2. WDC
UNIVERSITY OF BAGUIOUNIVERSITY OF BAGUIO
INDUSTRIAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT REVIEWINDUSTRIAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT REVIEW
(2006)(2006)
ByBy
DR. MILLER F. PECKLEYDR. MILLER F. PECKLEY
FORENSIC SPECIALISTFORENSIC SPECIALIST
(FIREARM IDENTIFICATION)(FIREARM IDENTIFICATION)
FORMER UB CHIEF SECURITYFORMER UB CHIEF SECURITY
FORMER OPERATION OFFICER-PEACEMAKER SECURITY AND INVESTIGATIVE INC.FORMER OPERATION OFFICER-PEACEMAKER SECURITY AND INVESTIGATIVE INC.
TRAINING INSTRUCTOR-NORTHWEST SECURITY ACADEMY INC.TRAINING INSTRUCTOR-NORTHWEST SECURITY ACADEMY INC.
FORMER DEAN-COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY (1993-1998 and 2000-2005)FORMER DEAN-COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLOGY (1993-1998 and 2000-2005)
SECURITY PRACTITIONER/CONSULTANTSECURITY PRACTITIONER/CONSULTANT
VICE PRESIDENT FOR ADMINISTRATION-UNIVERSITY OF BAGUIOVICE PRESIDENT FOR ADMINISTRATION-UNIVERSITY OF BAGUIO
5. 1.1. This involves the security of plans andThis involves the security of plans and
business enterprises which includes thebusiness enterprises which includes the
safeguarding of personnel, process,safeguarding of personnel, process,
properties and operations.properties and operations.
(August 2004 board exam)(August 2004 board exam)
A.A. Personnel securityPersonnel security
B.B. Document securityDocument security
C.C. Industrial securityIndustrial security
D.D. Communication securityCommunication security
6. 2. The importance of the firm or2. The importance of the firm or
installation with reference to theinstallation with reference to the
national economy or security:national economy or security:
(August 2003 board exam)(August 2003 board exam)
A.A. relative vulnerabilityrelative vulnerability
B.B. relative criticalityrelative criticality
C.C. relative necessityrelative necessity
D.D. relative securityrelative security
7. 3. The exterior and interior parallel area3. The exterior and interior parallel area
near the perimeter barrier of annear the perimeter barrier of an
industrial compound to afford betterindustrial compound to afford better
observation and patrol movement isobservation and patrol movement is
known as: (April 1988 board exam)known as: (April 1988 board exam)
A.A. ProtectiveProtective
B.B. Clear zoneClear zone
C.C. Twilight zoneTwilight zone
D.D. Patrol lane zonePatrol lane zone
9. 5.5. A security guard is duly authorizedA security guard is duly authorized
to carry his licensed F/A only toto carry his licensed F/A only to
the premises of their office tothe premises of their office to
their:their:
(Sept. 2000 board exam)(Sept. 2000 board exam)
A.A. Place to workPlace to work
B.B. Identified placeIdentified place
C.C. Place work and returnPlace work and return
D.D. Choice of locationChoice of location
10. 6. The minimum age requirement for6. The minimum age requirement for
Security Manager or Operator of aSecurity Manager or Operator of a
security agency is:security agency is:
(Sept. 2000 board exam)(Sept. 2000 board exam)
A.A. 40 years old40 years old
B.B. 35 years old35 years old
C.C. 25 years old25 years old
D.D. 45 years old45 years old
11. 7. It is a natural man-made structure7. It is a natural man-made structure
or physical device that is capable ofor physical device that is capable of
restricting, determining, or delayingrestricting, determining, or delaying
illegal access to installation.illegal access to installation.
(Sept. 2000 board exam)(Sept. 2000 board exam)
A.A. FenceFence
B.B. WallWall
C.C. BarrierBarrier
D.D. HazardHazard
12. 8. It provides means and ways by which8. It provides means and ways by which
all personnel and employees areall personnel and employees are
trained to make them securitytrained to make them security
conscious and disciplined.conscious and disciplined.
(Sept. 2000 board exam)(Sept. 2000 board exam)
A.A. Security checkSecurity check
B.B. Security educationSecurity education
C.C. Security investigationSecurity investigation
D.D. Security promotionSecurity promotion
13. 9. Under physical security, what should9. Under physical security, what should
be placed between the prospectivebe placed between the prospective
intruder and target installation?intruder and target installation?
(Aug. 2003 board exam)(Aug. 2003 board exam)
a.a. HazardHazard
b.b. RiskRisk
c.c. NetNet
d.d. BarrierBarrier
14. 10. These are barbed wires placed10. These are barbed wires placed
above a vertical fence in order toabove a vertical fence in order to
increase physical protection ofincrease physical protection of
establishments or installations.establishments or installations.
A.A. Top towerTop tower
B.B. Cellar guardCellar guard
C.C. Top guardTop guard
D.D. Tower guard houseTower guard house
15. OUTLINE TOPICSOUTLINE TOPICS
A.A. LAWS RELATED TO SECURITY MANAGEMENTLAWS RELATED TO SECURITY MANAGEMENT
R.A. No. 5487R.A. No. 5487 – approved– approved June 13, 1969June 13, 1969, known as, known as PrivatePrivate
Security Agency LawSecurity Agency Law
P.D. 100 –P.D. 100 – approved January 17, 1973, Amended R.A.approved January 17, 1973, Amended R.A. 5487, making5487, making
moremore responsive to theresponsive to the
demands of private security agency in the country.demands of private security agency in the country.
BB.. ORIGINORIGIN
Vigiles –Vigiles – soldiers assigned to guard the city of Rome. They aresoldiers assigned to guard the city of Rome. They are
the night watchmen.the night watchmen.
Nicknames –Nicknames – rent-a-cops, toy cops, imitation bacon, blue army,rent-a-cops, toy cops, imitation bacon, blue army,
entrance decors, sayote guard, poste ng benecoentrance decors, sayote guard, poste ng beneco
WDC
16. RELATED GOVERNMENT andRELATED GOVERNMENT and
PRIVATE AGENCIESPRIVATE AGENCIES
1.1. PNPSAGSDPNPSAGSD (Philippine National Police Security Agency Guard(Philippine National Police Security Agency Guard
andand SupervisionSupervision Division)Division)
2.2. PNP SOSIAPNP SOSIA (Philippine National Police Supervisory Office for(Philippine National Police Supervisory Office for
Security andSecurity and Investigative Agencies) – unit in the PNP inInvestigative Agencies) – unit in the PNP in
charges of the supervision,charges of the supervision, direction anddirection and control of allcontrol of all
agencies security offices in the country.agencies security offices in the country.
3.3. PADPAOPADPAO (Philippine Association of Detective and Protective(Philippine Association of Detective and Protective
AgencyAgency Protectors Inc) – authorized to issue the implementingProtectors Inc) – authorized to issue the implementing
rules and issuesrules and issues pertaining to R.A. 5487.pertaining to R.A. 5487.
4.4. FEOFEO (Firearms and Explosives Office) – issuance of license of(Firearms and Explosives Office) – issuance of license of
firearms tofirearms to security agencies.security agencies.
5.5. SECSEC (Security and Exchange Commission) – registration of(Security and Exchange Commission) – registration of
securitysecurity business.business.
6.6. DTIDTI (Department of Trade and Industry) – registration of(Department of Trade and Industry) – registration of
security.security.
7.7. SAGSD-CSGSAGSD-CSG (Security Agency Guard and Supervision Division-(Security Agency Guard and Supervision Division-
CivilCivil Security Group) – application of license to exerciseSecurity Group) – application of license to exercise
profession asprofession as security guardsecurity guard
18. PRIVATE SECURITY SERVICEPRIVATE SECURITY SERVICE
100% Filipino Citizen100% Filipino Citizen
25 Years Old25 Years Old
One Million Capital / Half Million Bank DepositOne Million Capital / Half Million Bank Deposit
Membership for regular license - Private (200)Membership for regular license - Private (200)
- Company (30)- Company (30)
Branch (10)Branch (10)
Regular (30)Regular (30)
Maximum Number – 1000Maximum Number – 1000
Validity LTO (2 years)Validity LTO (2 years)
Renewal LTO (60 daysRenewal LTO (60 days before expiry date)before expiry date)
Firearm Ratio (1:2) – Maximum Firearms (500Firearm Ratio (1:2) – Maximum Firearms (500
units)units)
Guards Ammo (25)Guards Ammo (25)
SG qualification (18 but not more than 50)SG qualification (18 but not more than 50)
19. SECURITY GUARD MOTTOSECURITY GUARD MOTTO
““OBSERVE AND REPORT”OBSERVE AND REPORT”
PRIMARY DUTY
“PREVENTION OF CRIMES”
20. TYPES OF SECURITY GUARDTYPES OF SECURITY GUARD
FORCEFORCE
1.1. Company Guard ForceCompany Guard Force
2.2. Private Guard ForcePrivate Guard Force
3.3. Government Guard ForceGovernment Guard Force
TYPES OF SECURITY PERSONNEL
1. Security guards
2. Security officers
3. Security agents
21. CLASSIFICATION OF SECURITYCLASSIFICATION OF SECURITY
GUARDGUARD
In-house or proprietaryIn-house or proprietary
ContractContract
Public securityPublic security
22. TYPES OF SECURITYTYPES OF SECURITY
1.1. Personnel securityPersonnel security
2.2. Document securityDocument security
3.3. Physical securityPhysical security
CIA TRIAD OF
INFORMATION SECURITY
1. Confidentiality
2. Integrity
3. Availability
23. Element of Physical SecurityElement of Physical Security
1.1. ObstaclesObstacles
2.2. AlarmsAlarms
3.3. Security responseSecurity response
24. KINDS OF FENCEKINDS OF FENCE
Plain view fencePlain view fence
Solid fenceSolid fence
25. KINDS SECURITYKINDS SECURITY
Human securityHuman security
School securitySchool security
Hotel securityHotel security
Bank securityBank security
Industrial securityIndustrial security
Mall securityMall security
There are other kinds of securityThere are other kinds of security
26. 2 BASIC PILARS OF HUMAN2 BASIC PILARS OF HUMAN
SECURITYSECURITY
1. Freedom from want1. Freedom from want
2. Freedom from fear2. Freedom from fear
27. 2 CATEGORIES OF SECURITY2 CATEGORIES OF SECURITY
HAZARDSHAZARDS
1.1. Human hazardsHuman hazards
2.2. Natural hazardsNatural hazards
28. TYPES OF HAZARDSTYPES OF HAZARDS
1.1. Physical hazardsPhysical hazards
2.2. Chemical hazardsChemical hazards
3.3. Biological hazardsBiological hazards
4.4. Ergonomics hazardsErgonomics hazards
29. TYPES OF PILFERERTYPES OF PILFERER
Casual pilfererCasual pilferer
Systematic pilfererSystematic pilferer
30. KINDS OF SECURITY BARRIERSKINDS OF SECURITY BARRIERS
Natural barriersNatural barriers
Human barriersHuman barriers
Animal barriersAnimal barriers
Property barriersProperty barriers
Energy barriersEnergy barriers
31. SECURITY PROTECTIVESECURITY PROTECTIVE
MEASURESMEASURES
Top guardTop guard
TowersTowers
Guard houseGuard house
Sign and noticeSign and notice
Security lightingSecurity lighting
AlarmsAlarms
Pass system (ID)Pass system (ID)
38. UNSAFE ACT
is a violation of an accepted safe
procedure which could permit the
occurrence of an accident.
