SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 35
Presented by : Dr Gopal G Hargi
PG in FM & T
Ref
 Prakasam Reddy.Fundamentals of medical physiology .4th edn.p634,645
 JG McGeown.Master Medicine Physiology.3rd edn . p275-80
 K S N Reddy. 30th edn . p350-53
 Vital organs - survival
 Reproductive organs – satisfying basic instincts developed
propagation of race functional
Copyright 2008 Allyn & Bacon
Presentation on physiology of sexual functions
 The Testes
 Male sex glands, suspended in the scrotum
 Exocrine
 Endocrine
Copyright 2008 Allyn & Bacon
ORGAN
Testis
Seminiferous tubules
Interstitial cells
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral gland
Scrotum
Penis
FUNCTION
Produce sperm cells
Produce and secrete male sex hormones
Stores sperm cells undergoing maturation, conveys
sperm cells to vas deferens
Conveys sperm cells to ejaculatory duct
Secretes an alkaline fluid containing nutrients and
prostaglandins that helps neutralize the acidic
components of semen
Secretes an alkaline fluid that helps neutralize semen’s
acidity and enhances sperm cell motijity
Secretes fluid that lubricates end of penis
Encloses, protects, and regulates temperature of testes
Conveys semen into vagina during sexual intercourse;
glans penis is richly supplied with sensory nerve
endings associated with feelings of pleasure during
sexual stimulation
Summary of the functions of Male Reproductive Organs
 BEFORE BIRTH :
 MASCULINIZES - REPRODUCTIVE TRACT AND EXTERNAL
GENITALIA
 DESCENT OF TESTES
 CEASES AT BIRTH
 RETURNS AT PUBERTY
 Testosterone
 Male steroid sex hormone
 Interstitial cells(Leydig’s cells)
 Cells that secrete testosterone
1)Responsible for prenatal differentiation of male sex
organs
2)Stimulates the development of secondary sex
characteristics
Copyright 2008 Allyn & Bacon
Popad Rep Physiol MRP 10
HYPOTHALAMUS
ANTERIOR PITUITARY
GRH +
TESTES SERTOLI
CELL
LEYDIG
CELL
TESTOSTERONEINHIBIN
SPERMATOGENESIS
FSH LH
 Thought emotion Stimulation of tactile
 sight, smell & sensory stimuli receptor
 Parasynthetic activation , stimulation of nervi erigentis
release of nitric oxide
formation of cGMP
Penile arterial dilatation
Blood flow to erectile tissue
erection of penis
Afferents from genitalia & other structures
carried by pudendal nerve & sacral plexus
integrated at L2-L3 & S2-S4
Efferents through sacral parasympathetic via nervi erigentis
to smooth muscles
Erectile tissue
glands
 .Ejacution
 The afferents mostly from receptors in glans –spinal cord – internal
pudendal
 (L1 ,S1-S3, motor pathway S1-S2 & pudendal nerve)
 Emission
 Sympathetic impulses from T12 to L2 travel via hypogastric and pelvis
nerve plexuses to initiate emission
 Contraction of vas deferens , expels sperm into the internal urethra.
 Followed by contraction and fluid addition by the prostate, seminal
vesicles and Cowper’s glands
 This is now semen and the formation of this in the internal urethra is
emission
 Ejaculation- Orgasm
 Peak of sexual excitement
 Release of sexual tension that builds up during arousal
 1)Emission phase
 First phase of ejaculation, which involves contractions of the
prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and the upper part of the vas
deferens (the ampulla)
 Fluid is propelled into the urethral tract
 2)Expulsion stage
 The second stage of ejaculation, during which muscles at the
base of the penis and elsewhere contract, forcing out semen and
providing pleasure
Copyright 2008 Allyn & Bacon
Presentation on physiology of sexual functions
 Erectile abnormalities
 Peyronie’s disease
 An abnormal condition characterized by an excessive
curvature of the penis that can make erections painful
 Caused by buildup of fibrous tissue in the penile shaft
 Priapism
 Erections that persist for hours or days
 Causes include leukemia, sickle cell anemia, or diseases of
the spinal cord
 Can be dangerous due to loss of oxygen to penile tissues
 Cantharides (cantharadine )
Copyright 2008 Allyn & Bacon
 Erectile dysfunction inability to maintain the degree of
penile rigidity until ejaculation
.
 hypoglycemic agents (26%), antihypertensive drugs (14%),
