This is my presentation to the AFCEA Course in Fairfax, VA. This course is put on by AFCEA to give insight into where the GCCS system is going in regard to transitioning to Joint Command and Control Capabilities (JC2C).

1. This Briefing is
UNCLASSIFIED
NORAD-USNORTHCOM
C2 Systems Overview for
AFCEA JC2C: Evolving the GCCS FoS
Building the Unclassified
User Defined Operational Picture (UDOP)
Using SOA and Net-centricity
Mr. Gary Koch
NORAD and
USNORTHCOM1 J623
UNCLASSIFIED 25 March 2010

2. Purpose
• Provide the AFCEA JC2C course with an introduction
to NORAD/USNORTHCOM and the concept of
operations that leverages the GCCS FoS enterprise
data as it migrates to Joint Command and Control to
support their mission sets.
• Introduce concepts such as Web 2.0, Web 3.0, social
networking, semantic web and intelligent
composeability to stimulate further research and
collaboration.
Session #21/Gary Koch

3. N-NC Missions
• NORAD Mission - In close collaboration with homeland
defense, security, and law enforcement partners, prevent air attacks against
North America, safeguard the sovereign airspaces of the United States and
Canada by responding to unknown, unwanted, and unauthorized air activity
approaching and operating within these airspaces, and provide aerospace and
maritime warning for North America.
• USNORTHCOM Mission - USNORTHCOM anticipates and
conducts Homeland Defense and Civil Support operations within the assigned
area of responsibility to defend, protect, and secure the United State and its
interests.
Session #21/Gary Koch

4. NORAD: What We Do
Aerospace Control and Maritime Warning
- Uphold our two nations’ right to air sovereignty
- Respond to hostile actions against North America
- Serve as a deterrent to potential threats
• Operation NOBLE EAGLE
- Over 40,000 Air Defense missions flown, over 2,000
diversions or scrambles since 9/11
Session #21/Gary Koch

5. NORAD’s Mission Has Evolved
Session #21/Gary Koch

6. USNORTHCOM: What We Do
• Homeland Defense
• Civil Support
Session #21/Gary Koch

7. Defense Support of Civil Authorities
• Special skills
• Special equipment
• Communications
• Information sharing
Session #21/Gary Koch

8. Defense Support of Civil Authorities
National Incident Management System
National Response Plan
Session #21/Gary Koch

9. Only When Directed and Requested
Provide defense
support of civil
authorities when
requested and
when directed.
Session #21/Gary Koch

10. Who Does What – and When
FEDERAL
STATE
LOCAL
Session #21/Gary Koch

11. Operational Examples
National Space Shuttle
Political Missions
Conventions
Wildland
G-8 Summit
Firefighting
United Nations Hurricane Relief
General Assembly
Session #21/Gary Koch

12. What We Don’t Do…
• Don’t directly participate in law
enforcement activities
• Don’t take the lead over federal, state or
local agencies
• Don’t create policy or allocate resources
Session #21/Gary Koch

13. We Have Many Partners, Including:
Department of President of the
Homeland Security United States
Federal Emergency
Management Agency
National Guard U.S. Coast Guard
Bureau
U.S. Department of U.S. Department of
State Transportation
National Aeronautics Transportation
and Space Federal Bureau of Security
Administration Central Intelligence Administration
Agency Investigation
Sandia National Environmental
Laboratories Protection Agency
Bureau of
U.S. Geological Reclamation
General Services
Survey Administration U.S. Department of
Federal Aviation
Administration Agriculture
Session #21/Gary Koch

14. Amendment to US Air Force Awards
Seven to Three Never Been on
Missed Every Deployment Never PCSed Out of
DUI and Still in the Air
Ribbon Deployment Ribbon
Ribbon Same Location During
Force Ribbon
Shows up for work, does Device denotes Entire Career Ribbon
Device denotes
the absolute minimum number of deployments missed For 20 years of arduous
number of convictions due to „circumstances‟
required, and goes home „homestead‟ service

