1. CuUnkv sImXpIv
X¿mdm¡nbXv
tPm{^n tP¡ºv
C³
sl¯v C³kvs]ÎÀ
{]mYanImtcmKy tI{µw
AmSn¸pdw
geofferyjacob@gmail.com
9037756810

2. Ncn{Xw
B{^n¡³
B{^n¡³ hwiw
Im«n Xmakw
Dbcങ്ങfn Pohnച്ചnê¶Xv
]£nIfnÂ
]£nIfnÂnìw æcങ്ങn nìw
cà]m
cà]mw
acs¸m¯pIfn ap«bn«nêì

3. Im«nÂ
Im«nÂnìw m«nte¡v
{][m
h ioIcWw {][m ImcWw
Dbcങ്ങfn nìw Xmtg¡v
DjvWtaJebnepw anXiotXmjWtaJebnepw
{][m
{][mambpw Iméì
ssiXy taJebnepw I−Xmbn dnt¸mÀ«v
sU¦n¸
Kp
aª¸
sU¦n¸n, Nnç³ Kpnb, aª¸n, tdmÊv
]
s
]
dnhÀ ]n, shÌv sbn ]n F¶nh
]SÀ¯pì

4. CuUnkv CuPn]vXn
CuUnkv
CuUnkv BÂs_m]nIväkv

5. CuUnkv CuPn]vXn
]IÂ kabw ISnçì þ DZb¯në
tijhpw AkvXab¯në ap¼pw
aëjy kmao]yapÅnS¯v Iméì
ANTHRAPO PHAGIC
s_Ív dqan hscsb¯pì
ho«nëÅnse Ccq− Øeങ്ങfnÂ
hn{iançì

6. CuUnkv BÂs_m]nIväkv
]IÂ kabw ISnçì þ DZb¯në
tijhpw AkvXab¯në ap¼pw
arK kmao]yapÅnS¯v Iméì
ZOONO PHAGIC
knäu«v hsc am{Xta hcmdpÅq
hoSnë ]pd¯v æän¡mSpIfnÂ
hn{iançì

7. hfÀച്ച¡v 4 L«ങ്ങÄ
ap«
emÀÆ
]}¸,
sImXpIv

8. ]}¸bn nìw ]pd¯p hê¶
kmh[m
CuUnkv sImXpæIÄ kmh[mw
CWtNcpì
CW tNcenë tijw B¬sImXpIv
1þ2 Znhkw am{Xw Pohnçì.
B¬ sImXpæIfpsS `£Ww
sNSnIfpsS ocmWv ( NECTUM )

9. CW tNcenë tijw ap«IfpsS hfÀച്ച¡v
s]¬sImXpIn
s]¬sImXpInv 1 þ 3 hsc »Uv aoÂkv thWw
Zln¡m³
Hmtcm »Uv aoepw Zln¡m³ 2 þ 7 Znhkw thWw
3 »Uv aoenë tijw Hmtcm ¢ച്ചnepw 200 ap«IÄ
hsc CSpì
]m
cà ]m¯nsâ Afhëkcnച്ച് F®¯nÂ
hyXymkw hcmw
Hê PohnX Ime¯n 5 ¢ച്ച് hscbp−mImw

10. ap« þ hncnªndങ്ങÂ
Häbmbn ap«bnSpì
Pe
Penc¸në sXm«papIfnembmWv ap«IÄ
nt£oç¶Xv
shÅ nd¯nepÅ ap«IÄ nanjങ്ങjçÅnÂ
Xnfങ്ങp¶
Idp¸p
Idp¸pndambn amdpw
hc− AhØsb ap«IÄ 6 amkw hsc
AXnPohnçw
shÅw e`nçt¼mÄ 2 þ 7 Znhk¯nëÅn hncnªv
emÀÆIÄ D−mæì
{Sm³
{Sm³
nj³
{Sm³kv Hmthdnb {Sm³kvanj³ CXnsâ
{]tXyIXbmWv

12. Distinguishing characters of Anopheles, Culex
and Aedes mosquito eggs
Air
bubles
Culex eggs (raft)
Aedes egg

13. CuUnkv
As
Asm^nenkv
a¬skmWnb
I}eIvkv

14. Distinguishing characters of Anopheles, Culex
and Aedes mosquito eggs
Anopheles
Aedes
Culex
Eggs laid singly
singly
In cluster (raft)
Float & frill present
absent
absent
No.of eggs (29-147)
140 (eggs may be laid
in successive days
16 sittings
200
Not so resistant to drying but
can survive up to 3 weeks in
mud
Can withstand
desiccation up-to 6
months
Cannot
withstand
drying
Duration of egg stage 2-3
days
2 days
24-36 hours