vasodilators (36%), and cardiac drugs (28%)
 Vascular insufficiency most common cause of organic male
sexual dysfunction
 Erectile dysfunction
 Psychogenic
 Drugs (antihypertensives, anticholinergics,
psychotropics, cigarette smoking, substance abuse)
 Systemic diseases (cardiac, hepatic, renal, pulmonary,
cancer, metabolic, postorgan transplant, pelvic
irradiation)
 Androgen deficiency (primary or secondary), androgen
resistance, other endocrinopathies
 Vascular insufficiency (atherosclerosis, pelvic steal, penile
Reynaud's, venous leakage)
 Neurological disorder (Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, Shy-
Drager, encephalopathy, spinal cord or nerve injury)
 Penile disease (Peyronie’s, priapism, phimosis, smooth
muscle dysfunction, trauma)
 CYCLIC
 OOGENESIS
 FERTILIZATION
 PREGNANCY
 DELIVERY
 MENOPAUSE
Presentation on physiology of sexual functions
ORGAN
Ovary
Uterine tube
Uterus
Vagina
Labia majora
Labia minora
Clitoris
Vestibule
Vestibular glands
FUNCTION
Produces oocytes and female sex hormones
Conveys secondary oocyte toward uterus; site of
fertilization; conveys developing embryo to uterus
Protects and sustains embryo during pregnancy
Conveys uterine secretions to outside of body;
receives erect penis during sexual intercourse;
provides open channel for offspring during birth
process
Enclose and protect other external reproductive organs
Form margins of vestibule; protect openings of vagina
and urethra
Produces feelings of pleasure during sexual
stimulation due to abundant sensory nerve endings
in glans
Space between labia minora that contains vaginal and
urethral openings
Secrete fluid that moistens and lubricates vestibule
Summary of the functions of Female Reproductive Organs
3) Regulation of GnRH
Hypothalam
s
GnRH
Pituitary
FSH, LH
Ovary
E,P
www.freelivedoctor.com
Estrogens
 Produced by follicle cells
 Cause secondary sex characteristics
 Enlargement of accessory organs
 Development of breasts
 Appearance of pubic hair
 Increase in fat beneath the skin
 Widening and lightening of the pelvis
 Onset of menses
 Function of ovary
1. Reproduction(exocrine)
development and maturation of follicle; ovulation
2. Endocrine
estrogens, progesterone, testosterone
 Female reproductive cycle- cyclical fashion
 - 28days
 Ovarian cycle - ovum released middle of cycle
 Uterine cycle - endometrial primed
 sheds - repeats
Progesterone
 Produced by the corpus luteum
 Production continues until LH diminishes in the blood
 Helps maintain pregnancy
 Female sexual arousal
 Afferents –pudendal nerve to the spinal cord and further to
cerebral cortex
 Integrated at S2,3,4 & L1,2
 Efferents ,the parasympathetic segments travel by nervi
erigentis
Intercourse
 Fluid into vaginal walls
 Upper vagina is sensitive to stretch
 Tactile stimulation from labia minora & clitoris add
 During orgasm - pudendal nerves
 Vaginal contn – aid sperm transportation
sperm deposited in vagina at ejaculation
 travel to oviduct takes a little over 1/2 hour
 cervical canal is open due to estrogen being high and remains
open two to three days
 sperm enter uterus and are churned around
 when reach oviduct, smooth muscle contractions propell
them onward
 mature egg releases a chemotactic agent- fertilin
 out of several hundred million only a few thousand make it
 tail of sperm maneuvers it for final penetration
 Fertilized ovum – 4-7 days to reach uterus
 corpus leuteum degenerates
 estrogen and progesterone levels fall
 menstrual phase involves sloughing of prepared
endometrium
 new cycle starts-new follicles develop and begin secreting
estrogen
 Medicolegal imp
 1)Civil--- a)nullity of marriage
 b) divorce
 c) adultery
 d)disputed paternity & legitimacy
 e)suits of adoption
 f)as a result of accident-claim
 2) Criminal---- a) adultery
 b)rape
 c) impotency as a defence –to plead
 Penile plethysmography
 Selective investigations for male sexual dysfunction
 Penile imaging.
 Penile biopsy.
 Cavernosal electrical activity.
 Pharmaco-penile duplex ultrasound (PPDU).
 Penile angiography.
 Cavernous oxygen tension
THANK YOU