39. EXAMPLES OF UNSAFE ACTSEXAMPLES OF UNSAFE ACTS
Operating without authority.
Making safety devices inoperable.
Servicing equipment in motion.
Failure to warn or secure.
46. PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1185
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
WHEREAS, death and injury to persons and loss and
damage to property by fire have reached alarming
proportion that the economic and social gains of the
society are being continually undermined;
WHEREAS, in order to effect a meaningful reduction of
the alarming fire losses, there is a need to develop
national consciousness and involvement of all
persons in the prevention and suppression of fire;
WHEREAS, fire prevention and suppression require
the adoption of uniform fire safety standards, the
incorporation of fire safety construction and provision
of protective and safety devices in buildings and
structures;
47. WHEREAS, there is an urgent need for an emergency
primarily responsible for the implementation and
coordination of the activities of all sectors of society
on fire safety, prevention and suppression.
WHEREAS, in order to effectively implement all efforts
to minimize the occurrence of fires and their
destructive effects, full financial, equipment and
personnel support by the government and the private
sector in necessary…
48. DECLARATION OF POLICIES
The following are declared policies of the State:
a. The government, with the cooperation of the
private sector, shall develop and promulgate sets
of standards and regulations taking into
consideration the latest development in fire
technology suitable to Philippine conditions;
b. Fire prevention and safety shall be given equal, if
not greater emphasis as the suppression, or
extinguishment of fire. Fire prevention shall be
undertaken continuously involving all sectors of
the community.
49. c. The Fire Service of the Integrated National Police shall
endeavor to respond to all fires before they reach
critical and conflagration stages. Towards this end, the
organization, administration and operation of the Fire
Service shall be improved and developed, its
personnel and equipment augmented and effective fire
alarm systems set-up; and
d. The Fire Service shall be professionalized. For this
purpose, educational institutions shall endeavor to
include in their curricula, courses on fire technology
and fire protection engineering.
50. RULE 1 – GENERAL PROVISIONS
DIVISION 1 – GENERAL
SEC. 1.103 REQUIRED FIRE SAFETY
PROGRAM / MEASURES
A. In addition to the requirements provided for in Sec. 1.102, lessees or occupants of buildings, structure or facilities
shall observe all pertinent fire safety measures as set forth in P.D.1185 and in subsequent Rules of the Fire
Code.
B. All occupants or lessees of buildings, structures or
facilities shall organize themselves and develop and
implement fire safety programs to include among
others, fire prevention in the premises, notification
of the fire service to the existence of a fire,
evacuation of persons and initial fire fighting. The
building owner shall take the initiative of formulating
the fire safety program for his building and of
organizing the occupants to implement the program.
51. THE BEST WAY TO PREVENT THE OCCURRENCE
OF FIRE IS…
“TO HAVE
NO FIRE
AT ALL”
52. EDUCATION / ORIENTATION
ESTABLISHMENT OF FIRE BRIGADE
ORGANIZATION
EXERCISE / TRAINING
- FIRE DRILL
- HANDS-ON FIRE EXTINGUISHER
THRU:
54. Chemistry and Physics ofChemistry and Physics of
FireFire
FIREFIRE
is a rapid, self-sustainingis a rapid, self-sustaining oxidationoxidation process accompanied by theprocess accompanied by the
evolution of heat and lightevolution of heat and light
Oxidation - the act or process of combining with oxygen.
-is the combination of combustible materials
(fuel) with oxygen in the presence of enough
heat.
55. Products of FireProducts of Fire
FlameFlame
HeatHeat
SmokeSmoke
Fire GasesFire Gases
THERMAL
NON-THERMAL
57. Classes of FireClasses of Fire
Class AClass A
Occur in ordinary combustibleOccur in ordinary combustible
materials such as wood, paper,materials such as wood, paper,
rugs and rubbish.rugs and rubbish.
Class BClass B
Occur in vapor-air mixture over theOccur in vapor-air mixture over the
surface of flammable liquids, such assurface of flammable liquids, such as
gasoline, oil, thinners.gasoline, oil, thinners.
58. Classes of FireClasses of Fire
Class CClass C
Occur in or near energized electricalOccur in or near energized electrical
equipment where non-conductingequipment where non-conducting
extinguishing agents must be used.extinguishing agents must be used.
Class DClass D
Occur in combustible metals, such as magnesium,Occur in combustible metals, such as magnesium,
potassium, powdered aluminum, zinc.potassium, powdered aluminum, zinc.
61. INCIPIENT PHASE – or beginning of fire
• oxygen is plentiful
• Temp has not built to high peak
• Breathing not difficult
• Direct water application
• Ventilation: not a problem
• Little steam production
62. FREE BURNING PHASE – fire begins to deplete the
room’s oxygen supply and temperature greatly
increased.
• Fire has involved more fuels
• Oxygen supply is being depleted
• Heat accumulates at ceiling
• SCBA is a must
• Ventilation: not a definite need
• Good steam production
63. SMOLDERING PHASE – after oxygen content of the air
falls below 15%, the fire enters a smoldering phase
where flame may cease but dense smoke and heat
completely fill the room.
• Oxygen supply is below 15%
• Temp is very high
• Normal breathing not possible
• Backdraft hazard
• Fire extinguishment: indirect method
• Ventilation is a must
64. CONDUCTION – transmission of heat from one
substance to another by direct contact from
molecules.
CONVECTION – transmission of heat through
contact with molecules of hot gases when molecules
of gases move upward and transmits to any other
surface.
RADIATION – transmission of heat from a source
even through space.
65. Fire Control MethodsFire Control Methods
CoolingCooling
SmotheringSmothering
StarvationStarvation
InhibitionInhibition
66. ORGANIZATION, TRAINING AND
PROCEDURES
Those whose duty is to fight fires comes from three
lines of defense:
1.Personnel working in the area where the fire starts
2.The worker fire brigade
3.The public fire brigade
It is strongly advised that all personnel be instructed
in special session and that fire drill is needed at
least twice a year in which they can practice what
they have been taught
67. Is an appliance designated to be
carried and operated by hand
containing an extinguisher
medium which can be expelled by
the action of internal pressure and
be directed on to a fire.
76. Be kept fully charged and in their designated
places
Be located along normal paths of travel
Not to be obstructed or obscured from view
Not to be mounted higher than 5’ (1.5m.) to the top
of the extinguisher, if they weigh 40 lbs (18kg.) or
less but heavier, not more than 3.5’ (1m.)
82. Types of Portable FX
• Carbon Dioxide
• Dry Chemical (Ordinary & Multi-
Purpose)
• Aqueous Film Forming Foam
(AFFF)
• Halon 1211
• Dry Powder
83. General Operating Steps
• PULL the pin.
• AIM the nozzle.
• SQUEZZE the lever.
• SWEEP from side-to-side.
84. ELIMINATING SABOTAGE ANDELIMINATING SABOTAGE AND
PREVENTING LOSS FROM INSIDE ANDPREVENTING LOSS FROM INSIDE AND
OUTSIDE FORCES BY STRENGTHENINGOUTSIDE FORCES BY STRENGTHENING
SECURITY CONTROLSECURITY CONTROL
The aim of school security is to minimize theThe aim of school security is to minimize the
occurrence and consequence of criminaloccurrence and consequence of criminal
acts against both the school communityacts against both the school community
and its assets.and its assets.
85. “Our schools have been becoming fortresses over the last two to three decades”
86. Identified security risks covered byIdentified security risks covered by
the policy:the policy:
Harm to staff and students from a criminalHarm to staff and students from a criminal
act, committed by unauthorized persons onact, committed by unauthorized persons on
site;site;
Theft/damage of resources due to break andTheft/damage of resources due to break and
enter incidents;enter incidents;
Malicious damage to the inside and outsideMalicious damage to the inside and outside
of buildings; andof buildings; and
Arson damage to buildings.Arson damage to buildings.
