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MAKING
GENERALIZATIO
NS
WHAT IS A GENERALIZATION?

• A broad statement
about a group of people
or things.
• It states something they
have in common.
“FAULTY”
GENERALIZATIONS
• Faulty means false.
–Not supported by
facts
–Watch for the key
“I don’t like peppers.
words: none, all,
They’re all hot!”
always, never,
everyone, nobody
“CHOCOLATE IS
EVERYONE’S FAVORITE
DESSERT .”

• What is wrong with this generalization?
• How could you make it a valid generalization?
“A friend of mine got food
poisoning from MacDonald's
last week. I'm never going
there again!”
Fords
Ford is an American-made car.
I owned a Ford, and it broke down all the time.
A car that breaks down all the time is not very
good.
American-made cars are not very good.
KEY WORDS

• Sometimes
• Always
• Never
• Most
• Many
• All
• Generally
“VALID” GENERALIZATIONS
• Valid means true.
– Supported by facts
– Agrees with what you
already know about
the topic
– Uses logic and
common sense
– Proven with several
examples
READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE:

Ginger is one of my best friends.
When I enter my home, she races to
greet me with kisses and excited
leaps. She acts like it’s been eight
days since she’s seen me, instead of
the actual eight hours. Her coat is
honey brown; her eyes are large and
loving.
Making generalizations
She’s a six- month old cocker
spaniel puppy, a breed originally
intended to hunt birds in England.
Her faithful companionship
comforts me when I’m sad or sick.
Her playfulness makes me laugh
when she races after a toy I’ve
tossed. All cocker spaniels make
perfect pets.
WHAT GENERALIZATION IS MADE IN
THE PASSAGE?
• All cocker spaniels
make perfect pets.
ALL COCKER SPANIELS MAKE PERFECT
PETS.
• Is this a valid generalization?
• Does the author:
– Use facts to support the idea?
– Share past experiences to
support the idea?
– Provide several examples?
– Use logical thinking?
REMEMBER:

• Generalizations make broad
statements about a group.
• Some a valid, others are faulty.
• Valid generalizations are
supported by facts, examples,
and logical thinking.
• Watch out for words like all or
never.

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Making generalizations

  • 2. WHAT IS A GENERALIZATION? • A broad statement about a group of people or things. • It states something they have in common.
  • 3. “FAULTY” GENERALIZATIONS • Faulty means false. –Not supported by facts –Watch for the key “I don’t like peppers. words: none, all, They’re all hot!” always, never, everyone, nobody
  • 4. “CHOCOLATE IS EVERYONE’S FAVORITE DESSERT .” • What is wrong with this generalization? • How could you make it a valid generalization?
  • 5. “A friend of mine got food poisoning from MacDonald's last week. I'm never going there again!”
  • 6. Fords Ford is an American-made car. I owned a Ford, and it broke down all the time. A car that breaks down all the time is not very good. American-made cars are not very good.
  • 7. KEY WORDS • Sometimes • Always • Never • Most • Many • All • Generally
  • 8. “VALID” GENERALIZATIONS • Valid means true. – Supported by facts – Agrees with what you already know about the topic – Uses logic and common sense – Proven with several examples
  • 9. READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE: Ginger is one of my best friends. When I enter my home, she races to greet me with kisses and excited leaps. She acts like it’s been eight days since she’s seen me, instead of the actual eight hours. Her coat is honey brown; her eyes are large and loving.
  • 11. She’s a six- month old cocker spaniel puppy, a breed originally intended to hunt birds in England. Her faithful companionship comforts me when I’m sad or sick. Her playfulness makes me laugh when she races after a toy I’ve tossed. All cocker spaniels make perfect pets.
  • 12. WHAT GENERALIZATION IS MADE IN THE PASSAGE? • All cocker spaniels make perfect pets.
  • 13. ALL COCKER SPANIELS MAKE PERFECT PETS. • Is this a valid generalization? • Does the author: – Use facts to support the idea? – Share past experiences to support the idea? – Provide several examples? – Use logical thinking?
  • 14. REMEMBER: • Generalizations make broad statements about a group. • Some a valid, others are faulty. • Valid generalizations are supported by facts, examples, and logical thinking. • Watch out for words like all or never.

Editor's Notes

  1. Birds have feathers.
  2. The key words change the meaning of the generalization. Some flowers have petals. Flowers always have petals. Flowers never have petals. Most flowers have petals. Many flowers have petals. All flowers have petals. Flowers generally have petals. You have to be VERY careful if you use the word never. Does it NEVER happen?? Is it remotely possible?? Likewise you have to be careful with the words always and all. They include the whole group. Does it ALWAYS happen??