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONESFEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONESDr Nilesh Kate
 
Erectile Dysfunction
Erectile DysfunctionErectile Dysfunction
Erectile Dysfunctionfhammoud
 
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM I
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM I
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IDr Nilesh Kate
 
FEMALE SEXUALITY & PELVIC FLOOR BY DR SHASHWAT JANI
FEMALE SEXUALITY & PELVIC FLOOR BY DR SHASHWAT JANIFEMALE SEXUALITY & PELVIC FLOOR BY DR SHASHWAT JANI
FEMALE SEXUALITY & PELVIC FLOOR BY DR SHASHWAT JANIDR SHASHWAT JANI
 
Physiology of the female reproductive system
Physiology of the female reproductive systemPhysiology of the female reproductive system
Physiology of the female reproductive systemraj kumar
 
Physiology of Puberty and Menopause
Physiology of Puberty and MenopausePhysiology of Puberty and Menopause
Physiology of Puberty and MenopauseSaraswati yadav
 
Human reproduction
Human reproductionHuman reproduction
Human reproductionNirav Soni
 
Introduction to female reproductive physiology (the guyton and hall physiology)
Introduction to female reproductive physiology (the guyton and hall physiology)Introduction to female reproductive physiology (the guyton and hall physiology)
Introduction to female reproductive physiology (the guyton and hall physiology)Maryam Fida
 
14.Infertility And Art2009.3.24
14.Infertility And Art2009.3.2414.Infertility And Art2009.3.24
14.Infertility And Art2009.3.24Deep Deep
 
Male reproductive system
Male reproductive systemMale reproductive system
Male reproductive systemdonatolibunao18
 
Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male
Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male
Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male Maryam Fida
 
The male reproductive system
The male reproductive systemThe male reproductive system
The male reproductive systemMerlyn Denesia
 
Sexual Intercourse,Conception
Sexual Intercourse,ConceptionSexual Intercourse,Conception
Sexual Intercourse,Conceptionraj kumar
 

Mais procurados (20)

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONESFEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES
 
Male reproductive system
Male reproductive systemMale reproductive system
Male reproductive system
 
Premature ejaculation
Premature ejaculation Premature ejaculation
Premature ejaculation
 
Reproductive hormones
Reproductive hormonesReproductive hormones
Reproductive hormones
 
Physiology of Menstrual Cycle
Physiology of Menstrual CyclePhysiology of Menstrual Cycle
Physiology of Menstrual Cycle
 
Erectile Dysfunction
Erectile DysfunctionErectile Dysfunction
Erectile Dysfunction
 
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM I
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM I
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM I
 
Spermatogenesis
SpermatogenesisSpermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis
 
FEMALE SEXUALITY & PELVIC FLOOR BY DR SHASHWAT JANI
FEMALE SEXUALITY & PELVIC FLOOR BY DR SHASHWAT JANIFEMALE SEXUALITY & PELVIC FLOOR BY DR SHASHWAT JANI
FEMALE SEXUALITY & PELVIC FLOOR BY DR SHASHWAT JANI
 
Physiology of the female reproductive system
Physiology of the female reproductive systemPhysiology of the female reproductive system
Physiology of the female reproductive system
 
Physiology of Puberty and Menopause
Physiology of Puberty and MenopausePhysiology of Puberty and Menopause
Physiology of Puberty and Menopause
 
Human reproduction
Human reproductionHuman reproduction
Human reproduction
 
Introduction to female reproductive physiology (the guyton and hall physiology)
Introduction to female reproductive physiology (the guyton and hall physiology)Introduction to female reproductive physiology (the guyton and hall physiology)
Introduction to female reproductive physiology (the guyton and hall physiology)
 