87. The risk of crime against schools is best mitigated when allThe risk of crime against schools is best mitigated when all
of the following elements of security philosophy areof the following elements of security philosophy are
adopted:adopted:
All potential major security threats or risks areAll potential major security threats or risks are
identified and assessed;identified and assessed;
Schools plan for addressing these risks;Schools plan for addressing these risks;
A holistic approach is taken, including a broadA holistic approach is taken, including a broad
combination of strategies and systems for riskcombination of strategies and systems for risk
treatment and management;treatment and management;
All members of the school community have aAll members of the school community have a
part to play in security outcomes; andpart to play in security outcomes; and
There is leadership shown within the schoolThere is leadership shown within the school
community to engage others and drivecommunity to engage others and drive
successful outcomes.successful outcomes.
88. 1)1) School Security PlanningSchool Security Planning
2)2) Security Risk Management StrategiesSecurity Risk Management Strategies
3)3) School Based Security Policy and ProcedureSchool Based Security Policy and Procedure
4)4) Alarm Systems and Electronic SecurityAlarm Systems and Electronic Security
a)a) Security Camera SurveillanceSecurity Camera Surveillance
b)b) Maintenance and RepairsMaintenance and Repairs
5)5) Security Patrols and Alarm RespondingSecurity Patrols and Alarm Responding
The procedures will include:The procedures will include:
89. The procedures will include:The procedures will include:
6)6) Access ControlAccess Control
a)a) Protection of PersonsProtection of Persons
b)b) Personal IdentificationPersonal Identification
c)c) Key ManagementKey Management
d)d) LocksLocks
e)e) GatesGates
90. 7)7) Physical SecurityPhysical Security
a)a) LightingLighting
b)b) SignageSignage
c)c) Protecting EquipmentProtecting Equipment
d)d) Crime Prevention Through Environmental DesignCrime Prevention Through Environmental Design
e)e) TheThe Defence in DepthDefence in Depth PrinciplePrinciple
f)f) Security Design GuidelineSecurity Design Guideline
g)g) HousekeepingHousekeeping
The procedures will include:The procedures will include:
91. 8)8) Document SecurityDocument Security
9)9) Cyber CrimesCyber Crimes
10)10) Personnel Security and IncidentPersonnel Security and Incident
ManagementManagement
a)a) Hostile People, Trespass and wilful DisturbanceHostile People, Trespass and wilful Disturbance
11)11) Crime Prevention StrategiesCrime Prevention Strategies
The procedures will include:The procedures will include:
92. 12)12) Support For SchoolsSupport For Schools
a)a) School Security Advisory ProgramSchool Security Advisory Program
b)b) School Security Handbook and Self HelpSchool Security Handbook and Self Help
ToolsTools
c)c) Alarm System Monitoring and MaintenanceAlarm System Monitoring and Maintenance
d)d) Security StandardsSecurity Standards
e)e) Productive PartnershipsProductive Partnerships
f)f) Security Patrols and Alarm ResponseSecurity Patrols and Alarm Response
g)g) School Watch ProgramSchool Watch Program
The procedures will include:The procedures will include:
94. TECHNOLOGY:TECHNOLOGY: Today’s security technologies includeToday’s security technologies include
closed circuit television, access control, handheldclosed circuit television, access control, handheld
identification scanners, biometrics and so much moreidentification scanners, biometrics and so much more
ACCESS CONTROL:ACCESS CONTROL:
Means providing entry to locked doors onlyMeans providing entry to locked doors only
to those carrying authorized cardsto those carrying authorized cards
The technology eliminates the need toThe technology eliminates the need to
replace locks every time an eventreplace locks every time an event
compromises securitycompromises security
The system can also add convenience forThe system can also add convenience for
staffstaff
They are not foolproofThey are not foolproof
95. TECHNOLOGY:TECHNOLOGY: Today’s security technologies includeToday’s security technologies include
closed circuit television, access control, handheldclosed circuit television, access control, handheld
identification scanners, biometrics and so much moreidentification scanners, biometrics and so much more
BIOMETRICS:BIOMETRICS:
Uses technology to measure bodyUses technology to measure body
characteristics, such as fingers, hands, eyescharacteristics, such as fingers, hands, eyes
(iris), faces or voices, as a means of(iris), faces or voices, as a means of
identificationidentification
Hand-geometry systems use the size andHand-geometry systems use the size and
shape of the hand and fingers to verifyshape of the hand and fingers to verify
identityidentity
May offer more security than mostMay offer more security than most
educational facilities neededucational facilities need
96. TECHNOLOGY:TECHNOLOGY: Today’s security technologies includeToday’s security technologies include
closed circuit television, access control, handheldclosed circuit television, access control, handheld
identification scanners, biometrics and so much moreidentification scanners, biometrics and so much more
CCTV and CAMERASCCTV and CAMERAS ::
They are other advancements inThey are other advancements in
security technology helping to makesecurity technology helping to make
schools safer and more secure todayschools safer and more secure today
Camera systems are typicallyCamera systems are typically
monitored by the campus securitymonitored by the campus security
departmentdepartment
97. CRIME PREVENTION THROUGHCRIME PREVENTION THROUGH
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
(CPTED)(CPTED)
Premise is that through the effective usePremise is that through the effective use
and design of the built environment, thereand design of the built environment, there
can be a reduction in the opportunity andcan be a reduction in the opportunity and
fear of crime, and result in thefear of crime, and result in the
improvement in the quality of lifeimprovement in the quality of life
It is a powerful concept that may be usedIt is a powerful concept that may be used
to improve the productive use of spaceto improve the productive use of space
98. CRIME PREVENTION THROUGHCRIME PREVENTION THROUGH
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
(CPTED)(CPTED)
Understanding the ThreatUnderstanding the Threat
Integrated school security measures includeIntegrated school security measures include
prevention, control, detection, and intervention inprevention, control, detection, and intervention in
order to be comprehensive and effectiveorder to be comprehensive and effective
CPTED can make a direct impact on reducingCPTED can make a direct impact on reducing
thethe outsideoutside external threat through use of naturalexternal threat through use of natural
access control, surveillance, territorialityaccess control, surveillance, territoriality
boundary definition, management andboundary definition, management and
maintenance strategiesmaintenance strategies
99. CRIME PREVENTION THROUGHCRIME PREVENTION THROUGH
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
(CPTED)(CPTED)
TheThe internalinternal threats can be primarilythreats can be primarily
deterred through policy and proceduredeterred through policy and procedure
strategies and management techniques,strategies and management techniques,
and not as much on physical designand not as much on physical design
100. CRIME PREVENTION THROUGHCRIME PREVENTION THROUGH
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
(CPTED)(CPTED)
Safe School Design involves four keySafe School Design involves four key
areas that should include securityareas that should include security
layering/defensible space planninglayering/defensible space planning
practices:practices:
Site DesignSite Design
Building designBuilding design
Interior spacesInterior spaces
Systems and equipmentSystems and equipment
101. CRIME PREVENTION THROUGHCRIME PREVENTION THROUGH
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
(CPTED)(CPTED)
Site DesignSite Design
-- includes features of: Landscaping, Exteriorincludes features of: Landscaping, Exterior
Pedestrian Routes, Vehicular Routes andPedestrian Routes, Vehicular Routes and
Parking, Recreational AreasParking, Recreational Areas
Building designBuilding design featuresfeatures
-- Building organization, Exterior coveredBuilding organization, Exterior covered
corridors, Points of entry, Enclosedcorridors, Points of entry, Enclosed
exterior spaces, Ancillary buildings, Walls,exterior spaces, Ancillary buildings, Walls,
windows, doors, roofs, and Lightingwindows, doors, roofs, and Lighting
102. CRIME PREVENTION THROUGHCRIME PREVENTION THROUGH
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
(CPTED)(CPTED)
Interior spacesInterior spaces
-- include features of: Lobby and receptioninclude features of: Lobby and reception
areas Corridors; Toilets and bathrooms;areas Corridors; Toilets and bathrooms;
Stairs and stairwells; Cafeterias,Stairs and stairwells; Cafeterias,
Auditoriums, Gyms; Libraries and mediaAuditoriums, Gyms; Libraries and media
centers; Classrooms; Locker rooms; Labs,centers; Classrooms; Locker rooms; Labs,
shops, music, computer rooms; andshops, music, computer rooms; and
Administrative areasAdministrative areas
103. CRIME PREVENTION THROUGHCRIME PREVENTION THROUGH
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
(CPTED)(CPTED)
Systems and equipmentSystems and equipment
-- will include features suchwill include features such
as: Alarms andas: Alarms and
surveillance systems; Firesurveillance systems; Fire
control; HVAC &control; HVAC &
mechanical equipment;mechanical equipment;
Vending machines; WaterVending machines; Water
fountains; Elevators;fountains; Elevators;
Telephone and infoTelephone and info
systems.systems.
104. HANDLING ANDHANDLING AND
PROSECUTION OFPROSECUTION OF
SABOTEURS, FRAUDSTERSSABOTEURS, FRAUDSTERS
AND DRUG USERS/PUSHERSAND DRUG USERS/PUSHERS
IN SCHOOL SECURITYIN SCHOOL SECURITY
MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
105. THE BASIC UNDERSTANDING ANDTHE BASIC UNDERSTANDING AND
APPLICATION OF SECURITYAPPLICATION OF SECURITY
“IN PRINCIPLE, THE BEST SECURITY IS WHEN NOT A
SINGLE UNTOWARD INCIDENT HAPPENED DURING ITS’ WATCH.
THE SECURITY SYSTEM APPLIED MUST BE AN EFFECTIVE
DETERRENCE TO ANY POSSIBLE CRIMINAL OFFENSES.”