Staff Sgt for Life
Everybody Went to the Middle Got Divorced Again Ribbon I’m Not Moving! Ribbon
East Except Me Ribbon Ribbon Device worn to denote House device
Numeral denotes number of $ device for each divorce extra privilege and pay denotes each successful
years spent instead on incentives ignored or threat to not „re-up‟ if
Caribbean „training‟ evolutions bungled PCSed
Head Up the Got My Last Boss Promoted Drinking Buddy’s Close Friend of AFPC Ribbon
Commanders Butt Ribbon Commendation Ribbon Palm tree device for each
Ribbon Numeral denotes number of Drinking device denotes really cushy set of orders.
Skull device denotes superiors promoted by your hard consecutive awards.
each additional surgical work who have already forgotten
extraction your name.
Daddy is a General
My Wife’s Uncle’s
Ribbon
Roommate's Brother-in-
Star devices denote Law ‘s Son Knew
daddy‟s actual rank. Somebody Who Served
Session #21/Gary Koch In WWII

15. Vision/Goals
Vision
NORAD and USNORTHCOM Vision 2020 States,
“Working with diverse partners requires enhanced
interoperability”
Primary Goal
Support the Homeland Security effort by sharing geospatial
and other data through a Service Oriented Architecture
with our Mission Partners
Session #21/Gary Koch

16. Protecting the Homeland
Session #21/Gary Koch

17. Requirements
• Ensure systems are founded on a common
architecture comprised of open standards.
• Capability to collect, fuse & share information
across DOD & Mission Partner networks.
• Seamlessly integrate GEOINT, terrain and
weather effects into C2 mission tools
• USNORTHCOM investments in its geospatial C2
tools will transition and extend to DHS and other
mission partners
Session #21/Gary Koch

18. Viewers
• Situational Awareness Geospatial Enterprise
(SAGE)
• A capability that everyone can use (ease of use)
• User Defined Operational Picture (UDOP)
• Includes Blue Force Tracks
• An Internet Accessible, Web-based UDOP
(TRITON)
• Share situational awareness with our DOD and non-DOD
partners (Disadvantaged Users)
• Includes Blue Force Tracks
• Integrated Common Analytical Viewer (iCAV)
• DHS‟ viewer – common viewer for domestic events
Session #21/Gary Koch

19. Current Data Sources
• Selected Air Maritime Operations Center Tracks
• FAA tracks
• USCG Automated Identification System Tracks
• Commercial and Military BFT Devices
• Homeland Security Infrastructure Program (HSIP)
Data (Critical Infrastructure)
• Imagery from NGA
• Maritime Domain Awareness Community of Interest
A good start, but not the end state
Session #21/Gary Koch

20. Current Engagement
• PACOM Unclassified COP
• AFRICOM Unclassified COP
• SOUTHCOM Unclassified COP
• Maritime Domain Awareness
• DHS – iCAV
• NGA – Palanterra Team
• ARSTRAT – Blue Force Tracking Devices
• National Guard Bureau
• National Level Exercises
Session #21/Gary Koch

21. Opportunities
• Integration of Systems (Sharing development)
• Following the Homeland Security Data Model
• Ensuring Net-Enabled Command Capability meet
Interagency Sharing Requirements
• Need to Know, Need to Share, Responsibility to Provide –
Create Incentives
• National Response Plan and National Level Exercises
• Lead the UDOP effort within the Inter Agency
– DoD and DHS working in parallel to improve collaboration
– Joint Unclassified CONOPS (signed)!
– N-NC will be the Global COP for the unclassified subscriber
Session #21/Gary Koch

22. Web-based User Defined COP
Imagery
CIP Data
Intel/Threats
Air
USCG
Land
Maritime
Complete GIS
Accessible anywhere, anytime, any mobile device

23. C4ISR Paradigm Shift
Current Paradigm
Operational Effects
Decision making and Collaboration
Representation, Visualization and Interaction
NCOW
Information Management
Comms & Networks
Information Acquisition
Data Driven
Provide lots of data and hope there is
something good there (“more is better”)
Session #21/Gary Koch

