Rodale Institute Studies the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug

Update on Brown Marmorated Stink
Bug (BMSB) at Rodale Institute

Gladis Zinati
Associate Research Scientist
Rodale Institute, Kutztown, PA
Gladis.Zinati@rodaleinstitute.org; Tel. (610) 683-1402
Presented at the First OREI Meeting, RAREC, NJ
January 7, 2013

©2011 Rodale Institute ©2012 Rodale Institute

Presentation
1. An overview of the farm

2. BMSB pressure, losses, management tactics, and
weather data (2008-2012)

3. Scouting in November 2012
a. Locate overwintering sites by BMSBs
b. Record number of dead and live BMSBs
c. Identify preferred material or fabric by BMSBs for
overwintering
d. Potential natural enemy

1. The gathered information will help us to:
a. identify the sites where we will establish the trap crops
to monitor the BMSB population during the first year of
the project
©2011 Rodale Institute

Overview of the farm
- Certified organic since 2002
- There are 132 fields on 333 acres
- The soil is shaley silt loam
- Field crops, vegetables, apple orchards
- Ornamental trees, landscape plants, and
pastures
- A demonstration Garden


Brown Marmorated Stink Bug

Brown marmorated
stink bug has
become a nuisance
pest to home
oweners


Economic losses on apples
But it is a devastating pest
for orchardists and many
other commodity growers

Photos: Chris Bergh –Virginia Tech


BMSB pressure, losses, and management tactics

2008-2010:
a. Pumpkins planted west side of the orchard-
All covered with BMSB
b. High pressure, Total crop loss
c. No management tactic was applied

N

Pumpkins

©2011 Rodale Institute Apples

2008 Precipitation – above normal

2008 2008 total = 49.98 inches
9 Normal Normal total = 43.52 inches
Difference = + 6.46 inches
8
Precipitation (inches)

7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec


2009 Precipitation- above normal

2009 total = 53.00 inches
12 2009 Normal total = 43.52 inches
Normal Difference = + 9.48 inches
10

8

6

4

2

0


2010 Precipitation – close to normal

Normal total = 43.52 inches
8 2010
Difference = - 0.39 inches
Normal
7

6
5
4
3
2
1
0


2008-2010 - Monthly Mean temperatures

2008-2010 Monthly Mean
Temperatures (oF) at Rodale
Institute
76

2008
56 2009
2010

15
ay
ar

A l
pr
n

ug
b

n

ep
ct

ec
ov
Ju
Ja

Ju
Fe

O
M
A
M

D
S

N


2008-2010 - Monthly Mean temperatures

Temperatures (oF) at Rodale
Institute
76

2008
56 2009
2010

15
ay
ar
pr

ug
n
b

n

ep
A l

ec
ct
ov
Ju
Ja

Ju
Fe

O
M
A
M

D
S

N
Minimum Temperature Threshold (MTT) for BMSB (56oF) shifted from
mid May in 2008 to mid April in 2010. As a result of climate change, we
could expect warmer temperatures earlier in the season and reach
MTT earlier than expected.


2011:
a. Winter Squash and pumpkins (15-20/fruit)
b. Seen late summer early fall
c. Medium damage
d. No management tactic was applied
e. Was the wettest year on record


2011 Precipitation – the wettest year on record in
PA in nearly 200 years

14 2008 total = 69.31 inches
2011 Normal total = 43.52 inches
12 Normal Difference = + 25.79 inches

10

8

6

4

2

0


2011 Monthly Mean temperatures

2011- Monthly Mean temperatures
(oF) at Rodale Institute

78

56

15

c
ct
n

r
b

n

v
ar

g
p
ay

l
Ju
Ap

De
No
Fe

Se
Ja

Ju

Au

O
M

M



2012:
a. An average year, not much snow or cold
b. Apples and Squash were affected
c. 30-40 nymphs - early July on summer squash flower
and leaves
d. Sprayed Surround (Kaolin Clay) as a preventive
measure for beetles
e. Low pressure of BMSB, Minor damage
f. No management tactic specific to BMSB was applied


2012 Precipitation – below normal

8 Normal total = 43.52 inches
2012
Normal Difference = - 9.51 inches
7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec


2012- Monthly Mean Temperatures at
Rodale Institute

76

56

15
g
r

l
n

c
b

n

v
ct
ay

p
ar

Ju
Ap

De
Ja

Au
Fe

Ju

No
Se

O
M

M


o
Temperatures ( F) at Rodale
Institute

78
2008
56 2009
2010
2011
15
2012
ay
ar

A l
pr
n

ug
b

n

ct
p

ec
ov
Ju

Se
Ja

Ju
Fe

O
M
A
M

D
N


Predictions!!!!!!!