“DETERRENCE AS PREVENTION, IN ANY COMPARISON, IS
BETTER THAN SOLVING AN INCIDENT BECAUSE ALLOWING AN
INCIDENT TO HAPPEN AND BE ABLE TO SOLVE IT
SUBSEQUENTLY DOES NOT GIVE AN IMPRESSION OF GOOD
SERVICE.”
“IN TERMS OF COST, PREVENTION IS LESS EXPENSIVE.
TALKING OF COLATERAL DAMAGE, IT IS NIL. DAY TO DAY
ACTIVITIES ARE NORMAL AND NO UNNECESSARY DISRUPTION
THEREBY INSURING THE GOOD QUALITY OF LIFE.”
106. EFFECTIVE SECURITYEFFECTIVE SECURITY
SYSTEMSYSTEM
1. WELL-EDUCATED AND TRAINED
PERSONNEL
2. WELL-EQUIPPED GUARDS
(WEAPONS, COMMUNICATION, LIFT,
ETC)
3. TAKING ADVANTAGE OF PHYSICAL
SECURITY (NATURAL VS MAN-MADE)
107. NATURAL
1. RIVER BANK
2. CLIFF
3. WATER
4. HILL
MAN-MADE
1. FENCE
2. BUILDING
3. ENGINEERED
BARRIERS
4. GATE (entrance &
exit)
5. SAFETY
PROCEDURE
108. THREATS TO SCHOOLTHREATS TO SCHOOL
SECURITYSECURITY
1. TERRORISM
2. COMMON CRIMES
3. DRUG ABUSE & PUSHING
4. JUVENILE DELIQUENCIES
5. PUBLIC DISTURBANCES
111. DRUG ABUSEDRUG ABUSE
(VICTIM AND PUSHING)(VICTIM AND PUSHING)
1. Students
2. Out of school youths/dropouts
3. Student and outsider dealings
or small-time trafficking
112. JUVENILE DELIQUENCIESJUVENILE DELIQUENCIES
1. Gang war
2. Fraternity rivalry
3. Psychological (a transition to
manhood)
PUBLIC DISTURBANCES
1. Picketts/Strikes/Lockout
s
2. Demonstrations/Rallies
114. IN-HOUSE ORGANIZATION
• 30-GUARDS MINIMUM (either
Company Guards or Government
Security Forces)
PROCUREMENT
• BID FOR SERVICE PROVIDER
(Private Security Agencies)
115. TYPES OF SECURITYTYPES OF SECURITY
SERVICE PROVIDERSERVICE PROVIDER
1. Private Security Agency for property
and persons within an area/facility
contracted.
2. Private Detective Agency for
personal security protection service.
116. MODE OF SECURITYMODE OF SECURITY
APPLICATIONAPPLICATION
1. PREVENTION
2. SUPPRESSION
118. EVALUATION PHASEEVALUATION PHASE
1. Conduct of Security Survey
2. Determination of personnel to be
employed and fund sourcing
3. Implication in relations to peace and
order, local and national laws, tradition
and culture, etc.
119. IMPLEMENTATION PHASEIMPLEMENTATION PHASE
1. Procurement of security services
2. Construction of physical security
system, if necessary.
3. Set-up the security system in place with
personnel, equipment, facilities, etc.
121. CITIZEN’S ARRESTCITIZEN’S ARREST
1. Commission of Crime
a. About to be committed
b. Being committed
c. Had just been committed
2. Personal knowledge of the crime
3. Fugitive of the Law
124. CRIME SCENE PROTECTIONCRIME SCENE PROTECTION
1. Never touch any evidence because
each evidence has a story to tell
2. Help secure the crime scene until the
police line is installed by the police
3. Always call the police whenever there
is a crime incident
4. Drive the crowd away from the crime
scene so as not to disturb the
evidences
125. HANDLING OF SUSPECTHANDLING OF SUSPECT
1. Observe the Constitutional Rights of the
suspect/accused.
2. Non-violent
– Keep talking to the suspect and get a possible
cooperation without offending him while calling
and/or waiting for the police.
– Take note of what the suspect is telling you, jot
down those relevant statements and evaluate it
later which may have bearing to the case in
progress.
– Turn-over the suspect(s), witnesses and evidences
to the police and have it recorded and/or
receipted.
126. 3. VIOLENT
– Use necessary force to subdue the suspect
or call and wait for the police to do the job.
– If subdued, hogtie and lock the suspect in a
room, if any.
– Apply the above-enumerated guides in
handling non-violent suspect, when he
becomes sober.
127. INVESTIGATION ANDINVESTIGATION AND
PROSECUTIONPROSECUTION
1. In urban areas, there is always a prosecutor
available during non-working hours as duty inquest
officer wherein which the police usually brings the
suspect to avoid the possible delay of the case and
the possible counter-charge of arbitrary detention.
2. In areas where there are no inquest prosecutor, the
police does the investigation, determines the prima
facie evidence and then prepares the filing of the
case before the Prosecutor’s Office.
3. Preliminary investigation will be conducted later by
the assigned prosecutor to determine the probable
cause as basis for filing of the case in court.
128. COORDINATION READINESSCOORDINATION READINESS
1. For crime, call the police
2. For illegal drugs, call the PDEA or the PNP
AIDSOTF
3. For fire, call the BFP
4. For bomb, call the police or the PNP EOD or the
AFP EOD
5. Do not limit the call for assistance for the
barangay officials where your school is located
and you may have the incident recorded in their
own blotter.
6. Maintain the telephone numbers of all of the
above offices
130. Electricity usually does not look
hazardous. Many people have been
electrocuted when they thought they
knew what they were doing.
Today almost all industries and
manufacturing relies on electricity in
the workplace – from lighting to
operating complex machinery.
131. Our personal safety depends on understanding
and practicing three (3) things:
o Basic principles of electrical safety
o Safe work practices
o Correct response to emergencies
132. Basic Electrical TermsBasic Electrical Terms
VOLTAGE (E)
The difference in potentials between two
points (measured in volts).
Conversion:
1 kilovolt = 1000 volts
133. Basic Electrical TermsBasic Electrical Terms
CURRENT (I)
The movement or flow of electric charges
(measured in amperes).
Conversion:
1 ampere = 1000 milliamperes
134. Basic Electrical TermsBasic Electrical Terms
RESISTANCE (R)
The property of
material which
opposes the flow of
electric current
(measured in ohms).
135. Basic Electrical TermsBasic Electrical Terms
OHM’S LAW
The current flowing in a circuit is directly
proportional to the voltage and inversely
proportional to the resistance.
137. Basic Electrical TermsBasic Electrical Terms
CONDUCTOR
Permits electrons or electric current to flow
through it.
138. Basic Electrical TermsBasic Electrical Terms
INSULATOR
Used to provide barrier around a conductor
(to prevent accidental contact).
139. Insulators have a very high resistance to the flow
of electricity and are used to cover wiring and
other electrical components
Conductors have low resistance to electricity and
are used for wires, switches and electrical
connections.
Semiconductors can change their
resistance to act as either a conductor or
an insulator. They are used to make
computer microchips.
140. Basic Electrical TermsBasic Electrical Terms
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
Any combination of a conductor and a source of
electricity connected together to permit electrons
to travel in a continuous stream.
141. Electricity may take multiple paths,
flowing through all possible circuits.
The greatest amount of current will flow
through the path of least resistance, or
lowest impedance.
Any part of your body that accidentally
bridges the gap between two different
voltage levels creates a new electrical
circuit, and your body may provide the
path of least resistance to the ground.
142. Equipment grounding connects all conductive
materials that enclose electrical lines.
Electrical system grounding
protects the circuit from voltages
that may come from lightning or
line upsurges.
Bypassing grounds or careless
handling of grounding connections
can result in electrical fires and
fatal accidents.
143. A circuit-protection device (CPD)
protects against circuit malfunction by
preventing too much current from
passing from the power source
through the rest of the circuit.
If current flow exceeds a CPD’s rated
max amp, the device will stop the flow
by melting, tripping or opening to
break the circuit.
144. Circuit-protection devices:
o Fuses
o Circuit breakers
o Ground-fault circuit-interrupters (GFCIs)
A GFCI is a supersensitive, rapid-action
power switch which breaks a circuit when
there is more than 5 milliamps difference
between the hot wire and the neutral or
grounded conductors.
145. Current Overload:
equipment malfunctions or overheats
too many electrical appliances are on the
same circuit
there is a temporary power surge in the
circuit from lightning or electric motor start
up
insulation between two conductors melts
or wears through, creating a short circuit
back to the power source
146. Resetting Circuit-Protection Devices:
replace the fuse or reset the breaker
wait a while to see if the power stays on
check for any smoke, heat or unusual
odor. If you notice anything out of order,
de-energize the circuit asap.
don’t replace the fuse or reset the breaker
a second time until you find and correct the
problem.
147. Rules for Circuit Protection
do not create an octopus connection
never bypass, bridge nor disable any circuit
protection device
never replace any circuit-protection device in an
energized or live circuit
always be sure that the power is safely off
replace a fuse with an exact duplicate; same rating.
Too high – do not protect the circuit; too low – could
explode and shower you with pieces of glass or metal
use fuse pliers to remove fuses
wear safety glasses for added protection
be sure the markings on the old and new fuses match.
148. Lockout/tagout protects you from
the unexpected start-up of
machines or release of stored
energy during service or
maintenance.
LOCKOUT is blocking the flow of
energy from the power source to
the equipment – and keeping it
blocked out.
149. In a lockout, place a lock on a disconnect
switch, circuit breaker, valve handle to make
sure it cannot be moved from the OFF or
closed position.