24. C4ISR Paradigm Shift
Current Paradigm
Operational Effects New Paradigm
Composeability
Decision making and Collaboration
NCOW
Intelligent
Representation, Visualization and Interaction
Information Management
Comms & Networks
Information Acquisition
Data Driven Decision Driven
Provide lots of data and hope there is Provide just the right data to the right
something good there (“more is better”) person at the right time in the right form
Session #21/Gary Koch

25. Evolution of C4ISR Capabilities
• All DOD moving to network centric
operations
–Any user can find any data, connect to it and
display it
Session #21/Gary Koch

26. Evolution of C4ISR Capabilities
• All DOD moving to network centric
operations
–Any user can find any data, connect to it and
display it
• Implementing via Services Oriented
Architecture (SOA)
–Decompose
–Expose
–Dynamically compose
Session #21/Gary Koch

27. Take Advantage of the Web
• Billions of $$$ of R&D each year
– Hard technology - search
engines, visualization, mashups, …
– Soft technology - social engineering, user generated
content, people networks, …
• These are the capabilities younger generation
expect to have at work
• Technical Issues:
– Identifying the technologies that make sense for DOD
– Time lag to get into DOD environment
Session #21/Gary Koch

28. This is the ‘Y’ Generation!
Or is it ???
Session #21/Gary Koch

29. Internet Technologies
• Wikipedia
–Intellipedia, Diplopedia
• Computer games, virtual
reality
–Training, better situation
awareness, better
collaboration
• Visualization tools
–Better decision aids
Session #21/Gary Koch

30. Mashup
Wikipedia Vision Example
Wikipedia + Google Maps =
Wikipedia Vision
See edits to the Wikipedia plotted in near real-time
Session #21/Gary Koch

31. Intelligent Composeability
Authoring Agents Example
• Drag & Drop workflow or
agent authoring
– When run, asks user for key
word then builds tailored report of
articles from pre-defined sources
– Could potentially have hundreds
of these supporting each user
Session #21/Gary Koch

32. Intelligent Composeability
Meta-data Enhanced Search Example
Fallujah, iraq, imagery
Accuracy Timeliness
Session #21/Gary Koch

33. Intelligent Composeability
Web 2.0 Examples
• Amazon, iTunes
– Suggestions based on what
you and others have bought
– Military potential - The last five
folks who planned a NEO
extraction used this plan as a
starting point…
• Digg, YouTube
– The “group” decides what's
interesting
– Military potential – four out of
five action officers found this
source of intelligence data to
be most useful…
38 Session #21/Gary Koch

34. Shift Away from
Primarily Kinetic Operations
• US embracing “waging
peace”, growing influence of
information operations
• Technology Issues:
– Current tools are focused on
kinetic warfare
– Importance of understanding
networks (social, economic, etc.)
– Need to integrate non-kinetic
warfare into planning
– How do you measure
effectiveness?
Session #21/Gary Koch

35. Road to Intelligent Composeability
Intelligent
GEARS Pipes
Composeability Dynamic
Models
Uncertain
Information
SAGE Cooperative
NCES MDA Pilot Agent Composition
Next Gen C2 Ambient Intelligence
C2 Data Pilot CANES Services
Immersive Web 3.0 2015
JTM
CFn
Services Oriented Environments
Learning
XCOP Architecture Agents
Systems Active Conceptual
TEBO Auto. Meta Tagging
Grid Computing
2010 Modeling of
Learning
Virtualization
Workflow Iconic Chat
Interoperable SOAP/WSDL
Decomposition
2005 Personal Agents
“Stovepipe” Discovery
Web 2.0
that Learn (PAL)
PoR XML
Virtual
Blogs FastC2AP
Reality Netnews 2000
Web 1.0 IRC
Session #21/Gary Koch

36. Session #21/Gary Koch

37. Questions?
Contact info:
N-NC J623
Gary Koch
(719) 422-3173
gary.koch@northcom.mil
www.twitter.com/GaryKoch