14.Infertility And Art2009.3.24
14.Infertility And Art2009.3.2414.Infertility And Art2009.3.24
14.Infertility And Art2009.3.24
 
Physiology of reproduction system
Physiology of reproduction systemPhysiology of reproduction system
Physiology of reproduction system
 
Reproductive System Embryology.pptx
Reproductive System Embryology.pptxReproductive System Embryology.pptx
Reproductive System Embryology.pptx
 
Male reproductive system
Male reproductive systemMale reproductive system
Male reproductive system
 
Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male
Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male
Reproductive and hormonal functions of the male
 
The male reproductive system
The male reproductive systemThe male reproductive system
The male reproductive system
 
Sexual Intercourse,Conception
Sexual Intercourse,ConceptionSexual Intercourse,Conception
Sexual Intercourse,Conception
 

Destaque

Sexual Arousal and Intercourse
Sexual Arousal and Intercourse Sexual Arousal and Intercourse
Sexual Arousal and Intercourse Abhishek Jaguessar
 
Tutorial mingg 1 blok 1.4
Tutorial mingg 1 blok 1.4Tutorial mingg 1 blok 1.4
Tutorial mingg 1 blok 1.4limomy citra
 
Chapter 17 Reproduction in Humans Lesson 3 - sexual intercourse fertilization...
Chapter 17 Reproduction in Humans Lesson 3 - sexual intercourse fertilization...Chapter 17 Reproduction in Humans Lesson 3 - sexual intercourse fertilization...
Chapter 17 Reproduction in Humans Lesson 3 - sexual intercourse fertilization...j3di79
 
ppt of anatomy of heart & ML imp
ppt of anatomy of heart & ML impppt of anatomy of heart & ML imp
ppt of anatomy of heart & ML impGopal Hargi
 
Anatomy physiology of female reproductive system
Anatomy  physiology of female reproductive systemAnatomy  physiology of female reproductive system
Anatomy physiology of female reproductive systemMonique Reyes
 
Female reproductive system
Female reproductive systemFemale reproductive system
Female reproductive systemSandesh Kamdi
 
Human sexual intercourse
Human sexual intercourseHuman sexual intercourse
Human sexual intercourseDinDin Horneja
 

Destaque (12)

Sexual Arousal and Intercourse
Sexual Arousal and Intercourse Sexual Arousal and Intercourse
Sexual Arousal and Intercourse
 
Tutorial mingg 1 blok 1.4
Tutorial mingg 1 blok 1.4Tutorial mingg 1 blok 1.4
Tutorial mingg 1 blok 1.4
 
Sexual health benefits
Sexual health benefitsSexual health benefits
Sexual health benefits
 
Interior of right atrium
Interior of right atriumInterior of right atrium
Interior of right atrium
 
Prenatal Care
Prenatal CarePrenatal Care
Prenatal Care
 
Ovulation
OvulationOvulation
Ovulation
 
Chapter 17 Reproduction in Humans Lesson 3 - sexual intercourse fertilization...
Chapter 17 Reproduction in Humans Lesson 3 - sexual intercourse fertilization...Chapter 17 Reproduction in Humans Lesson 3 - sexual intercourse fertilization...
Chapter 17 Reproduction in Humans Lesson 3 - sexual intercourse fertilization...
 
ppt of anatomy of heart & ML imp
ppt of anatomy of heart & ML impppt of anatomy of heart & ML imp
ppt of anatomy of heart & ML imp
 
Anatomy physiology of female reproductive system
Anatomy  physiology of female reproductive systemAnatomy  physiology of female reproductive system
Anatomy physiology of female reproductive system
 
Female reproductive system
Female reproductive systemFemale reproductive system
Female reproductive system
 
Anatomy of the Heart
Anatomy of the HeartAnatomy of the Heart
Anatomy of the Heart
 
Human sexual intercourse
Human sexual intercourseHuman sexual intercourse
Human sexual intercourse
 

Semelhante a Presentation on physiology of sexual functions

Male reproductive system and its regulation
Male reproductive system and its regulationMale reproductive system and its regulation
Male reproductive system and its regulationMinko Syd
 