15. emÀÆ
• ssk^¬ S}_v Ptem]cnXe¯në
apIfnem¡n shůn Xqങ്ങnInSçì.
• BÂtKIfpw kq£vaPohnIfpamWv Blmcw
• emÀÆhfÀച്ച¡v 4 L«ങ്ങfp−v (INSTARS)
• 3 L«ങ്ങÄ AXnthKw ]qÀ¯nbm¡n memw
L«¯nte¡v ISçì.
• memw L«w Bt]£nIambn
kmh[m
(3
kmh[m¯nemWv (3 Znhkw )
• Xé¯ ImemhØsb 1 amkw hsc
{]Xntcm[n¡m³
{]Xntcm[n¡m³ emÀÆIÄ¡mhpw

16. Distinguishing characters of Anopheles , Culex and Aedes
mosquito larvae
air tube
present
Ventral hair (2 or more)
Anopheles
Culex
Ventral hair (1)
Aedes

17. Resting posture: Distinguishing characters of Anopheline &
Culine larvae
Anopheline larva
Culicine larva
•
When undisturbed, larvae of Anophelines lie flat along the surface of
water
•
In contrast, in a similar situation, culicine larvae hang ‘head down’ from
the surface of water keeping the tip of breathing tube (siphon) in
contact with the surface of water

18. • Anopheles: Rests parellel,
• spiracles in 8th seg.,
• presence of palmate hair

19. • Culex: Hang downwards, siphon in the
8th seg. ‘C’ like move, not sensitive to light,
not gregarious, long siphon

20. • Aedes: Downwards, short barrel shaped
siphon, spiracle in the tip, ‘S’ move, light
sensitive, gregarious

21. • Mansonia: Attached to roots of pistia,
respirate through the root cells.

22. Visual recognition of Aedes & Culex larvae
•
•
•
•
•
Aedes
Gregarious in habit
Air tube (siphon) short, about
twice as long as wide
Siphon with only one pair of
ventral hair
Move in a characteristic
(“S”/“8”) fashion, involving all
parts of the body
React quickly to changes in light
intensity, removal of the cover
from the container will disturb
them- dive to the bottom
•
•
•
•
•
Culex
Not gregarious in habit
Siphon long & tapered, at least 3
times as long as wide
With more than one pair of
ventral hair
Whip-like or figure “C”
movement which propels them
rapidly to the bottom of the
container
Not sensitive to changes of light
intensity. A rather strong
disturbance required to cause
them go to the bottom- return
fairly soon to the surface

23. ]}¸
memw L«w ]qÀ¯nbm¡nb emÀÆ ]}¸
L«¯nte¡v ISçì
]}¸ Ptem]cnXe¯n InS¶v HêtPmSn FbÀ
S}_|IÄ hgn izknçì
Ch ചenç¶hbpw Neങ്ങtfmSv
Ne
{]XnIcnç¶hbpamWv
]}¸ `£nç¶nÃ
]qÀ¯nbm¡m³
hfÀച്ച ]qÀ¯nbm¡m³ 2 Znhkw thWw
]}¸¡I¯phച്ച് emÀÆ cq]mന്തcw {]m]nച്ച്
sImXpImhpì
ImepIÄ, NndæIÄ, I®qIÄ, hmbv`mKങ്ങÄ,
F¶nh cq]s¸Spì.

25. • Anopheles: Comma, short respiratory trumpet,
funnel shaped, last ab.seg. has paddle hair

26. • Culex: Comma, tubular breathing siphon,
paddle hair absent

27. • Aedes: Comma shaped, paddle hair absent

28. • Mansonia: Comma shaped, attached to the
pistia, if detaches it dies

29. sImXpIv
o 2 Znhk¯në tijw ]}¸bpsS ]pdwtXmSv
s]m«nച്ച് sImXpIv ]pd¯phêì
o hmbp henച്ചp ndച്ച് DZc`mKw hoÀ¸nçì
þ
Cങ്ങs ]}¸bpsS ]pdwtXmSv s]m«nച്ചmWv
sImXpIv ]pd¯p hê¶Xv