In a tagout, you attach a written warning tag at
the place where the equipment would be
energized, such as at the ON switch or on a
valve that opens a supply line.
150. Electrical – can be a direct source
Hydraulic – uses fluid under pressure
Pneumatic – uses air under pressure
Kinetic – the energy created in a moving object
Potential – stored energy such as the energy in
capacitors, compressed air, hydraulics and springs
Pressurized liquids or gases – including steam and
chemicals present in pipes and supply lines
Any other energy – including thermal or mechanical
energy, gravity, pressurized systems and elevated
parts
ENERGY SOURCES
151. Employees Responsibilities
Authorized employee – a person who
locks out or tags our machinery or
equipment in order to service or maintain
it.
Affected employee – an employee
whose work involves use or operation of
equipment under lockout/tagout or who
works in the area where service is being
performed.
152. 1. PREPARATION – know the equipment
and its energy source before working on
it.
2. SHUTDOWN – turn off the equipment
3. ISOLATION – find and isolate every
form of energy that the machine uses.
This includes pulling fuses, throwing
disconnects and capping any secondary
sources of energy.
153. 4. APPLICATION – anything that might
restore the flow of energy to the work area
must be locked out.
In situations where multiple pieces of
equipment are being locked, an authorized
employee places all keys in a lock box to
which each employee attaches his or her
personal lock.
154. 5. CONTROL – even after equipment is
locked out, you must control stored
energy.
Relieve, disconnect or restrain any residual
hazardous energy that could be present
Check that all moving parts have stopped
Relieve trapped pressure
Install ground wires to discharge electrical
capacitors
Block or support elevated equipment
Check continuously if energy build-up is possible.
155. 6. VERIFY
energy source is shut down, blocked off,
controlled and locked out
warn everyone in the lockout area and be
sure they are moved to a safe place.
activate all controls that might restore
power to the machine you are working on.
if equipment does not start, restore all
controls to the OFF position and begin to
work.
156. 1. Restore Work Area
Remove all tools
Double-check all equipment components
Replace all safety features, such as machine
guards
Close access panels that were opened to
perform service on equipment
157. 2. Notify Personnel
Notify all employees that LOTO devices
are being removed. Remove employees
from the area or make sure they are a safe
distance from the equipment,
3. Remove LOTO
DevicesThe person who placed each
device must be the one to remove it. If
someone who placed a LOTO device is
not present, notify your supervisor who
will follow specific procedures. Never
remove it yourself.
158. After all devices are removed,
tell affected employees that
LOTO is ended and that the
equipment is being re-
energized.
Restarting the
Equipment…
159. KNOW THE MACHINES
AND THEIR POWER
SOURCES
Some may have more than one
source of power.
Reminder…
161. Preventing and ProperPreventing and Proper
Handling School CrimesHandling School Crimes
and Violent Behaviorsand Violent Behaviors
162. As a school resourceAs a school resource
officer, administrator orofficer, administrator or
educator your firsteducator your first
responsibility is toresponsibility is to
ensure your students,ensure your students,
staff, faculty, parentsstaff, faculty, parents
and guests are alwaysand guests are always
164. Without Safe andWithout Safe and
Secured School,Secured School,
it is difficult, ifit is difficult, if
not impossiblenot impossible
for learning tofor learning to
take place.take place.
-- Ronald D. Stephens EdDRonald D. Stephens EdD
165. How do we preventHow do we prevent
crimes and violence tocrimes and violence to
happen inside andhappen inside and
within the schoolwithin the school
perimeter?perimeter?
166. "Safety and Security Begins With You.“"Safety and Security Begins With You.“
Its our responsibility not the soleIts our responsibility not the sole
responsibility of the Police or Guardresponsibility of the Police or Guard
168. The cooperation and involvementThe cooperation and involvement
of all members of the communityof all members of the community
in a school safety and securityin a school safety and security
program isprogram is absolutely necessaryabsolutely necessary..
169. Edmund Burke (1729-1797)Edmund Burke (1729-1797) : "The only thing: "The only thing
necessary for the triumph of evil isnecessary for the triumph of evil is
for good men to do nothing."for good men to do nothing."
172. Cycle of Safety and SecurityCycle of Safety and Security
PlanningPlanning
Preparedness
Response
Prevention
Recovery
173. Cycle of Safety and Security PlanningCycle of Safety and Security Planning
Prevention/ MitigationPrevention/ Mitigation – addresses– addresses
what the school can do to reduce orwhat the school can do to reduce or
eliminate risk to life and propertyeliminate risk to life and property
PreparednessPreparedness – focuses on the process– focuses on the process
of planning for the worst caseof planning for the worst case
scenarioscenario
ResponseResponse – devotes to the steps to take– devotes to the steps to take
during crisis or emergencyduring crisis or emergency
RecoveryRecovery – deals with how to restore– deals with how to restore
the learning and teachingthe learning and teaching
environment after crisis andenvironment after crisis and
emergencyemergency
174. Good plans areGood plans are
never finished.never finished.
They can beThey can be
updated based onupdated based on
experience,experience,
research andresearch and
changingchanging
vulnerabilities.vulnerabilities.
School may be inSchool may be in
various stages ofvarious stages of
planning.planning.
175. Areas to be ConsideredAreas to be Considered
• Physical Safety and SecurityPhysical Safety and Security
• Protection of Sensitive InformationProtection of Sensitive Information
• Safety and Security Awareness/EducationSafety and Security Awareness/Education
• Safety and Security InvestigationSafety and Security Investigation
• Risk Analysis and ManagementRisk Analysis and Management
• Emergency Plan and Crisis ManagementEmergency Plan and Crisis Management
• Contractors and Suppliers’ Security and SafetyContractors and Suppliers’ Security and Safety
• Safety and Security InspectionSafety and Security Inspection
• Loss Control and Prevention Management SystemLoss Control and Prevention Management System
• Safety and Security Unit LeadershipSafety and Security Unit Leadership
177. It is important toIt is important to
acknowledge that someacknowledge that some
SCHOOL CRIMES andSCHOOL CRIMES and
VIOLENT BEHAVIORSVIOLENT BEHAVIORS
are more serious than othersare more serious than others
and therefore have a greaterand therefore have a greater
impact on a school. Thoseimpact on a school. Those
acts that cause fear andacts that cause fear and
anxiety on the part of theanxiety on the part of the
victim and community, asvictim and community, as
well as the generalwell as the general
population, require specialpopulation, require special
attention by schoolattention by school
authorities. authorities.
179. PREVENTION STRATEGIESPREVENTION STRATEGIES
• Establish clear andEstablish clear and
consistent lines ofconsistent lines of
communication withcommunication with
Safety and SecuritySafety and Security
Unit, Office of StudentUnit, Office of Student
BehaviorBehavior
• Share information withShare information with
other administrators,other administrators,
OSB Personnel, SSUOSB Personnel, SSU
Personnel and thePersonnel and the
like.like.
180. • Know where students tend toKnow where students tend to
hang out, and if possible,hang out, and if possible,
obtain the name and phoneobtain the name and phone
numbers of the establishmentnumbers of the establishment
they frequent, and report itthey frequent, and report it
to OSB and/or SSU.to OSB and/or SSU.
•Develop sources ofDevelop sources of
information within theinformation within the
community and especially thecommunity and especially the
police station.police station.
182. More people are injuredMore people are injured
while attempting to breakwhile attempting to break
up fights and assaults thanup fights and assaults than
during any other type ofduring any other type of
activity. This generallyactivity. This generally
occurs when the personoccurs when the person
trying to break up the fighttrying to break up the fight
makes several mistakes.makes several mistakes.
184. Adults tend to runAdults tend to run
to fights and onceto fights and once
on the sceneon the scene
immediately jumpimmediately jump
into the middle ofinto the middle of
the fight and startthe fight and start
to pull theto pull the
combatants apart.combatants apart.
This action offersThis action offers
the fighter that rarethe fighter that rare
opportunity to takeopportunity to take
a “free shot” at thea “free shot” at the
intervener.intervener.
186. By not taking a few momentsBy not taking a few moments
upon arrival at the fight scene toupon arrival at the fight scene to
do quick analysis of what isdo quick analysis of what is
occurring, you attempt tooccurring, you attempt to
intervene without knowing whointervene without knowing who
the combatants are, or if there isthe combatants are, or if there is
weapon involved, or who isweapon involved, or who is
winning, or what stage the fight iswinning, or what stage the fight is
in, or if this event was staged forin, or if this event was staged for
your benefit.your benefit.
All of this information isAll of this information is
importantimportant
in helping you decide thein helping you decide the
best course of action to take.best course of action to take.
188. While the Office ofWhile the Office of
Safety and SecuritySafety and Security
Unit is responsible forUnit is responsible for
coordinating campuscoordinating campus
safety and security, thesafety and security, the
primary responsibilityprimary responsibility
for crime preventionfor crime prevention
and personal safetyand personal safety
rests with eachrests with each
individual.individual.
189. Common sense is the bestCommon sense is the best
defense against crime. Here is adefense against crime. Here is a
short list of the basics. short list of the basics.
190. 1. Know your surroundings.1. Know your surroundings.
Keep theKeep the
importantimportant
telephonetelephone
numbers innumbers in
your wallet oryour wallet or
save it in yoursave it in your
mobile phonemobile phone
directorydirectory. .
191. 2.2. Do not leave valuable objects visible inDo not leave valuable objects visible in
an unattended working area, classroom, oran unattended working area, classroom, or
public place.public place.
Simple safety andSimple safety and
security measuressecurity measures
make it too muchmake it too much
work for a badwork for a bad
guy to do a quickguy to do a quick
hit-and-run.hit-and-run.