Reproductive system
Reproductive systemReproductive system
Reproductive systemEneutron
 
Function of male and female reproductive system.ppt
Function of male and female reproductive system.pptFunction of male and female reproductive system.ppt
Function of male and female reproductive system.pptJohnrylFrancisco
 
Function of male and female reproductive system.ppt
Function of male and female reproductive system.pptFunction of male and female reproductive system.ppt
Function of male and female reproductive system.pptyourmomond
 
Reproduction.pptx
Reproduction.pptxReproduction.pptx
Reproduction.pptxRupaSingh83
 
Chemical Coordination and Integration: Endocrine System
Chemical Coordination and Integration: Endocrine SystemChemical Coordination and Integration: Endocrine System
Chemical Coordination and Integration: Endocrine SystemDr Uma Prasanna Pani
 
Lec62 (reproductive system male)
Lec62 (reproductive system male)Lec62 (reproductive system male)
Lec62 (reproductive system male)MBBS IMS MSU
 
Aspects of human reproduction
Aspects of human reproductionAspects of human reproduction
Aspects of human reproductionAnish Gawande
 
Reproduction System in Human
Reproduction System in HumanReproduction System in Human
Reproduction System in HumanAnik Yudianto
 
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptx
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptxREPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptx
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptxRupaSingh83
 
kuliah-endokrinologi
kuliah-endokrinologikuliah-endokrinologi
kuliah-endokrinologishafhandustur
 
Gynecological Anatomy & Physiology
Gynecological Anatomy & PhysiologyGynecological Anatomy & Physiology
Gynecological Anatomy & PhysiologyNurse ReviewDotOrg
 
Gynecological Anatomy & Physiology
Gynecological Anatomy & PhysiologyGynecological Anatomy & Physiology
Gynecological Anatomy & Physiologypinoy nurze
 
Reproductive system in Male
Reproductive system in Male Reproductive system in Male
Reproductive system in Male Dr R B Pillai
 

Semelhante a Presentation on physiology of sexual functions (20)

Normalsexuality
NormalsexualityNormalsexuality
Normalsexuality
 
Male reproductive system and its regulation
Male reproductive system and its regulationMale reproductive system and its regulation
Male reproductive system and its regulation
 
Reproductive system
Reproductive systemReproductive system
Reproductive system
 
Function of male and female reproductive system.ppt
Function of male and female reproductive system.pptFunction of male and female reproductive system.ppt
Function of male and female reproductive system.ppt
 
Function of male and female reproductive system.ppt
Function of male and female reproductive system.pptFunction of male and female reproductive system.ppt
Function of male and female reproductive system.ppt
 
Male Reproductive system
Male Reproductive systemMale Reproductive system
Male Reproductive system
 
Reproduction.pptx
Reproduction.pptxReproduction.pptx
Reproduction.pptx
 
Chemical Coordination and Integration: Endocrine System
Chemical Coordination and Integration: Endocrine SystemChemical Coordination and Integration: Endocrine System
Chemical Coordination and Integration: Endocrine System
 
Lec62 (reproductive system male)
Lec62 (reproductive system male)Lec62 (reproductive system male)
Lec62 (reproductive system male)
 
Aspects of human reproduction
Aspects of human reproductionAspects of human reproduction
Aspects of human reproduction
 
Chapter 11
Chapter 11Chapter 11
Chapter 11
 
Reproductive Physiology.ppt
Reproductive Physiology.pptReproductive Physiology.ppt
Reproductive Physiology.ppt
 
Reproduction System in Human
Reproduction System in HumanReproduction System in Human
Reproduction System in Human
 
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptx
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptxREPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptx
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptx
 
Repro
ReproRepro
Repro
 
kuliah-endokrinologi
kuliah-endokrinologikuliah-endokrinologi
kuliah-endokrinologi
 
Gynecological Anatomy & Physiology
Gynecological Anatomy & PhysiologyGynecological Anatomy & Physiology
Gynecological Anatomy & Physiology
 
Gynecological Anatomy & Physiology
Gynecological Anatomy & PhysiologyGynecological Anatomy & Physiology
Gynecological Anatomy & Physiology
 