30. Medically important genera and species of Mosquito
Genus
Anopheles
Number of species
In World
In India
364
51
Aedes
888
111
Culex
715
57
Mansonia
23
4
Other genus
121
26
Total
16 genus and 249 species in India
34 genus and 2968 species in the
world

32. Male
Anopheline:
Palpi enlarged at tip
(club shaped)
Culicine:
Palpi distinctly
longer & always papering at
tip

33. Female
Anopheline:
Palpi = proboscis
Culicine:
Palpi < Proboscis

34. Proboscis of aedes: Slim, straight,
decorated

35. • Anopheles: Spotted, Clumping of dark 7
light coloured scales

36. • Culex: Non spotted with narrow scales on
veins, clear wings

37. • Aedes: Light scales with brown/black in
colour

38. • Mansonia: Broader scales asymmetrically
arranged, speckled wings

39. Rest
• Anopheles: creates an
• Culex: Parellel to surface
angle in resting, Dark pale
color
dull coloured often brown
• Aedes: Hunched back,
dusty appearance , grey
color
• Mansonia: Hunched
back, brown color

40. • Anopheles:Adult
• Aedes:Adult
• Culex:Adult
• Mansonia:Adult

41. Breeding habits
• Anopheles: Fresh • Culex: Water with
water, water tanks
• Aedes: Artificial
containers like
coconut shells, tyres,
tubes, broken pots,,,
bio-waste contents
• Mansonia: Ponds,
lakes etc., Pistia.

42. Blood meals
• Anopheles: Both
• Culex:Preferably
antropophilic and
zoophilic
anthropophilic,
• Aedes:
Anthropophilic and
zoonophilic
• Mansonia:
Anthropophilic

43. DISTINCTION
AEDES ALBOPICTUS
AEDES EGYPTI
• Not a house hunting
mosquito
• Vigourous biter
• Natural enemy:
toxorynchitinae
• 1/100 world’s most
invasive species.
• Can see 2 white lines in the
misonotum
• House hunting mosquito
• Can bite through socks and
shirts
• Vicious (violent) biter
• Only 1 white line in the
misonotum and divides
when reaches scutellam.

44. shÎÀ ÌUn

45. shÎÀ ÌUn F¶mÂ
sImXpæ nb{ന്തW {]hÀ¯ങ്ങfpsS
Bkq{XW¯ntm, hnebnê¯entm th−n
sImXpæIfpsS km¶n[ys¯çdntച്ചm,
km{µXsbçdntച്ചm DÅ imkv{Xobamb
hnhc tiJcWamWv shÎÀ ÌUn

46. shÎÀ ÌUnbpsS e£yങ്ങÄ
P
sImXpæ Py tcmKങ്ങsfçdnച്ചpw sImXpæ nb{ന്തW
{]hÀ¯
{]hÀ¯ങ്ങfpsS BhiyIXsbçdnച്ചpapÅ hnhc
tiJcW¯n
tiJcW¯nv
ap³
sImXpæ km{µXbptSbpw ap³ Ime tcmK Ncn{Xs¯bpw
ASnØm
ASnØmam¡n A]ISkm[yXm {]tZiങ്ങÄ
dnbm³
Xncnച്ചdnbm³
sImXpP
sImXpPy tcmKങ്ങfpsS s]m«n¸pds¸SÂ ap¦q«n Adnªv
kzoIcn¡m³
{]Xntcm[ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡m³
ZoÀL Ime þ {lkz Ime sImXpæ nb{ന്തW X{ന്തÄ
BhnjIcn¡m³
BhnjIcn¡m³
{]hÀ¯
tcmK¸IÀച്ചmnb{ന്തW {]hÀ¯ങ്ങfpsS ^e{]m]vXn
Afç¶Xn
Afç¶Xnv

47. shÎÀ ÌUnbn Fsന്തÃmw hnhcങ്ങfmWv th−Xv?
sImXpæhn`mKങ്ങfpsS km{µXbpw hnXcWhpw
cà]m¯ntâbpw hn{ia¯ntâbpw
hnhcങ്ങÄ
{]X|Â]mZ kz`mhങ്ങÄ
sImXpæminn {]tbmK¯nsâ km[yX
tcmtKmÂ`h¯nsâ t{kmXÊv

