1. At the end of the 19th century, America became an imperialist nation for several reasons, including commercial and business interests seeking new markets, a belief in social Darwinism and white racial superiority, and a desire to spread American religious and democratic ideals abroad. 2. The U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898 and went to war against Spain after the sinking of the USS Maine, gaining control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. The U.S. then took on the role of a colonial power and world leader through the early 20th century. 3. American expansionism faced opposition from anti-imperialist groups but continued under policies like the Roosevelt Corollary, with the U

1. America Becomes a Colonial Power "Does the Constitution follow the flag?"

2. Why did America Become an imperialist nation at the end of the 19th century?

3. American Foreign Trade: 1870-1914 1. Commercial/Business Interests

4. 2. Military/Strategic Interests Alfred T. Mahan  The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783

5. 3. Social Darwinist Thinking The White Man’s Burden The Hierarchy of Race

6. 4. Religious/Missionary Interests American Missionaries in China, 1905

7. 5. Closing the American Frontier

8. Hawaii: "Crossroads of the Pacific"

9. U. S. Missionaries in Hawaii Imiola Church – first built in the late 1820s

10. U. S. View of Hawaiians Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in 1849 by virtue of economic treaties.

11. Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani Hawaii for the Hawaiians!

13. To The Victor Belongs the Spoils Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898

14. Japan

15. Commodore Matthew Perry Opens Up Japan: 1853 The Japanese View of Commodore Perry

18. Alaska

19. “ Seward’s Folly”: 1867 $7.2 million

20. “ Seward’s Icebox”: 1867

21. Cuba

22. The Imperialist Tailor

23. Spanish Misrule in Cuba

24. Valeriano Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy

25. “ Yellow Journalism” & Jingoism Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst Hearst to Frederick Remington: You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war!

28. The “Rough Riders”

29. Remember the Maine and to Hell with Spain! Funeral for Maine victims in Havana

30. The Spanish-American War (1898): “That Splendid Little War”

31. The Philippines

32. The Spanish-American War (1898): “That Splendid Little War”

33. Dewey Captures Manila!

35. William H. Taft, 1st Gov.-General of the Philippines Great administrator.

36. Our “Sphere of Influence”

40. Puerto Rico

43. Panama

44. Panama Canal TR in Panama (Construction begins in 1904)

45. The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1905 Chronic wrongdoing… may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power .

46. Speak Softly, But Carry a Big Stick!

47. China

48. Stereotypes of the Chinese Immigrant Oriental [Chinese] Exclusion Act, 1887

51. The Open Door Policy

52. America as a Pacific Power

53. Mexico

55. The Mexican Revolution: 1910s Emiliano Zapata Francisco I Madero Venustiano Carranza Porfirio Diaz Pancho Villa

57. Searching for Banditos General John J. Pershing with Pancho Villa in 1914.

59. U. S. Interventions in Latin America: 1898-1920s

60. America's New Role

61. The Cares of a Growing Family

62. Constable of the World

63. Treaty of Portsmouth: 1905 Nobel Peace Prize for Teddy

64. The Great White Fleet: 1907

65. Uncle Sam: One of the “Boys?”