Warm temperatures and low rainfall of
2012 could be factors in seeing an increase
in BMSB population this coming year (2013),
possibly!!!!


Presentation


2. BMSB pressure, losses, management tactics, and weather data
(2008-2012)

c. Identify preferred material or fabric by BMSBs
for overwintering


3.a. Aerial map of Rodale Institute
Machiner Greenhouses
Under
Garden
y Bldg. Barn
Pavillion
Hay barn
N
Rodale House
Lab.
Barn
Sun room
Carriage Book
House Store
Main office
Siegfriedale S. House
Apple
Garage
orchard


3.b. Scouting for BMSB at Rodale Institute –November 28-29, 2012
Structure/Bldg. # Dead BMSB # Live BMSB
Book Store 4 18
WEPP-Restrooms 0 0
Rodale Barn 0 0
Rodale House 17 21
Garden Pavillion 0 10
Greenhouses 37 0
Dryer Bldg. 0 0
Machinery Bldg./OPS 0 0
Hay Barn 0 0
Lab. 0 0
Sunroom/kitchen 0/1 0/0
Carriage House 9 1
Under Barn 1 0
Main Office 12 1
Siegfriedale House 18 1
Siegfriedale Garage 42 0
_______________________________________________________________________

Live and Dead BMSBs counts
Machiner Greenhouses
Under Garden
y Bldg. Barn (37) Pavillion
Hay barn (10)
N
Rodale House
Lab. (21)

Sun room Barn Book
Carriage Store
House (18)
Main office (12)
Siegfriedale S. House
Apple
(18) Garage (42)
orchard

Numbers in red (live BMSB), numbers in pink (dead)

3a,b. Greenhouse –Rodale Institute

Dead BMSBs and other insects
in the plastic heating tube


3.c. Material preferred for overwintering-Garden
Pavillion, Rodale Institute

Dark color & Water-proof fabric


3.c. Material preferred by BMSB- Book Store, RI,
BMSBs hiding in fabric

Aero Soft Grow Containers

Aero Soft Grow Containers

Made from recycled biodegradable inert plastic


Book Store- BMSB hiding in a book


3d. Spider Web can be a natural Enemy for
BMSB, Siegfriedale Garage, Rodale Institute

West side
of farm
Spider
web
Caught in a spider web


Presentation

2. BMSB pressure, losses, management tactics, and weather data
(2008-2012)
c. Identify preferred material or fabric by BMSBs for overwintering

1. The gathered information will help us to:
a. identify the sites where we will establish the
trap crops to monitor the BMSB population
during the first year of the project

4. Information collected in scouting helped us to

1. Identify the hot spots –locations of
overwintering adults

2. Identify where BMSBs would disperse
from and which fields could be impacted

3. Potential locations where we could set up
sentinel and crop traps for monitoring


4.a. hot zone
Greenhouses
Machinery Under Garden
Bldg. Barn (37) Pavillion
Hay barn (10)
N
Rodale House
Lab. (21)

Sun room Barn Book
Carriage Store
House (18)
Main office (12)
Siegfriedale S. House (18)
Apple
Garage (42)
orchard

Numbers in red (live BMSB), Potential hot spots, East side
Numbers in pink (dead) ©2011 Rodale Institute of the farm and wooded area

4.b.c. BMSB could disperse to these locations
and traps needed for monitoring

Garden
Pavillion
Rodale house
Book
store


Observations

• In small garden situation, placing wooden boards
under plants helped in collecting BMSBs since they
crawl under to seek shelter and moisture

• Spraying Surround® could have minimized the spread
of BMSBs and their population, but no proof

• Spider web could reduce BMSB adult population

• Designing material that mimic spider web that may
reduce their flying ability and aid in trapping them.


Our future work …

Certainly monitoring and identifying organic
management tactics that control this bug
would lead to:
1. Making better and effective recommendations
to growers and home owners
2. Reduce crop losses
3. Ensure economic and environmental
sustainability


Linking RI website to eOrganic website


Acknowledge my team:

Jeff Moyer and Christine Ziegler
thanks to Rita Seidel for providing weather info and
Jake for helping us in collecting the bugs in the
greenhouse!

Thank You Let us discuss!

Rodale Institute Studies the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug

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