48. shÎÀ ÌUn St¯−
kqNnIm {]tZiങ്ങÄ GsXÃmamWv?
sImXpæ Py tcmKw F³Uan¡mb Øeങ്ങÄ
sImXpInsâ km¶n[yw sIm−pw ]mcnØnXnI
{]tXyIXIÄ sIm−pw tcmK]IÀച്ചm km[yXbpÅ
Øeങ്ങÄ
tcmK¯nsâ s]m«n¸pds¸Sep−mb Øew

49. Ft¸mgmWv St¯−Xv?
hÀjw apgph³
BgvNbnsemcn¡Â
c−mgvN IqSpt¼mÄ
amk¯nsemcn¡Â
kmlNcyhpw
Bhiyhpw
Aëkcnച്ച്

50. What are the Other information required on
Entomological Surveillance?
Terrain features – Altitude, fauna & flora, type of soil, riverine belt etc.
Meterological factors – Temperature, relative humidity, rainfall
Agriculture – Agricultural practices, deforestation / aforestation etc.
Irrigation – Irrigation practices, projects, dams, water reservation,
canals, lift pumps etc.
Human lifestyle, socio-economic and cultural aspects etc.
Industrialization, housing, living, economic, sanitary conditions,
water management, water storage practices, fairs and festivals,
migration due to employment, political compulsions, war, etc.

51. Annexure 5
NATIONAL VECTOR BORNE DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME
AEDES SURVEY TOOL
Place of survey
Name of local body
Name of Institution
Date
Number
Containe
of
r with
members No. of larvae
No. of
No.of
No. of dry
No. of
in the Fever present/ container positive containers containers
No House No house cases absent observed container
seen
eliminated
Remarkas
Name & Signature of JHI / JPHN / Surveyer

52. REPORT OF VECTOR STUDYCONDUCTED AT ANGADIPPURAM
IN CONNECTION WITH SUSPECTED DENGUE FEVER CASE
HOUSES
DATE
PLACE OF STUDY
CONTAINER
HOUSES WITH
LARVAE
HOUSE
INDEX
1/3/2010 KOTTAPARAMBA MADRASSA
28
0
0
30
0
0
0
1/3/2010 KOTTAPARAMBA SCHOOL
38
0
0
15
0
0
0
1/3/2010 ANGADIPPURAM TOWN
24
2
8.3333333
10
2
20
8.333333
1/3/2010 KC THEATRE AREA
33
0
0
31
0
0
0
1/3/2010 KAYAKKUNDU ROAD
35
2
5.7142857
10
2
20
5.714286
158
4
2.5316456
96
4
GRAND TOTAL
NO. WITH WITH CONTAINER
WATER LARVAE
INDEX
BRETEAU
REMARKS
INDEX
HOUSES
VISITED
4.16666667 2.531646
SHOPS

53. LARVAL INDEX OF AEDES

54. • House Index
• Number of positive houses for
Aedes larveX100/Number of
houses examined

55. • Container index
• Number of positive containers
for aedes foundX100/No.
containers examined

56. Breteau Index
• Number of positive containersX100 Number
of houses examined

57. ]T nKaങ്ങÄ Cങ്ങs
]T nKa
ഹൌkv
C³
C³sUIvkv Ht¶m AXnÂ
XmsgbpamsW¦n B {]tZiw
A]IS km[yXbnÃm¯XmWv
C³
{_nt«m C³UIvkv At©m AXnÂ
Xmsgtbm BsW¦n B {]tZiw
A]IS km[yXbnÃm¯XmWv

58. ഹൌkv
C³
C³sUIvkv ]t¯m AXn IqSpXtem
BsW¦n B {]tZiw
A]IS km[yXbpÅXmWv
C³
{_nt«m C³UIvkv A³ ]tXm AXn IqSpXtem
BsW¦n B {]tZiw
A]IS km[yXbpÅXmWv

59. C³
{_nt«m C³UIvkv
A³]tXm AXn IqSpXtem
BsW¦n ASnbന്തncambn sImXpæ
{]hÀ¯
nb{ന്തW {]hÀ¯ങ്ങÄ
Bcw`n¡Ww

60. shÎÀ ÌUn S¯pt¼mÄ kÀtÆ
S¯p¶bmÄ¡v
{i²
sImXpæISntb¡msX {i²n¡Ww