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BIOSECURITY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Simple Biosecurity Model                                                          
 
BENEFITS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Classification system for poultry production systems (FAO 2004) Birds and products consumed locally Birds usually sold in live bird markets Usually commercial Commercial Bird and product marketing Minimal Low to minimal Moderate to high High Biosecurity Village or backyard Commercial Commercial Industrial integrated System Sector4 Sector 3 Sector 2 Sector1
Poultry production systems affected by  A.I. •  Sector 1: Industrial integrated system / high level of biosecurity •  Sector 2: Commercial poultry production system, moderate to high biosecurity •  Sector 3: Small-scale commercial poultry production system with low to minimal biosecurity  •  Sector 4: Village or backyard production, minimal biosecurity + mixed farming system (ducks, pigs) •
HOW DISEASES SPREAD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
BIOSECURITY INFORMATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
Pathogenicity of AI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Signs of LPAI Influenza in Poultry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Development of HPAI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Signs of HPAI Infection in Birds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Species Affected Genetic Reservoirs Intermixing H1, H3 H1, H2, H3 H3, H7 H1-12 H14-15 H1-2, 4-7, H9-13, 15-16 H10 H1, H3, H4, H7,  H13 Other Aquatic Birds? H5N1
Avian Influenza in other Animals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Control ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Ensure Biosecurity through Bio- exclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bio containment on Infected Farms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Destruction and Disposal of Birds in Affected Area ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
[object Object],[object Object]
IMPORTANT REMINDERS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Occupational Guidelines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Occupational Guidelines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Occupational Guidelines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Occupational Guidelines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
General precautions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
THANK YOU
Vaccination for Poultry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Helpful web sites ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
Reminders ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Antivirals ,[object Object],[object Object]
Self- -Assessment Guide  Farm location & layout Access deterrents  Building Entryways Pest control programs Truck Traffic Deliveries  Visitor concerns Tools & equipment  Cleaning & disinfection Water sanitation Employee concerns Multi farm management Flock health management Carcass/manure  management
A public announcement was made a day before carrying out culling of birds asking poultry owners not to release the birds in the morning and that veterinarians would collect the birds the next morning against cash  payment.  Poultry  owners  were  also  advised  to  observe precautions such as cover face, nose etc. when handling the birds.  The  co-operation  of  the  local  bodies  is  necessary  for  backyard operations.  A  common  ground was  identified  for  the  culling  and disposal of the culled birds in consultation with the local bodies. The birds were collected by veterinarian / para-veterinarian in morning & carried  to  disposal  sites.
Waste, organic and all other non-disinfectable material present  on  the  farm -litter ,  eggs,  egg  products,  hay,  animal feed/feed  materials,  feathers  and  egg-trays  must  be  destroyed  litter can be either buried in the  pit  with  animal  carcasses  or  burnt.  Eggs/  Egg products  may  be  buried  in  the  pit  with  the  animal carcasses.  Straw may be burnt. The  crops grown  in  the  farm  should be uprooted and buried/ burnt.  The  protective  clothing  used  by  the  staff  should also be burnt. Feathers  are  to  be  disposed  off by use of  flame guns. Water should not be allowed to accumulate in the farm premises and particularly  in and around disposal  sites.