Reproductive organs
Reproductive organsReproductive organs
Reproductive organs
 
Reproductive system in Male
Reproductive system in Male Reproductive system in Male
Reproductive system in Male
 

Último

ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptPradnya Wadekar
 
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.pptUnit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.pptPradnya Wadekar
 
blood bank management system project report
blood bank management system project reportblood bank management system project report
blood bank management system project reportNARMADAPETROLEUMGAS
 
PAIN/CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PAIN.pdf
PAIN/CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PAIN.pdfPAIN/CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PAIN.pdf
PAIN/CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PAIN.pdfDolisha Warbi
 
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacologypA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacologyDeepakDaniel9
 
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondMale Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondSujoy Dasgupta
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdfHongBiThi1
 
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptxBreast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptxNaveenkumar267201
 
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy DasguptaMale Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy DasguptaSujoy Dasgupta
 
A presentation on Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA)
A presentation on Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA)A presentation on Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA)
A presentation on Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA)1922Jaygohel
 
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)kishan singh tomar
 
Forensic Nursing powerpoint presentation
Forensic Nursing powerpoint presentationForensic Nursing powerpoint presentation
Forensic Nursing powerpoint presentationKavitha Krishnan
 
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdfCONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdfDolisha Warbi
 
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung functionEXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung functionkrishnareddy157915
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdfHongBiThi1
 
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxationPhysiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxationMedicoseAcademics
 
Employability skills, work experience presentation
Employability skills, work experience presentationEmployability skills, work experience presentation
Employability skills, work experience presentationmarwaahmad357
 

Último (20)

ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
 
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.pptUnit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
Unit I herbs as raw materials, biodynamic agriculture.ppt
 
blood bank management system project report
blood bank management system project reportblood bank management system project report
blood bank management system project report
 
PAIN/CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PAIN.pdf
PAIN/CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PAIN.pdfPAIN/CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PAIN.pdf
PAIN/CLASSIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF PAIN.pdf
 
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacologypA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
pA2 value, Schild plot and pD2 values- applications in pharmacology
 
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondMale Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN TOAN KIỀM ĐHYHN RẤT HAY VÀ ĐẶC SẮC.pdf
 
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptxBreast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
Breast cancer -ONCO IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL NURSING.pptx
 
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy DasguptaMale Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
 
American College of physicians ACP high value care recommendations in rheumat...
American College of physicians ACP high value care recommendations in rheumat...American College of physicians ACP high value care recommendations in rheumat...
American College of physicians ACP high value care recommendations in rheumat...
 
Biologic therapy ice breaking in rheumatology, Case based approach with appli...
Biologic therapy ice breaking in rheumatology, Case based approach with appli...Biologic therapy ice breaking in rheumatology, Case based approach with appli...
Biologic therapy ice breaking in rheumatology, Case based approach with appli...
 
A presentation on Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA)
A presentation on Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA)A presentation on Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA)
A presentation on Thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA)
 
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
 
Forensic Nursing powerpoint presentation
Forensic Nursing powerpoint presentationForensic Nursing powerpoint presentation
Forensic Nursing powerpoint presentation
 
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdfCONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY).pdf
 
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung functionEXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
EXERCISE PERFORMANCE.pptx, Lung function
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
 
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxationPhysiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
 
Employability skills, work experience presentation
Employability skills, work experience presentationEmployability skills, work experience presentation
Employability skills, work experience presentation
 
Immune labs basics part 1 acute phase reactants ESR, CRP Ahmed Yehia Ismaeel,...
Immune labs basics part 1 acute phase reactants ESR, CRP Ahmed Yehia Ismaeel,...Immune labs basics part 1 acute phase reactants ESR, CRP Ahmed Yehia Ismaeel,...
Immune labs basics part 1 acute phase reactants ESR, CRP Ahmed Yehia Ismaeel,...
 

