2. Pi to adenosine creates a phospho-anhydride bond. Instead of uniform electron distribution, when the anhydride group is made, the e- becomes more polarized. They spend more time around oxygens so breaking yields energy.
77. Glycerate 3 phosphate undergoes mutation, take out a water, and end up with a C=C carbon with enolate that has high energy bond and used to make final ATP of glycolysis.
101. Glucose is used to make pyruvate, but instead after it accepts the H’s it yield 2 CO2 and acetyl aldehyde, which receives Hs and e- from NADH and release ethanol.