Washing and disinfection of walls, floors and ceilings of the  infected .  All  sheds  in  the premises should be cleaned which  includes washing of floors  &  walls  with  3%  calcium  hydroxide  solution;  sprinkling of bleaching powder and lime on the floors of the  sheds  and  farm  areas; white-washing  of  concrete areas with  lime;  spraying  the areas with 4%  formalin;  fumigation of closed chambers and sheds with KMnO4  and  formalin;  treating  all equipments with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 48 hrs  Metal  structures  such  as  cages  may  be decontaminated by heat  treatment. All units connected to the  establishment  (i.e.  hatchery,  egg  storage  rooms, packaging rooms, egg trolleys, egg product plants) must be properly disinfected.  Vehicles, used  for  transporting live  animals,  eggs  and  animal  feed  must  also  be disinfected. All equipment inside the house such as drinkers and food hoppers must be washed and treated with a disinfectant for at  least 48 hours.  Water  reservoirs  must  also  be  emptied,  washed  and disinfected. Feed tanks (silos) need to be emptied, washed with a hot water-pressure pump and  subsequently  fumigated. After  washing  and  disinfecting,  all  units  must  be fumigated  twice  with  at  least  two  weeks  between fumigations.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
i) Burn all the temporary cages, litter , baskets, feed and egg trays of all  the poultry  in  the  infected  zone. ii)  Remove and burn all litter from permanent cages and clean the  cages. iii)  Burn garbage around poultry  keeping area. iv)  Spray  all  the  houses  within  infected  zone irrespective of the presence or absence of poultry with 2% sodium hypochlorite  solution. v)  Spray poultry rearing houses  in surveillance zone with 2% sodium hypochlorite  solution. vi)  Spray  all  the  damp  areas,  drains  etc.  with  4%  formalin. in  the  inhabited dwellings sodium  hypochlorite  or Trilocid  concentrate  or  Vircon-'S'  may  be  substituted.  vii)  Sprinkle  lime on  the  roads, streets etc  in all  the villages under the operation. viii)  White wash  the poultry  rearing houses  in  the  infected  zone.
Take Home Message ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Based on Post Operation Surveillance, the farms  will  be  allowed  to  restock  poultry. by keeping sentinel birds in each of the shed of the farms, for 21 days @ minimum 50 birds per shed up to the capacity  of  8000  layers  or  10,000  brooders  or  growers  and  a minimum of 100 birds per shed for more than 8000 layers or 10,000 brooders or  growers. 1. On 0 Day Serum sample from 5 birds per shed are to be collected to know the initial antibody status of birds.  2. On  the  12  day  cloacal  /  pharyngeal  /nasal  swabs  are  to collected for virus isolation. One pooled sample of 5 birds from each shed is to be collected and sent to Bhopal for testing viral antigen/  virus  isolation. 3. On 21  day again serum samples from the same birds are to be  collected  to assess  the antibody  status of  such birds.  4. Any mortality is to be investigated and reported to  Govt. of India  immediately. 5. It is emphasised that if the farmer does not cooperate and does not follow the restocking protocol he/she will not be allowed to  restock  the birds.  6. During  the  restocking  operation  the  local  veterinarian  is required  to  visit each  farm at  least once  in a week.
[object Object],[object Object]
Terminology  „ „ Biosafety– – In the context of the BTWC, biosafety  describes the containment principles, technologies and practices that are to be implemented to prevent unintentional exposure to pathogens and toxins, or  their accidental release.
 
Sectors 1 and 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Biosecurity

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  • 4. Classification system for poultry production systems (FAO 2004) Birds and products consumed locally Birds usually sold in live bird markets Usually commercial Commercial Bird and product marketing Minimal Low to minimal Moderate to high High Biosecurity Village or backyard Commercial Commercial Industrial integrated System Sector4 Sector 3 Sector 2 Sector1
  • 5. Poultry production systems affected by A.I. • Sector 1: Industrial integrated system / high level of biosecurity • Sector 2: Commercial poultry production system, moderate to high biosecurity • Sector 3: Small-scale commercial poultry production system with low to minimal biosecurity • Sector 4: Village or backyard production, minimal biosecurity + mixed farming system (ducks, pigs) •
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  • 15. Species Affected Genetic Reservoirs Intermixing H1, H3 H1, H2, H3 H3, H7 H1-12 H14-15 H1-2, 4-7, H9-13, 15-16 H10 H1, H3, H4, H7, H13 Other Aquatic Birds? H5N1
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  • 44. Self- -Assessment Guide Farm location & layout Access deterrents Building Entryways Pest control programs Truck Traffic Deliveries Visitor concerns Tools & equipment Cleaning & disinfection Water sanitation Employee concerns Multi farm management Flock health management Carcass/manure management
  • 45. A public announcement was made a day before carrying out culling of birds asking poultry owners not to release the birds in the morning and that veterinarians would collect the birds the next morning against cash payment. Poultry owners were also advised to observe precautions such as cover face, nose etc. when handling the birds. The co-operation of the local bodies is necessary for backyard operations. A common ground was identified for the culling and disposal of the culled birds in consultation with the local bodies. The birds were collected by veterinarian / para-veterinarian in morning & carried to disposal sites.