Presentation on physiology of sexual functions

  • 1. Presented by : Dr Gopal G Hargi PG in FM & T
  • 2. Ref  Prakasam Reddy.Fundamentals of medical physiology .4th edn.p634,645  JG McGeown.Master Medicine Physiology.3rd edn . p275-80  K S N Reddy. 30th edn . p350-53
  • 3.  Vital organs - survival  Reproductive organs – satisfying basic instincts developed propagation of race functional
  • 6.  The Testes  Male sex glands, suspended in the scrotum  Exocrine  Endocrine Copyright 2008 Allyn & Bacon
  • 7. ORGAN Testis Seminiferous tubules Interstitial cells Epididymis Vas deferens Seminal vesicle Prostate gland Bulbourethral gland Scrotum Penis FUNCTION Produce sperm cells Produce and secrete male sex hormones Stores sperm cells undergoing maturation, conveys sperm cells to vas deferens Conveys sperm cells to ejaculatory duct Secretes an alkaline fluid containing nutrients and prostaglandins that helps neutralize the acidic components of semen Secretes an alkaline fluid that helps neutralize semen’s acidity and enhances sperm cell motijity Secretes fluid that lubricates end of penis Encloses, protects, and regulates temperature of testes Conveys semen into vagina during sexual intercourse; glans penis is richly supplied with sensory nerve endings associated with feelings of pleasure during sexual stimulation Summary of the functions of Male Reproductive Organs
  • 8.  BEFORE BIRTH :  MASCULINIZES - REPRODUCTIVE TRACT AND EXTERNAL GENITALIA  DESCENT OF TESTES  CEASES AT BIRTH  RETURNS AT PUBERTY
  • 9.  Testosterone  Male steroid sex hormone  Interstitial cells(Leydig’s cells)  Cells that secrete testosterone 1)Responsible for prenatal differentiation of male sex organs 2)Stimulates the development of secondary sex characteristics Copyright 2008 Allyn & Bacon
  • 11. HYPOTHALAMUS ANTERIOR PITUITARY GRH + TESTES SERTOLI CELL LEYDIG CELL TESTOSTERONEINHIBIN SPERMATOGENESIS FSH LH
  • 12.  Thought emotion Stimulation of tactile  sight, smell & sensory stimuli receptor  Parasynthetic activation , stimulation of nervi erigentis release of nitric oxide formation of cGMP Penile arterial dilatation Blood flow to erectile tissue erection of penis
  • 13. Afferents from genitalia & other structures carried by pudendal nerve & sacral plexus integrated at L2-L3 & S2-S4 Efferents through sacral parasympathetic via nervi erigentis to smooth muscles Erectile tissue glands
  • 14.  .Ejacution  The afferents mostly from receptors in glans –spinal cord – internal pudendal  (L1 ,S1-S3, motor pathway S1-S2 & pudendal nerve)  Emission  Sympathetic impulses from T12 to L2 travel via hypogastric and pelvis nerve plexuses to initiate emission  Contraction of vas deferens , expels sperm into the internal urethra.  Followed by contraction and fluid addition by the prostate, seminal vesicles and Cowper’s glands  This is now semen and the formation of this in the internal urethra is emission
  • 15.  Ejaculation- Orgasm  Peak of sexual excitement  Release of sexual tension that builds up during arousal  1)Emission phase  First phase of ejaculation, which involves contractions of the prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and the upper part of the vas deferens (the ampulla)  Fluid is propelled into the urethral tract  2)Expulsion stage  The second stage of ejaculation, during which muscles at the base of the penis and elsewhere contract, forcing out semen and providing pleasure Copyright 2008 Allyn & Bacon
  • 17.  Erectile abnormalities  Peyronie’s disease  An abnormal condition characterized by an excessive curvature of the penis that can make erections painful  Caused by buildup of fibrous tissue in the penile shaft  Priapism  Erections that persist for hours or days  Causes include leukemia, sickle cell anemia, or diseases of the spinal cord  Can be dangerous due to loss of oxygen to penile tissues  Cantharides (cantharadine ) Copyright 2008 Allyn & Bacon
  • 18.  Erectile dysfunction inability to maintain the degree of penile rigidity until ejaculation .  hypoglycemic agents (26%), antihypertensive drugs (14%), vasodilators (36%), and cardiac drugs (28%)  Vascular insufficiency most common cause of organic male sexual dysfunction