192. 3. Report suspicious persons on3. Report suspicious persons on
and off-campus.and off-campus.
It is naive to think that the Philippine National PoliceIt is naive to think that the Philippine National Police
officers, Office of Student Behavior officers, Task Forceofficers, Office of Student Behavior officers, Task Force
Safe School personnel, and Safety and Security UnitSafe School personnel, and Safety and Security Unit
Officers can catch every criminal; the school and theOfficers can catch every criminal; the school and the
streets that surround it comprise a large amount ofstreets that surround it comprise a large amount of
space and there are not enough officers to cover everyspace and there are not enough officers to cover every
area all the time.area all the time.
193. 4. Work together.4. Work together.
Neighborhoods are saferNeighborhoods are safer
when the communitywhen the community
takes on thetakes on the
responsibility to makeresponsibility to make
them safer. Students,them safer. Students,
faculty, staff,faculty, staff,
administrators, parents,administrators, parents,
and guests may reportand guests may report
suspicious persons, assuspicious persons, as
well as keep eyes open.well as keep eyes open.
Safety and security areSafety and security are
everybody’s concernseverybody’s concerns..
194. 5. Remember the saying, "There is5. Remember the saying, "There is
always someone watching."always someone watching."
This statement is oftenThis statement is often
true, and many timestrue, and many times
that "someone" could bethat "someone" could be
watching you. Be awarewatching you. Be aware
of your environmentof your environment
and be wary ofand be wary of
conspicuous observers.conspicuous observers.
Taking personalTaking personal
responsibility for yourresponsibility for your
safety and the safety ofsafety and the safety of
your community is moreyour community is more
effective than deployingeffective than deploying
a multitude of officersa multitude of officers
in your area.in your area.
195. 6. When riding a taxicab, be alert. Lock the6. When riding a taxicab, be alert. Lock the
doors. Observe the route the driver takes to getdoors. Observe the route the driver takes to get
to your destination.to your destination.
Before boarding,Before boarding, askask
someone you know to takesomeone you know to take
note of the name, plate andnote of the name, plate and
body number of the taxicab.body number of the taxicab.
If there is no one, pleaseIf there is no one, please
note the details yourself afternote the details yourself after
boarding the taxi. These mayboarding the taxi. These may
be useful later on, especiallybe useful later on, especially
at night or in the earlyat night or in the early
morning. We know that somemorning. We know that some
robbers use taxis whenrobbers use taxis when
committing crimes. committing crimes.
196. 7. Do not take a taxicab that does not7. Do not take a taxicab that does not
have a body number, operator namehave a body number, operator name
or address on both sides.or address on both sides. This type ofThis type of
taxi is usually used by robbers.taxi is usually used by robbers.
197. 8. While this list is not all-inclusive,8. While this list is not all-inclusive,
the crime rate on- and off-campusthe crime rate on- and off-campus
will decrease if we follow thesewill decrease if we follow these
common-sense rules.common-sense rules. it is important toit is important to
remember that crime can happen anywhere andremember that crime can happen anywhere and
anytime. Keep watch and stay safe. anytime. Keep watch and stay safe.
199. CRIME PREVENTION IS EVERYBODY’SCRIME PREVENTION IS EVERYBODY’S
BUSINESS AND CONCERNBUSINESS AND CONCERN
REPORT ALL CRIMES OR ELSE YOUREPORT ALL CRIMES OR ELSE YOU
MIGHT BE THE NEXT VICTIMMIGHT BE THE NEXT VICTIM
THANK YOU!!THANK YOU!!
MILLER F. PECKLEYMILLER F. PECKLEY
200. Emergency Planning for SchoolsEmergency Planning for Schools
SCHOOL SECURITY DISASTERSCHOOL SECURITY DISASTER
MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
201. Commonly-Used Terms inCommonly-Used Terms in
Disaster ManagementDisaster Management
DisasterDisaster means a serious disruption of the functioning of ameans a serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or society causing widespread human, material,community or society causing widespread human, material,
economic or environmental losses.economic or environmental losses.
EmergencyEmergency refers to a sudden occurrence demandingrefers to a sudden occurrence demanding
immediate action that may be due to epidemics, natural orimmediate action that may be due to epidemics, natural or
technological catastrophes, strife or any other human-madetechnological catastrophes, strife or any other human-made
causes.causes.
Disaster ManagementDisaster Management means the range of activities priormeans the range of activities prior
to, during, and after the disasters, designed to maintain controlto, during, and after the disasters, designed to maintain control
over disasters and to provide a framework for helping at – riskover disasters and to provide a framework for helping at – risk
persons and/or communities to avoid, minimize, or recover frompersons and/or communities to avoid, minimize, or recover from
the impact of the disasters.the impact of the disasters.
202. MitigationMitigation refers to measures taken in advance of arefers to measures taken in advance of a
disaster aimed at reducing its impact on society anddisaster aimed at reducing its impact on society and
environment.environment.
PreparednessPreparedness refers to measures taken to predictrefers to measures taken to predict
various emergencies and prepare people to reactvarious emergencies and prepare people to react
appropriately during and following such events.appropriately during and following such events.
ResponseResponse refers to measures taken immediately priorrefers to measures taken immediately prior
to, and following an emergency. Such measures areto, and following an emergency. Such measures are
directed towards saving life, protecting property, anddirected towards saving life, protecting property, and
dealing with the immediate damage caused by the disaster.dealing with the immediate damage caused by the disaster.
Commonly-Used Terms inCommonly-Used Terms in
Disaster ManagementDisaster Management
203. RehabilitationRehabilitation refers to measures taken to restorerefers to measures taken to restore
affected communities/areas to their proper or normal level ofaffected communities/areas to their proper or normal level of
functioning or actual condition prior to the occurrence of thefunctioning or actual condition prior to the occurrence of the
disaster or calamity.disaster or calamity.
Disaster RiskDisaster Risk is the probability or harmfulis the probability or harmful
consequences or expected losses in terms of death, injuries,consequences or expected losses in terms of death, injuries,
property, livelihoods, economic activity or damage to theproperty, livelihoods, economic activity or damage to the
environment, resulting from interactions between natural orenvironment, resulting from interactions between natural or
human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions.human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions.
HazardHazard means a potentially damaging physical event,means a potentially damaging physical event,
phenomenon and/or human activity, which may cause thephenomenon and/or human activity, which may cause the
loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economicloss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic
disruption or environmental degradation.disruption or environmental degradation.
Commonly-Used Terms inCommonly-Used Terms in
Disaster ManagementDisaster Management
204. CapabilityCapability refers to the qualitative assessment of humanrefers to the qualitative assessment of human
and material resources. E.g. ability, competence, authority.and material resources. E.g. ability, competence, authority.
CapacityCapacity refers to the quantitative assessment ofrefers to the quantitative assessment of
human and material resources. e.g. number, volume, size.human and material resources. e.g. number, volume, size.
VulnerabilityVulnerability is a set of conditions resulting fromis a set of conditions resulting from
physical, social, economic and environmental factors whichphysical, social, economic and environmental factors which
increase susceptibility to losses from the impact of hazards.increase susceptibility to losses from the impact of hazards.
Commonly-Used Terms inCommonly-Used Terms in
Disaster ManagementDisaster Management
205. ResilienceResilience means the ability to withstand the damagemeans the ability to withstand the damage
caused by disasters, which includes all the factors that allowcaused by disasters, which includes all the factors that allow
a community to respond to and recover from emergencies.a community to respond to and recover from emergencies.
Disaster Risk ManagementDisaster Risk Management is the process ofis the process of
identifying, analyzing and quantifying probability of lossesidentifying, analyzing and quantifying probability of losses
from disasters in order to undertake preventive or correctivefrom disasters in order to undertake preventive or corrective
actions.actions.
Commonly-Used Terms inCommonly-Used Terms in
Disaster ManagementDisaster Management
206. plans, early warning,plans, early warning,
SOPs, training &SOPs, training &
exercises, organizationexercises, organization
disaster /disaster /
emergencyemergency
situationsituation
stabilizedstabilized
no longer direct threat tono longer direct threat to
life/safety and propertylife/safety and property
““healing”, repair,healing”, repair,
reconstruction &reconstruction &
recoveryrecovery
mostlymostly
back toback to
normalnormal
hazard/risk ID &hazard/risk ID &
analysisanalysis
-hazard data-hazard data
collection/mapping;collection/mapping;
vulnerabilityvulnerability
assessmentassessment
reduce risk &reduce risk &
vulnerability;vulnerability;
establishestablish
protectiveprotective
mechanismsmechanisms
Mitigation Preparedness
Rehabilitation Response
pre eventpre event
post eventpost event
207. Enabling policies, plans, programs and strategies for DP
DP Plans/Contingency Plans
Hazards Assessment
Regular Drills and Simulation Exercises
Training and Education
Early Warning System
Information Management System
Networking/Linkages
Organization
- Operating Facility- Operating Facility
- Meeting Regularly- Meeting Regularly
- Basic Tools & Equipment for DP- Basic Tools & Equipment for DP
- Emergency Teams (Response Blocks)- Emergency Teams (Response Blocks)
Standards for Disaster PreparednessStandards for Disaster Preparedness
208. How to control crisis in times of emergency?
Disasters happen when least expected, putting
the school off-guard.
There’s a need for forward planning to prepare
for the unexpected.
There’s a need for a contingency plan to
facilitate mobilization of response and ensure close
coordination among key departments in the school
such as security, administration, public relations, etc.
ARE YOU PREPARED?ARE YOU PREPARED?
