Renewable Energy Keynote Speaker: FMB1, Optics of Solar Cells, Greg P. Smestad,  Monday, October 12, from 1:30 PM - 2:15 PM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What are Systems? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Systems Thinking is
Solar Cells can be simple, but Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
they can also be complex. ,[object Object]
Band Diagrams are useful, but Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
recombination determines efficiency. Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
Diode Equation Courtesy: Alexis de Vos
System Properties ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senge Diagram Photovoltaic Cell Sun Other processes Absorption Luminescence Charge- Transport Courtesy: G.P. Smestad Electron-hole Generation and Recombination Changes in Chemical Potential Light Input and Output traps Carrier Extraction (Electricity) delay
The Planck Equation describes  solar radiation, but Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
absorptivity describes what is absorbed. E. Sacks/MIT/1366 Technologies;  Veeco Instrument Inc. Optical Profiler
Generalized Planck Equation Sun
Planck Describes Rad. Recombination Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
Define and Integrate Ideal Spectral Flux Quantum  Kirchhoff's law Photons  (Particles)
Detailed Balance
Diode Equation emerges  from Planck
Radiative Recombination Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
Detailed Balance Efficiencies
All from a Systems Approach to a Photovoltaic Cell Sun Other processes Absorption Luminescence Charge- Transport Electron-hole Generation and Recombination Changes in Chemical Potential Light Input and Output traps Carrier Extraction (Electricity) delay
A Solar Cell is a System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Want More on this Optical Perspective? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
and (yes) Greg P. Smestad ,[object Object],[object Object]
What else is it good for? ,[object Object],[object Object]
PV Module Systems K. R. McIntosh, R. M. Swanson and J. E. Cotter, A Simple Ray Tracer to Compute the  Optical Concentration of Photovoltaic Modules , Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 2006; 14:167 - 1 77.
Residential Systems ,[object Object],Smart Grid -  Solar Energy Grid Interconnection Systems (SEGIS) http://www.sandia.gov/SAI/
PV Systems Connected to Grid Sources: NREL photos/Arizona Public Service facility in Prescott; SolFocus The Solar Advisor Model (SAM)  evaluates several types of financing (from residential to utility-scale) and a variety of technology-specific cost models for several and, eventually, all solar technologies.  https://www.nrel.gov/analysis/sam/
SEGIS Dynamics needs Real-Time Data
Solar Resource Monitoring Courtesy: NREL Photos Book by Stuart Bowden and Christiana Honsberg; http://pvcdrom.pveducation.org/
PV Learning Curve
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Senge Diagram  — Representation of System-Focused Solar Industry Development Courtesy: Joe Morabito, Alcatel-Lucent, DOE/SETP March 2009 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Senge Diagram  — System-Focused Solar Industry Development Solar Industry Supply-Chain Consortium Public & Private Investments Analysis Technology Innovation Manufacturing  Scale-up Sustainable Profit delay delay Market Growth System-Dynamics Modeling Unanticipated & Expanding Applications delay Industry  Associations SEGIS OSA Courtesy: Joe Morabito, Alcatel-Lucent, DOE/SETP March 2009 Global Solar Industry Value Creation Market Supply-Chain Transformation “ Smart Grid” Infrastructure Development Federal Energy Policy (Congress) delay Innovation National Labs Industry & Universities
Powering the Solar Innovation Engine ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Global Solar Industry Value Creation International Policy & Innovation Federal Energy Policy (Congress) Innovation Market Supply Chain Transformation “ Smart Grid” Infrastructure Development US State Policies & Innovations Optics ? ? Science
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Solar One: Courtesy NREL Nellis/SunPower: Courtesy NREL
Thank you Greg P. Smestad, Ph.D. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Sol Ideas Technology Development Visit  http://www.solideas.com/  for further information, references and links.
OSA Science Educators Day ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.frontiersinoptics.com/SpecialEvents/default.aspx

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Smestad Osa Fmb1 Fi O(Final)

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. Solar Cells can be simple, but Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
  • 6.
  • 7. Band Diagrams are useful, but Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
  • 8. recombination determines efficiency. Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
  • 9. Diode Equation Courtesy: Alexis de Vos
  • 10.
  • 11. Senge Diagram Photovoltaic Cell Sun Other processes Absorption Luminescence Charge- Transport Courtesy: G.P. Smestad Electron-hole Generation and Recombination Changes in Chemical Potential Light Input and Output traps Carrier Extraction (Electricity) delay
  • 12. The Planck Equation describes solar radiation, but Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
  • 13. absorptivity describes what is absorbed. E. Sacks/MIT/1366 Technologies; Veeco Instrument Inc. Optical Profiler
  • 15. Planck Describes Rad. Recombination Courtesy: G.P. Smestad
  • 16. Define and Integrate Ideal Spectral Flux Quantum Kirchhoff's law Photons (Particles)
  • 18. Diode Equation emerges from Planck
  • 21. All from a Systems Approach to a Photovoltaic Cell Sun Other processes Absorption Luminescence Charge- Transport Electron-hole Generation and Recombination Changes in Chemical Potential Light Input and Output traps Carrier Extraction (Electricity) delay
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. PV Module Systems K. R. McIntosh, R. M. Swanson and J. E. Cotter, A Simple Ray Tracer to Compute the Optical Concentration of Photovoltaic Modules , Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 2006; 14:167 - 1 77.
  • 27.
  • 28. PV Systems Connected to Grid Sources: NREL photos/Arizona Public Service facility in Prescott; SolFocus The Solar Advisor Model (SAM) evaluates several types of financing (from residential to utility-scale) and a variety of technology-specific cost models for several and, eventually, all solar technologies. https://www.nrel.gov/analysis/sam/
  • 29. SEGIS Dynamics needs Real-Time Data
  • 30. Solar Resource Monitoring Courtesy: NREL Photos Book by Stuart Bowden and Christiana Honsberg; http://pvcdrom.pveducation.org/
  • 32.
  • 33. Senge Diagram — System-Focused Solar Industry Development Solar Industry Supply-Chain Consortium Public & Private Investments Analysis Technology Innovation Manufacturing Scale-up Sustainable Profit delay delay Market Growth System-Dynamics Modeling Unanticipated & Expanding Applications delay Industry Associations SEGIS OSA Courtesy: Joe Morabito, Alcatel-Lucent, DOE/SETP March 2009 Global Solar Industry Value Creation Market Supply-Chain Transformation “ Smart Grid” Infrastructure Development Federal Energy Policy (Congress) delay Innovation National Labs Industry & Universities
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36. Thank you Greg P. Smestad, Ph.D. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Sol Ideas Technology Development Visit http://www.solideas.com/ for further information, references and links.
  • 37.