Oracle ACFS is a general purpose portable cluster file system build on the enhanced ASM available since Oracle 11.2 and benefiting from the existing ASM mirroring and striping leading to performance and fault tolerance. In the presentation you will look at the concept and the architecture of ACFS. You will see how to use familiar tools such as sqlplus, asmca, asmcmd and OEM DC to configure, implement and manage ACFS. The presentation will provide an idea for deployment of ACFS for Snapshots and replications. Being fully integrated with ASM, ASM views can be used to monitor performance and usage.

1. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Concepts, Architecture, Deployment, Management and performance monitoring Guenadi N. Jilevski: OCP 7,8,8i,9i,10g 11g OCM 9i

2. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Features & Concepts ACFS is General Purpose Cluster Multi OS file system integrated with Grid Infrastructure. (Linux, Windows, AIX, Solaris in Oracle 11.2 and Oracle 11.2.0.2) ACFS can be dynamically re-sized online. ACFS can be managed with ASMCA, ASMCMD, OEM, sqlplus, Linux/UNIX command line. ACFS is extend based. ACFS in build on top of ASM. ACFS depends on ASM striping. ACFS depends on ASM mirroring. ACFS is based on the ASM features. ( I/O and data balancing, disk group redundancy etc…) ACFS is build on top of ASM volumes. ASM volumes are created in a ASM disk group. ASM volumes can be used for any FS ( do not assume FS is clustered FS if using ASM volumes). Accessible via NAS protocols (NFS, CIFS), POSIX, X/OPEN compliant for Linux/Unix. ASM Software stack ( ASM replaces the functionality of the Volume manager and File System)

4. ASM volumes devices files in /dev/asm/<Volume-name>-<number> presented by ADVM as block devices

5. OS kernel modules (Linux): oracleasm, oracleadvm, oracleoks and oracleacfs

7. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 ADVM processes in RAC ASM VDBG – Volume Driver Background forwards ASM requests to the dynamic volume manager driver (kernel). Death of VDBG kills ASM instance. VBGn – Volume Background processes wait for requests from dynamic volume manager driver (kernel) that need to be coordinated with ASM instance. Death of VBGn does NOT kill ASM instance. VMB – Volume Membership Background coordinates cluster membership with ASM instance. Death of VMB does NOT kill ASM instance.

8. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Restrictions ADVM volumes can not be used as boot devices or root file system. ADVM volumes can not be used for RAW devices. ADVM volume devices can not be used for multi-pathing. ADVM volumes can not be used with ASMlib. Do not layer ASM over ASM. ADVM volumes can not be partitioned with fdisk. ADVM volumes are not to be used for Oracle Grid Infrastructure installation.

9. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Space allocation for volumes in ASM disk group VAU – Volume Allocation Unit. Smallest allocation for a volume. On creation or extension of a volume space is allocated from an ASM disk group in multiples of VAU. Stripe is the number of Volume Extents within VAU. Can very from 1 to 8. Default is 4. If 1 than there is no striping. VAU=Stripe X Volume Extent VE - Volume Extent has a static value based on AU. For a default AU=1MB the extent size is 64MB. Each volume extent is allocated round-robin on different disks of a disk group. Example: if stripe is 4 and AU is 1MB than VAU=4X64=256MB. Space is allocated in multiples of VAU. For a requested volume of 400MB a volume of 512MB consisting of 2 VAU will be created. In case of re-size space will be added in multiple of 256MB (VAU).

12. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 ASMCA

18. Example extend/u01/acfs with 2GB

21. repl

22. Delete snapshots: /sbin/acfsutil snap delete <snap_name> <mountpoint>

24. Use the snapshot as a backup to restore ( from point in time copy)

26. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2

27. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2

28. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2

29. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2

30. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Example Resize /u01/acfs3 from 2GB to 6GB

31. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2

32. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 /sbin/acfsutil size [-|+]nnn[K|M|G|T|P] <path> - Resize file system

33. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 ASM views SQL> desc v$asm_volume Name Null? Type ----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------- GROUP_NUMBER NUMBER VOLUME_NAME VARCHAR2(30) COMPOUND_INDEX NUMBER SIZE_MB NUMBER VOLUME_NUMBER NUMBER REDUNDANCY VARCHAR2(6) STRIPE_COLUMNS NUMBER STRIPE_WIDTH_K NUMBER STATE VARCHAR2(8) FILE_NUMBER NUMBER INCARNATION NUMBER DRL_FILE_NUMBER NUMBER RESIZE_UNIT_MB NUMBER USAGE VARCHAR2(30) VOLUME_DEVICE VARCHAR2(256) MOUNTPATH VARCHAR2(1024) SQL> SQL> select * from v$asm_acfsvolumes; FS_NAME VOL_DEVICE VOL_LABEL PRIMA TOTAL_MB FREE_MB -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- ----- ---------- ---------- /u03 /dev/asm/datavol-239 TRUE 10240 9008.67969 /u04 /dev/asm/datavol1-23 TRUE 10240 10091.6523 9 /u06 /dev/asm/sec-351 TRUE 29696 29476.8047 SQL> select * from v$asm_filesystem; FS_NAME AVAILABLE BLOCK_SIZE STATE CORRU NUM_VOL TOTAL_SIZE TOTAL_FREE TOTAL_SNAP_SPACE_USAGE -------------------- --------- ---------- ------------- ----- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------------- /u03 11-JUL-11 4 AVAILABLE FALSE 1 10240 9008.67969 0 /u04 11-JUL-11 4 AVAILABLE TRUE 1 10240 10091.6523 .046875 /u06 11-JUL-11 4 AVAILABLE TRUE 1 29696 29476.8047 0 SQL>

34. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 ACFS information from asmcmd and acfcutil [oracle@raclinux1 u03]$ /sbin/acfsutil info fs /u03 /u03 ACFS Version: 11.2.0.2.0 flags: MountPoint,Available mount time: Mon Jul 11 15:51:45 2011 volumes: 1 total size: 10737418240 total free: 9446285312 primary volume: /dev/asm/datavol-239 label: flags: Primary,Available,ADVM on-disk version: 39.0 allocation unit: 4096 major, minor: 252, 122369 size: 10737418240 free: 9446285312 ADVM diskgroup DATA ADVM resize increment: 268435456 ADVM redundancy: unprotected ADVM stripe columns: 4 ADVM stripe width: 131072 number of snapshots: 0 snapshot space usage: 0 [oracle@raclinux1 u03]$ ASMCMD> volinfo -G data -a Diskgroup Name: DATA Volume Name: DATAVOL Volume Device: /dev/asm/datavol-239 State: ENABLED Size (MB): 10240 Resize Unit (MB): 256 Redundancy: UNPROT Stripe Columns: 4 Stripe Width (K): 128 Usage: ACFS Mountpath: /u03 Volume Name: DATAVOL1 Volume Device: /dev/asm/datavol1-239 State: ENABLED Size (MB): 10240 Resize Unit (MB): 256 Redundancy: UNPROT Stripe Columns: 4 Stripe Width (K): 128 Usage: ACFS Mountpath: /u04 ASMCMD> exit

35. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Oracle 11gR2 ACFS Replication – New feature in 11.2.0.2 Designate a primary ACFS and DR standby ACFS asynchronously replicating changes across the network using Oracle Net. Capture changes into a log change file on the primary ACFS. Transfer the changes to similar log change file to the DR ACFS. After application on the DR ACFS changes are purged. Size properly ACFS to accommodate changes. Make sure that the network have sufficient bandwidth. Refer to the docs how to gather sizing statistics.

36. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Oracle 11gR2 ACFS Replication – New feature in 11.2.0.2 Limitations There is presently only one standby site supported for a given primary files system. Only up to 8 nodes in a cluster can mount a file system. There is no support for ACFS file systems with encryption or ACFS security. Prerequisites compatible.ASM=11.2.0.2 compatible.ADVM=11.2.0.2

37. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Oracle 11gR2 ACFS Replication – New feature in 11.2.0.2 Example: Primary ACFS based on volume prim mounted on /u05 and DR secondary ACFS based on volume sec mounted on /u06. ACFS needs to be mounted on only one node (primary) during setup. Use the following commends for mount dismount. /bin/umount /dev/asm/prim-481 # Unmount on raclinux1,raclinux2 /bin/mount -t acfs /dev/asm/prim-481 /u05 # Mount on raclinux1,raclinux2 /bin/mount -t acfs /dev/asm/sec-351 /u06 # Mount on raclinux1,raclinux2 /bin/umount /dev/asm/sec-351 # Mount on on raclinux1,raclinux2 /sbin/mount.acfs -o all # Mount all on raclinux1, raclinux2

38. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Oracle 11gR2 ACFS Replication – New feature in 11.2.0.2 Create a user on ASM with sysasm and sysdba privileges (oracle in the example) Create a service for the primary site (prim) and secondary site(sec). +ASMn will not work. Initiate the standby ACFS [root@raclinux1 bin]# /sbin/acfsutil repl init standby -p oracle/oracle@prim -c sec /u06 Where prim is the service created in bullet two and oracle is the user created in bullet one. Note that before starting the initiation the standby and primary site you need to have the ACFS mounted on only one node ,that is, you need to dismount the both /u05 and /u06 on raclinux2 node. Initiate the primary ACFS while as root ( In case of failure re-Initiate the standby) [root@raclinux1 bin]# /sbin/acfsutil repl init primary -s oracle/oracle@sec -m /u06 -c prim /u05validating the remote connection validating the remote connectionvalidating the remote connectionacfsutil repl init: ACFS-05050: remote connection cannot be establishedacfsutil repl init: ACFS-05052: standby replication site requires reinitialization[root@raclinux1 bin]# /sbin/acfsutil repl init standby -p oracle/oracle@prim -c sec /u06[root@raclinux1 bin]#[root@raclinux1 bin]# /sbin/acfsutil repl init primary -s oracle/oracle@sec -m /u06 -c prim /u05remote connection has been establishedRegistering with user specified service name-primwaiting for the standby replication site to initializewaiting for the standby replication site to initializeThe standby replication site is initialized. ACFS replication will begin.[root@raclinux1 bin]# Step 4 starts the processes for ACFS replication and we can use already the ACFS replication. The replication can be validated and configuration checked with the following commands.

40. Check replication configuration & statistics

41. # /sbin/acfsutil repl info -c -v /u06

42. # /sbin/acfsutil repl info -c -v /u05

43. # /sbin/acfsutil repl info -s -v /u05

44. Start & Stop replication : Although ACFS replication is automatically started after initiation and registered with Grid Infrastructure as a resource for automatic restart the acfsutil repl bg command can be used to start and stop the background processes and daemons implementing the replication.

45. # /sbin/acfsutil repl bg stop /u06

46. # /sbin/acfsutil repl bg start /u06

48. Oracle ACFS in Oracle 11.2 Q & A