FOR THE UNEXPECTED OR THEFOR THE UNEXPECTED OR THE
UNTHINKABLEUNTHINKABLE
210. Answering the 3 WsAnswering the 3 Ws
• Why Conduct Contingency PlanningWhy Conduct Contingency Planning
• What is Contingency Planning?What is Contingency Planning?
• When to do Contingency PlanningWhen to do Contingency Planning
212. Why Contingency Planning?Why Contingency Planning?
• RP is constantly beset by natural disastersRP is constantly beset by natural disasters
due to its geographical locationdue to its geographical location
• Man-made and Technological Disasters -Man-made and Technological Disasters -
fires, civil unrest, armed conflict, epidemics,fires, civil unrest, armed conflict, epidemics,
oil spills and emerging threats of terrorism –oil spills and emerging threats of terrorism –
are also recurrentare also recurrent
213. Why Contingency Planning?Why Contingency Planning?
• These disasters are major sources of riskThese disasters are major sources of risk
especially for the poor, elderly. women andespecially for the poor, elderly. women and
even children because they have the leasteven children because they have the least
capability to deal with disasterscapability to deal with disasters
• They cause loss of development gains andThey cause loss of development gains and
wealth in developing countries like thewealth in developing countries like the
PhilippinesPhilippines
• Most often, disasters occur when leastMost often, disasters occur when least
expected.expected.
214. Why Contingency Planning?Why Contingency Planning?
We cannot avoid them, but weWe cannot avoid them, but we
can mitigate their effects throughcan mitigate their effects through
timely, effective and responsivetimely, effective and responsive
PLANNING.PLANNING.
215. Q.Q. Why do Contingency Planning?Why do Contingency Planning?
A. To save time by:A. To save time by:
Identifying scenarios in advanceIdentifying scenarios in advance
Determining key policies in advanceDetermining key policies in advance
Defining objectives in advanceDefining objectives in advance
Identifying activities in advanceIdentifying activities in advance
Assign likely responsibilities in advance…Assign likely responsibilities in advance…
Preparing a plan in advance –Preparing a plan in advance –
to save livesto save lives
216. Mobilizing effective actions and resources forMobilizing effective actions and resources for
emergency response;emergency response;
Generating commitment among partiesGenerating commitment among parties
involved to act in a coordinated manner beforeinvolved to act in a coordinated manner before
the emergency occurs, andthe emergency occurs, and
Providing for mechanism for decision-makingProviding for mechanism for decision-making
Q.Q.Why do Contingency Planning?Why do Contingency Planning?
B. To assist in:B. To assist in:
217. Typical IssuesTypical Issues
Related toRelated to
EmergenciesEmergencies
Typical IssuesTypical Issues
Related toRelated to
EmergenciesEmergencies
219. Emerging
Needs
Engineering
Too many expextations
Too few resources
Too many actors
Too many needs
Too little time
WHO?WHO?
Issue 2 – Enormous NeedsIssue 2 – Enormous Needs
Old Needs
Medical
Security
General
Services
Student
Affairs
COCOPEA
LGUs
DEPEd
CHED
PASUC
NGOs
PrivatePrivate
SectorSector
Administration
220. Government
ResponseScenario A
Plan & Activities
Scenario B
Scenario C
Plan A
Plan B
Plan C
Results of UncoordinatedResults of Uncoordinated PlanningPlanning
Sectoral
Response
Scenario A
Plan & Activities
Scenario B
Scenario C
Plan A
Plan B
Plan C
NGOResponse
Scenario A
Plan & Activities
Scenario B
Scenario C
Plan A
Plan B
Plan C
Donors’
Response
Scenario A
Plan & Activities
Scenario B
Scenario C
Plan A
Plan B
Plan C
Host Gov’t Knowledge Base
Scenario A
Contingency Planning
Scenario B
Scenario C
Plan A
Plan B
Plan C
Gov’t Knowledge Base
Scenario A
Contingency Planning
Scenario B
Scenario C
Plan A
Plan B
Plan C
Victims
Response
Scenario A
Contingency Planning
Scenario B
Scenario C
Plan A
Plan B
Plan C
Go
v’t Kn
ow
ledge Base
Scenario A
Co
ntingency Planning
Scenario B
Scenario C
Plan
A
Plan
B
Plan
C
NGO Partner Knowledge Base
Scenario A
Contingency Planning
Scenario B
Scenario C
Plan A
Plan B
Plan C
Issue 3 – Difficult CoordinationIssue 3 – Difficult Coordination
221. What isWhat is Contingency PlanningContingency Planning
“A forward planning process, in a state of
uncertainty, in which scenarios and objectives are
agreed, managerial and technical actions defined,
and potential response systems put in place in order
to prevent, or better respond to, an emergency or
critical situation.”
222. • What isWhat is Contingency PlanningContingency Planning
““Contingency”Contingency” simply means the emergency for
which the response plan is being developed may or
may not take place.
“Planning”“Planning” implies that the response mechanism has
to be set in place before the emergency event
225. When to do Contingency Planning
1.
As early
as right NOW
2.
LATER, when
we have more
information ?
3.
JUST BEFORE
the event, to maximise
information ?
4.
RIGHT AFTER
the exact damage
is known?
When to Begin Contingency Planning
226. “It is better to plan when it is not
needed, than not to have planned when
it was necessary”.
227. Who should be involved?Who should be involved?
CONTINGENCY
PLANNING
229. • School AdministrationSchool Administration
• Those who will actually be assumingThose who will actually be assuming
emergency response tasksemergency response tasks
– PolicyPolicy
– ManagerialManagerial
– TechnicalTechnical
• Facilitating teamFacilitating team
Who are to be involvedWho are to be involved
in CPin CP
231. Scanning the Environment
Generating ScenariosScenarios
(Anatomy of emergency)
Predicting Needs
Employ indicators
Taking stock
Of Resources
Arranging Response System & ActionsSystem & Actions
Setting policiespolicies
and sectoral objectives
Identify GapsGaps
Endorsement & Activation
234. Chapter I – General Situation andChapter I – General Situation and
ScenariosScenarios
Chapter I – General Situation andChapter I – General Situation and
ScenariosScenarios
A. Background and RationaleA. Background and Rationale
* Briefly describe the various hazards affecting the community* Briefly describe the various hazards affecting the community
and their effects on lives and propertiesand their effects on lives and properties
* From these hazards/threats, identify the specific disaster* From these hazards/threats, identify the specific disaster
event or threat to plan forevent or threat to plan for
* Identify three (3) possible scenarios (bad, worse and worst* Identify three (3) possible scenarios (bad, worse and worst
cases) and plan for the “worst case” scenariocases) and plan for the “worst case” scenario
* Indicate planning assumptions including timeline or window of* Indicate planning assumptions including timeline or window of
occurrenceoccurrence
(Refer to activity outputs in Environmental Scanning and Defining the(Refer to activity outputs in Environmental Scanning and Defining the
Emergency Situation)Emergency Situation)
235. Chapter II –Chapter II – GeneralGeneral Policies and ObjectivesPolicies and Objectives
* Identify national, local and agreed policies and* Identify national, local and agreed policies and
general objectives of the contingency plangeneral objectives of the contingency plan
* Identify national, local and agreed policies and* Identify national, local and agreed policies and
general objectives of the contingency plangeneral objectives of the contingency plan
Chapter III - Sectoral Plans and ArrangementsChapter III - Sectoral Plans and Arrangements
A. Allocation of Responsibilities according to needsA. Allocation of Responsibilities according to needs
* Command, Control and Coordination* Command, Control and Coordination
* Public Information (IEC) and Media Relation* Public Information (IEC) and Media Relation
** CommunicationCommunication
236. RegistrationRegistration
Logistics and TransportLogistics and Transport
Environment SanitationEnvironment Sanitation
Shelter and other InfrastructureShelter and other Infrastructure
SecuritySecurity
Search and Rescue (SAR)Search and Rescue (SAR)
Fire SuppressionFire Suppression
Emergency Medical ServiceEmergency Medical Service
237. Relief ServiceRelief Service
FoodFood
WaterWater
Utilities (Chart)Utilities (Chart)
Evacuation ServiceEvacuation Service
Post –Trauma/StressPost –Trauma/Stress
DebriefingDebriefing
HygieneHygiene
238. OthersOthers
B. Brief description of sector situation when theB. Brief description of sector situation when the
emergency occursemergency occurs
C. Sectoral ObjectivesC. Sectoral Objectives
D. Sectoral Indicators as appropriateD. Sectoral Indicators as appropriate
E. Existing sector resources vs. projectedE. Existing sector resources vs. projected
needsneeds
F. Concept of Operation (Flow Chart)F. Concept of Operation (Flow Chart)
239. Chapter IV – Procedures for feedback, upgradingChapter IV – Procedures for feedback, upgrading
and future actionand future action
Describe how the Plan will be updated and revised,Describe how the Plan will be updated and revised,
who will be responsible for ensuring this and howwho will be responsible for ensuring this and how
the information will be disseminated.the information will be disseminated.
The P/C/M Planning Development Officer shall beThe P/C/M Planning Development Officer shall be
the OPR for updating, revising and consolidatingthe OPR for updating, revising and consolidating
contingency placontingency plan who shall ensure that alln who shall ensure that all
informations relative to said plan shall be properlyinformations relative to said plan shall be properly
disseminated to all concerns.disseminated to all concerns.