  • 46. Waste, organic and all other non-disinfectable material present on the farm -litter , eggs, egg products, hay, animal feed/feed materials, feathers and egg-trays must be destroyed litter can be either buried in the pit with animal carcasses or burnt. Eggs/ Egg products may be buried in the pit with the animal carcasses. Straw may be burnt. The crops grown in the farm should be uprooted and buried/ burnt. The protective clothing used by the staff should also be burnt. Feathers are to be disposed off by use of flame guns. Water should not be allowed to accumulate in the farm premises and particularly in and around disposal sites.
  • 47. Washing and disinfection of walls, floors and ceilings of the infected . All sheds in the premises should be cleaned which includes washing of floors & walls with 3% calcium hydroxide solution; sprinkling of bleaching powder and lime on the floors of the sheds and farm areas; white-washing of concrete areas with lime; spraying the areas with 4% formalin; fumigation of closed chambers and sheds with KMnO4 and formalin; treating all equipments with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 48 hrs Metal structures such as cages may be decontaminated by heat treatment. All units connected to the establishment (i.e. hatchery, egg storage rooms, packaging rooms, egg trolleys, egg product plants) must be properly disinfected. Vehicles, used for transporting live animals, eggs and animal feed must also be disinfected. All equipment inside the house such as drinkers and food hoppers must be washed and treated with a disinfectant for at least 48 hours. Water reservoirs must also be emptied, washed and disinfected. Feed tanks (silos) need to be emptied, washed with a hot water-pressure pump and subsequently fumigated. After washing and disinfecting, all units must be fumigated twice with at least two weeks between fumigations.
  • 48.
  • 49. i) Burn all the temporary cages, litter , baskets, feed and egg trays of all the poultry in the infected zone. ii) Remove and burn all litter from permanent cages and clean the cages. iii) Burn garbage around poultry keeping area. iv) Spray all the houses within infected zone irrespective of the presence or absence of poultry with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution. v) Spray poultry rearing houses in surveillance zone with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution. vi) Spray all the damp areas, drains etc. with 4% formalin. in the inhabited dwellings sodium hypochlorite or Trilocid concentrate or Vircon-'S' may be substituted. vii) Sprinkle lime on the roads, streets etc in all the villages under the operation. viii) White wash the poultry rearing houses in the infected zone.
  • 50.
  • 51. Based on Post Operation Surveillance, the farms will be allowed to restock poultry. by keeping sentinel birds in each of the shed of the farms, for 21 days @ minimum 50 birds per shed up to the capacity of 8000 layers or 10,000 brooders or growers and a minimum of 100 birds per shed for more than 8000 layers or 10,000 brooders or growers. 1. On 0 Day Serum sample from 5 birds per shed are to be collected to know the initial antibody status of birds. 2. On the 12 day cloacal / pharyngeal /nasal swabs are to collected for virus isolation. One pooled sample of 5 birds from each shed is to be collected and sent to Bhopal for testing viral antigen/ virus isolation. 3. On 21 day again serum samples from the same birds are to be collected to assess the antibody status of such birds. 4. Any mortality is to be investigated and reported to Govt. of India immediately. 5. It is emphasised that if the farmer does not cooperate and does not follow the restocking protocol he/she will not be allowed to restock the birds. 6. During the restocking operation the local veterinarian is required to visit each farm at least once in a week.
  • 52.
  • 53. Terminology „ „ Biosafety– – In the context of the BTWC, biosafety describes the containment principles, technologies and practices that are to be implemented to prevent unintentional exposure to pathogens and toxins, or their accidental release.
  • 54.  
  • 55.