  • 19.  Erectile dysfunction  Psychogenic  Drugs (antihypertensives, anticholinergics, psychotropics, cigarette smoking, substance abuse)  Systemic diseases (cardiac, hepatic, renal, pulmonary, cancer, metabolic, postorgan transplant, pelvic irradiation)  Androgen deficiency (primary or secondary), androgen resistance, other endocrinopathies
  • 20.  Vascular insufficiency (atherosclerosis, pelvic steal, penile Reynaud's, venous leakage)  Neurological disorder (Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, Shy- Drager, encephalopathy, spinal cord or nerve injury)  Penile disease (Peyronie’s, priapism, phimosis, smooth muscle dysfunction, trauma)
  • 21.  CYCLIC  OOGENESIS  FERTILIZATION  PREGNANCY  DELIVERY  MENOPAUSE
  • 23. ORGAN Ovary Uterine tube Uterus Vagina Labia majora Labia minora Clitoris Vestibule Vestibular glands FUNCTION Produces oocytes and female sex hormones Conveys secondary oocyte toward uterus; site of fertilization; conveys developing embryo to uterus Protects and sustains embryo during pregnancy Conveys uterine secretions to outside of body; receives erect penis during sexual intercourse; provides open channel for offspring during birth process Enclose and protect other external reproductive organs Form margins of vestibule; protect openings of vagina and urethra Produces feelings of pleasure during sexual stimulation due to abundant sensory nerve endings in glans Space between labia minora that contains vaginal and urethral openings Secrete fluid that moistens and lubricates vestibule Summary of the functions of Female Reproductive Organs
  • 24. 3) Regulation of GnRH Hypothalam s GnRH Pituitary FSH, LH Ovary E,P www.freelivedoctor.com
  • 25. Estrogens  Produced by follicle cells  Cause secondary sex characteristics  Enlargement of accessory organs  Development of breasts  Appearance of pubic hair  Increase in fat beneath the skin  Widening and lightening of the pelvis  Onset of menses
  • 26.  Function of ovary 1. Reproduction(exocrine) development and maturation of follicle; ovulation 2. Endocrine estrogens, progesterone, testosterone
  • 27.  Female reproductive cycle- cyclical fashion  - 28days  Ovarian cycle - ovum released middle of cycle  Uterine cycle - endometrial primed  sheds - repeats
  • 28. Progesterone  Produced by the corpus luteum  Production continues until LH diminishes in the blood  Helps maintain pregnancy
  • 29.  Female sexual arousal  Afferents –pudendal nerve to the spinal cord and further to cerebral cortex  Integrated at S2,3,4 & L1,2  Efferents ,the parasympathetic segments travel by nervi erigentis
  • 30. Intercourse  Fluid into vaginal walls  Upper vagina is sensitive to stretch  Tactile stimulation from labia minora & clitoris add  During orgasm - pudendal nerves  Vaginal contn – aid sperm transportation
  • 31. sperm deposited in vagina at ejaculation  travel to oviduct takes a little over 1/2 hour  cervical canal is open due to estrogen being high and remains open two to three days  sperm enter uterus and are churned around  when reach oviduct, smooth muscle contractions propell them onward  mature egg releases a chemotactic agent- fertilin  out of several hundred million only a few thousand make it  tail of sperm maneuvers it for final penetration  Fertilized ovum – 4-7 days to reach uterus
  • 32.  corpus leuteum degenerates  estrogen and progesterone levels fall  menstrual phase involves sloughing of prepared endometrium  new cycle starts-new follicles develop and begin secreting estrogen
  • 33.  Medicolegal imp  1)Civil--- a)nullity of marriage  b) divorce  c) adultery  d)disputed paternity & legitimacy  e)suits of adoption  f)as a result of accident-claim  2) Criminal---- a) adultery  b)rape  c) impotency as a defence –to plead
  • 34.  Penile plethysmography  Selective investigations for male sexual dysfunction  Penile imaging.  Penile biopsy.  Cavernosal electrical activity.  Pharmaco-penile duplex ultrasound (PPDU).  Penile angiography.  Cavernous oxygen tension