This document discusses the first civilizations in the Americas. It describes how sedentary groups began developing more complex ways of life, forming villages that communicated with each other. This led to the emergence of the first civilizations in two main regions: Mesoamerica and the Andes mountains. In Mesoamerica, early cultures like the Olmec established writing, calendar, and cultural traditions that influenced later civilizations such as the Maya, Toltec, and Aztec. Along the Andes, civilizations such as the Chavin, Moche, Nazca, and Inca arose, distinguished by achievements like observatories, aqueducts, and pottery-making.