1. How Does the First Amendment Protect Freedom of Expression? By Andy Blumer, Luke Patton, Brian Schick, Nick Frankovich, Kara Meyers

2. Libel Ruining other peoples reputations by knowingly spreading lies about them. Other examples include giving away national security secrets and lying under oath.

3. Clear and Present Danger The courts have upheld laws prohibiting speech or writings that present a clear and present danger to others or to society.

4. Sedition Act of 1798 This act, passed by some of the same people who approved the Bill of Rights, indicates that some Americans still had a narrow view of free expression.

5. Seditious Libel This law made it a crime to publish anything that might be injurious to the reputation of the government .

6. Time, Place, and Manner Restrictions They govern when, where, and how you may speak, not what you may say

7. How did the trial of John Peter Zenger help establish freedom of the press? Zenger published something that he thought was true. The Jury found him not guilty because the information he reported in the article was true. Many Americans believed that this case not only established an important right of freedom of the press, but also proved the importance of the jury as a check on arbitrary government.

11. What considerations has the Supreme Court used to limit freedom of expression? The big question for the court to decide is if freedom of expression should be limited to social groups. Neutrality is important also , for the has taken the position that no idea no matter how dangerous or obnoxious the idea is it will be heard. In court speech is limited depending on the content. The court has developed laws balancing the rights to free expression because it may cause public safety. No has the right to publish secret military information, or the names of U.S. intelligence agents overseas

12. Does the First Amendment protect all forms of expression? Courts have upheld laws prohibiting speech or writings that present a clear and present danger. Judges and Scholars have argued that the authors of the first amendment did not intend it to protect all kinds of speech and press. The Supreme court has shown that in a series of decisions has made it increasingly difficult to determine what is obscene. Commercial speech such as advertising receives less protection by the courts.

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