240. ““The survival of mankind willThe survival of mankind will
depend upon people who thinkdepend upon people who think
differently to act together”differently to act together”
HofstedeHofstede
Cross-Cultural TheoristCross-Cultural Theorist
241. SECURITY
TEAM
TYPICAL ORGANIZATION OFTYPICAL ORGANIZATION OF
DISASTER CONTROL GROUPDISASTER CONTROL GROUP
CHAIRMAN
ASST. CHAIRMAN
STAFF ELEMENTS
DCG
OPERATIONS CENTER
SUPPLY
TEAM
TRANSPORTATION
TEAM
COMMUNICATION
TEAM
OPERATIONS TEAM
WARNING
TEAM
EVACUATION
TEAM
FIRE BRIGADE
TEAM
RESCUE
TEAM
MEDICAL
TEAM
DAMAGE
CONTROL
TEAM
242. SECURITY TEAM
DISASTER CONTROL GROUPDISASTER CONTROL GROUP
ORGANIZATIONAL CHARTORGANIZATIONAL CHART
CHAIRMAN
ASST. CHAIRMAN
DISASTER CONTROL
GROUP
OPERATIONS CENTER
STAFF & SERVICE TEAMS
EVACUATION
TEAM LEADER
WING
LEADER
FLOOR
LEADER
AREA
LEADER
SUPPLY TEAM
TRANSPORTATION
TEAM
COMMUNICATIONS
TEAM
WARNING TEAM
MEDICAL TEAM
ENGINEERING/ RESCUE
TEAM
FIRE BRIGADE TEAM
DAMAGE CONTROL
TEAM
ELEVATOR
MONITOR
STAIRWAY
MONITOR
ROOM
MONITOR
243. DISASTER CONTROL GROUPDISASTER CONTROL GROUP
CORE DUTIESCORE DUTIES
ChairmanChairman is responsible for developing the plan tois responsible for developing the plan to
protect life and property and to minimize damage in theprotect life and property and to minimize damage in the
event of a civil defense emergency or other disaster.event of a civil defense emergency or other disaster.
Assistant ChairmanAssistant Chairman serves as the Principal Assistant toserves as the Principal Assistant to
DCG Chairman and acts for him in his absence and performsDCG Chairman and acts for him in his absence and performs
such duties the Chairman may assign to him, in addition tosuch duties the Chairman may assign to him, in addition to
being the Deputy.being the Deputy.
STAFF ELEMENTS:STAFF ELEMENTS:
Security Team LeaderSecurity Team Leader shall be responsible for securingshall be responsible for securing
vacated buildings, hospitals, establishments, factories, schools,vacated buildings, hospitals, establishments, factories, schools,
etc., or areas of evacuation centers and areas of operations.etc., or areas of evacuation centers and areas of operations.
244. DISASTER CONTROL GROUPDISASTER CONTROL GROUP
CORE DUTIESCORE DUTIES
Supply Team LeaderSupply Team Leader shall be responsible forshall be responsible for
determining the supply requirements of all action teams. Hedetermining the supply requirements of all action teams. He
shall Identify the sources of such supplies as may be needed.shall Identify the sources of such supplies as may be needed.
Transportation Team LeaderTransportation Team Leader shall be responsible for theshall be responsible for the
transport needs. He shall determine the transportation needstransport needs. He shall determine the transportation needs
and requirements.and requirements.
Communication Team LeaderCommunication Team Leader shall be responsible forshall be responsible for
Receipt of warning information from the local CivilReceipt of warning information from the local Civil
Defense Director or other authoritative sources andDefense Director or other authoritative sources and
disseminates such warning to all offices and personnel.disseminates such warning to all offices and personnel.
245. OPERATIONS TEAMS:OPERATIONS TEAMS:
Warning Team LeaderWarning Team Leader should insure that warningshould insure that warning
signals can be received by all occupants and offices. Hesignals can be received by all occupants and offices. He
insures that all occupants should be educated on theinsures that all occupants should be educated on the
meaning of different warning signals or alarms andmeaning of different warning signals or alarms and
necessary actions to be taken.necessary actions to be taken.
Evacuation Team LeaderEvacuation Team Leader is responsible for supervisingis responsible for supervising
and expediting the planned and controlled movement of alland expediting the planned and controlled movement of all
building occupants in an emergency.building occupants in an emergency.
Fire Brigade Team LeaderFire Brigade Team Leader organizes the fir-fightingorganizes the fir-fighting
teams or brigades for initial fire-fighting operations.teams or brigades for initial fire-fighting operations.
DISASTER CONTROL GROUPDISASTER CONTROL GROUP
CORE DUTIESCORE DUTIES
246. DISASTER CONTROL GROUPDISASTER CONTROL GROUP
CORE DUTIESCORE DUTIES
Rescue Team LeaderRescue Team Leader is responsible for locating injured oris responsible for locating injured or
trapped persons and transferring them to a place wheretrapped persons and transferring them to a place where
they can be taken cared of during an emergency.they can be taken cared of during an emergency.
Medical Team LeaderMedical Team Leader as head of the Health and First-as head of the Health and First-
Aid Team, is responsible for training and equipping allAid Team, is responsible for training and equipping all
personnel assigned to perform medical and first-aid servicespersonnel assigned to perform medical and first-aid services
in emergency, and for supervising these operations within thein emergency, and for supervising these operations within the
building during emergency.building during emergency.
Damage & Control Team LeaderDamage & Control Team Leader is responsible foris responsible for
controlling utilities in the facility or building duringcontrolling utilities in the facility or building during
emergency.emergency.
247. DCC-DCG NETWORKING & LINKAGESDCC-DCG NETWORKING & LINKAGES
NATIONAL DISASTER
COORDINATING COUNCILS
REGIONAL
DCC
EFFECTIVE RESPONSE BLOCKEFFECTIVE RESPONSE BLOCK
OFFICE OF CIVIL
DEFENSE-NATIONAL
DISASTER
MANAGEMENT CENTER
(OCD-NDMC)
DISASTER CONTROL
GROUP
DANA EMSSAR RELIEF &
EVACUATION
FIRE
SUPPRESSION
MFR
Teams
PICE
ASEP
51ST
EBD
PNRC
BFP-EMS
DOH
CSSR
Teams
51st
EBDE
BFP
DSWD
DOH
PNRC
AFP
RESCOM
PGH
AUXILIARY RESPONSE GROUPS
P/M/C/BDCC
Command/Control/Coordination
248. Arday
Bocil
Cagara
R= H x V (c)R= H x V (c)
1. What is the hazard?
2. What vulnerabilities?
3. What elements are at-risk?
4. What constitute capacities?
5. Which one is the most at-risk?
249. Contingency PlanningContingency Planning :: The Process and CP FormatThe Process and CP Format
WORKSHOPWORKSHOP
I. Environmental ScanningI. Environmental Scanning
A. Hazard & Risk Identification – Activity 1A. Hazard & Risk Identification – Activity 1
Instructions:Instructions:
1. Divide the participants into four (4) groups.1. Divide the participants into four (4) groups.
2. List out the most important specific hazards in the school,2. List out the most important specific hazards in the school,
limit to 10.limit to 10.
3. Assess the school vulnerabilities and capacities with regard3. Assess the school vulnerabilities and capacities with regard
to these hazards and rate them according to:to these hazards and rate them according to:
a) chance to occura) chance to occur
b) severity of impactb) severity of impact
250. Risk Assessment TableRisk Assessment Table
Rank Hazard P I Average Recommended Actions to Decrease
Damages from Future Disasters
Duration: 10 minutesDuration: 10 minutes
FORM 1
Contingency PlanningContingency Planning :: The Process and CP FormatThe Process and CP Format
WORKSHOPWORKSHOP
4. Use the form below:4. Use the form below:
251. Contingency PlanningContingency Planning :: The Process and CP FormatThe Process and CP Format
WORKSHOPWORKSHOP
RISK RATINGRISK RATING
ProbabilityProbability ImpactImpact
1.1. Most unlikelyMost unlikely 1. Negligible1. Negligible
2.2. Low ProbabilityLow Probability 2. Low Impact2. Low Impact
3.3. PerhapsPerhaps 3. Maintain Impact3. Maintain Impact
4.4. High ProbabilityHigh Probability 4. High Impact4. High Impact
5.5. Almost CertainAlmost Certain 5. Devastating5. Devastating
252. Contingency Planning :Contingency Planning : The Process and CP FormatThe Process and CP Format
WORKSHOPWORKSHOP
B. Defining the Event to plan for/Hazard Analysis – Activity 2B. Defining the Event to plan for/Hazard Analysis – Activity 2
Instruction:Instruction:
1. Group the participants per province/city/region1. Group the participants per province/city/region
2. Based on Activity 2 output, ask per group to identify the2. Based on Activity 2 output, ask per group to identify the
event to plan for.event to plan for.
3. Draw the location map and identify critical facilities at risk.3. Draw the location map and identify critical facilities at risk.
4. Ask them to conduct an anatomy of this event by identifying4. Ask them to conduct an anatomy of this event by identifying
the root causes, early warning indicators and triggeringthe root causes, early warning indicators and triggering
253. 4. Use the form below:4. Use the form below:
Duration : 10 minutesDuration : 10 minutes
Event to plan for:_______________________________________Event to plan for:_______________________________________
Root Causes Early Warning
Triggering
Factor
Impact/
Elements at
Risk
FORM 2
254. NEEDS AND ACTIVITIESNEEDS AND ACTIVITIES
IDENTIFICATIONIDENTIFICATION
Purpose of this Activity:Purpose of this Activity: To determine the variousTo determine the various
Sectors likely to be involved should the eventSectors likely to be involved should the event
identified to plan for occur. These identified Sectorsidentified to plan for occur. These identified Sectors
will develop their respective Sectoral plans to formwill develop their respective Sectoral plans to form
part of the Contingency Plan.part of the Contingency Plan.
Examples:Examples: Food sector, Search & Rescue,Food sector, Search & Rescue,
Evacuation, Security, Public Information, Water &Evacuation, Security, Public Information, Water &
SanitationSanitation