This document discusses the use of stem cells for dental tissue engineering. It outlines several types of dental stem cells that can be used, including dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, and periodontal ligament stem cells. These stem cells have applications in regenerating damaged dental tissues and inducing bone regeneration. Key elements of dental tissue engineering include scaffolds to support cell attachment and growth factor delivery, as well as the stem cells themselves. Dental stem cells show promise for developing new treatments for repairing damaged teeth and other dental tissues, but more research is still needed.

1. STEM CELLS FOR DENTAL TISSUE
ENGINEERING
By
Sherly George
MSc Biomedical Science
Manchester Metropolitan University

2. Stem CellsStem cells:
 Undifferentiated cells
 Develop into differentiated cells
with distinctive features and
functions
Ameloblasts Odontoblasts
Enamel dentin
Christopherson and Nesti Stem Cell Research & Therapy 2011
Dental tissue
formation

3. Tooth anatomy
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4. TYPES OF DENTAL STEM CELLS
• Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs)
• Stem cells from human exfoliated
deciduous teeth (SHEDs)
• Periodontal Ligament (PDLSCs)
• Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs)
• Apical papilla (SCAPs)
Adapted from http://ww.bioscience.org.

5. Dental pulp stem cells
• Multipotent cells
• High proliferation rates
• Accessibility
• Generate dentin complex
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6. Loss of tooth
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dental caries
periodotitis
traumatic injury
Pathological syndrome

7. Key elements of dental tissue engineering
scaffold
Stem cells
Growth factors

8. Scaffolds
• Cell attachment & migration
• Permit delivery of growth factors
• Enable influx of oxygen
• Porosity is critical
• Degradation is fundamental
• Should not be toxic
• Ceramics, natural or synthetic
polymers

9. SCAFFOLDS
collagen
Hydroxyapatite
3Dhydrogel
Porous ceramics

10. Growth factors (GF)
• Soluble proteins
• Signaling molecules for cells
• Cell division, tissue differentiation
• Regulate odontogenesis
Bone morphogenic GF
Transforming GF
Fibroblast GF

13. Application of dental stem cells
 Dental Pulp SC -Generate bone, dentin complex
-Repair damaged dental tissues
-Induce bone regeneration
 Periodontal ligament SC
-Form cementum & alveolar bone
-Cures periodontal lesions in pig
 Dental follicle SC -Forms cementum in vivo
 SC from apical papilla -Osteoblasts & odondoblasts
-Regenerative endodontic therapy

14. Advantage of dental stem cells
• New promising therapeutic approach
• Great potential for discovering new treatments & cure
• Can regenerate a damaged tooth
• Differentiate -connective, neural, muscle, bone & dental
tissue
• Repair bone damaged by disease or trauma

15. Disadvantage
 More research required
 DFSCs and SCAPs isolation: needs 3rd molar
 Use of embryonic stem cells
 Not ethical, not easily applicable
 Expensive

17. REFERENCES
• CAVENDER, A. C., APOS, ASOUZA, R. N., GALLER, K. M., KOEKLUE, U., SCHMALZ, G. & SUGGS, L. J. 2011.
Bioengineering of dental stem cells in a PEGylated fibrin gel. Regenerative Medicine.
• LYMPERI, S., LIGOUDISTIANOU, C., TARASLIA, V., KONTAKIOTIS, E. & ANASTASIADOU, E. 2013. Dental Stem Cells and
their Applications in Dental Tissue Engineering. The open dentistry journal.
• ROSA, V., DELLA BONA, A., CAVALCANTI, B. N. & NÖR, J. E. 2012. Tissue engineering: from research to dental
clinics. Dental Materials, 28, 341-348.
• MORAD, G., KHEIRI, L. & KHOJASTEH, A. 2013. Dental pulp stem cells for in vivo bone regeneration: A systematic
review of literature. Archives of Oral Biology, 58, 1818-1827
• Barbara, Zavan, et al. "Dental Pulp Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Strategies for Clinical Application on
Odontoiatric Field." (2011).
• Malhotra, Neeraj, and Kundabala Mala. "Regenerative endodontics as a tissue engineering approach: Past, current
and future." Australian Endodontic Journal38.3 (2012): 137-148.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
https://www.google.com/

18. Thank you