6. Corporate Contributions to Linux (Kernel 3.3 - 3.10)
*The developers who are known to be doing this work on their own, with no financial
contribution happening from any company' are not grouped together as 'None' and instead
are considered part of the 'long tail,' as are contributors of academic or unknown sponsorship.
Red Hat Development Powerhouse
Company / Organization *
7. Corporate Contributions to OpenStack
Red Hat Development Powerhouse
Company / Organization ** Includes only top 35
(04 Apr to 16 Oct 2013)
10. More than 13 years of collaboration between Red Hat and IBM to offer
choice to our customers:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Certified on all IBM platforms
System x Power Systems System z
11. Red Hat is currently part of IBM’s
solutions such as:
!
• Offered in zCloud
• Embedded as “KVM” in:
• IBM SmartCloud
• zBX (x86 Blades virtualization)
• PureFlex Systems
• Embedded in Netezza
• IBM’s Watson Cluster
• Running on Power Systems
12. •JBoss® Enterprise Application Platform (JBoss EAP) is supported on a variety of market-leading
operating systems, Java™Virtual Machines (JVMs), and database combinations.
•IBM JDK is supported (2)
and ready to run on Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Power Systems
•Red Hat provides both production and development support for supported configurations and
tested integrations according to your subscription agreement in both physical and virtual
environments.
JBoss addingValue to your solution
Take advantage of Java superior performance (1) on Power Systems
https://access.redhat.com/site/articles/111663
(1) http://www.spec.org and http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/power/hardware/reports/system_perf.html
(2)
13. Red Hat Enterprise Linux
• Stable, mature, commercial product
• Extensive Q&A, performance testing
• Hardware & Software Certifications
• 10yr maintenance
• Core ABI compatibility guarantee
• Major releases ~2-3yr cycle
• Minor releases ~8-12 mo cycle
Red Hat Development Model
The same for all supported architectures, x86_64,
PPC64 and x390x
14. Fedora
• Most current, sets direction for RHEL technologies
• Community Supported
• Released ~6 mo cycles
Red Hat Development Model
Benefit from Fedora for PPC64!
Fedora for Power Systems Project Page
!
http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Architectures/PowerPC
Become a contributor, talk to package maintainers
!
http://fedoraproject.org/join-fedora
15. Fedora for Power Systems
Bringing innovation to Linux on Power Systems
Linux Kernel
SWAP
FrontSWAP
zSWAP
Page Cache
Clean Cache
zCache
Power7+ Hardware Memory
Compression
Fedora 20 will have first phase of AME enabled with zswap. Enterprise distros to follow.
Exiting components
New components
being designed and
debated by the Linux
community
New IBM proposal
Separate kernel
components for
swap and cache
17. Designed for Big Data
Superior Cloud Economics
Open Innovation Platform
Introducing…
A NEW GENERATION OF IBM Power Systems
18. USD1
billion
Linux on
Power investment
5 Power
Systems
Linux Centers
Power
development
cloud
IBM Watson OpenPOWER
Foundation
SoftLayer
Integration
1000’s of
Engineers
More than
9,000
patents
POWER8:
6 years USD2B
R&D investment with
hundreds of patents
$1 Billion Investment
Linux and open source on Power Systems delivering open innovation
19. The OpenPOWER Foundation
Open & Collaborative Innovation Growing Fast
System, Software, Services
I/O, Storage,Acceleration
Boards, Systems
Chip, SOC
20. The OpenPOWER Foundation
Google board using Power Chip
http://www.pcworld.com/article/2149080/google-shows-homegrown-server-with-ibm-power-chip.html
22. POWER8
The First Processor Designed for Big Data
Compute
• 12 cores (thread strength optimized)
• SMT8, 16-wide execution
• 2X internal data flows
• Transactional Memory
!
Cache
• 64KB L1 + 512KB L2 / core
• 96MB L3 + up to 128MB L4 / socket
• 2X bandwidths
!
System Interfaces
• 230 GB/s memory bandwidth / socket
• Up to 48x Integrated PCI gen 3 / socket
• CAPI (over PCI gen 3)
• Robust, Large SMP Interconnect
• On chip Energy Mgmt,VRM / core
IBM 22nm Technology
• Silicon-on-Insulator
• 15 metal layers
• Deep trench eDRAM
23. Intelligence Moved into Memory
• Scheduling logic, caching structures
• Energy Mgmt, RAS decision point
• Formerly on Processor
• Moved to Memory Buffer
!
Processor Interface
• 9.6 GB/s high speed interface
• More robust RAS
• “ On-the-fly” lane isolation/repair
!
PerformanceValue
• End-to-end fastpath and data retry (latency)
• Cache latency/bandwidth, partial updates
• Cache write scheduling, prefetch, energy
POWER8 Memory
Buffer Chip
Memory
Buffer
DRAM
Chips
Scheduler &
Management
16MB
Memory
Cache
POWER8
Link
DDR Interfaces
24. POWER8 Memory Organization
(Max Config shown)
POWER8 DCM
Memory
Buffer
DRAM
Chips
16MB128GB
128GB
128GB
128GB
128GB
128GB
128GB
128GB
16MB
16MB
16MB
16MB
16MB
16MB
16MB
Up to 1TB / Socket
First P8 Systems:
• 512 GB /Socket
25. POWER8 Delivers up to TWICE the performance across key workloads
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
POWER S824
2s/24c/192t
IBM POWER8
Oracle Sun X4-2
2s/24c/48t
Intel Xeon Ivy Bridge
Java - SPECjEnterprise2010 (EjOPS)
2x Performance
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
POWER S824
2s/24c/192t
IBM POWER8
Fujitsu RX300 S8
2s/24c/48t
Intel Xeon Ivy Bridge
ERP – SAP 2-Tier (Users)
2.1x Performance
1) Results are based on best published results on Xeon E5-2697 v2 from the top 5 Intel system vendors.
2) SAP results are based on the two-tier SAP SD standard application benchmark running SAP enhancement package 5 for the SAP ERP 6.0 application. Results valid as of April 28, 2014. Source:
http://www.sap.com/benchmark
3) SPECjEnterprise2010 results are valid as of 4/22/2014. For more information go to http://www.specbench.org/jEnterprise2010/results/
4) SPECcpu2006 results are submitted as of 4/22/2014. For more information go to http://www.specbench.org/cpu2006/results/
26. POWER8
Integrated PCI Gen 3
Native PCIe Gen 3 Support
• Direct processor integration
• Replaces proprietary GX/Bridge
• Low latency
• Gen3 x16 bandwidth (32 GB/s)
!
Transport Layer for CAPI Protocol
• Coherently Attach Devices connect
to processor via PCIe
• Protocol encapsulated in PCIe
POWER7
I/O
Bridge
GX
Bus
PCIe G2
PCI
Devices
PCIe G3
PCI
Device
POWER8
27. Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI) Overview
Advantages of Coherent Attachment Over I/O Attachment
• Virtual Addressing & Data Caching (significant latency reduction)
• Easier, Natural Programming Model (avoid application restructuring)
• Enables Apps Not Possible on I/O (Pointer chasing, shared mem semaphores, …)
CAPP PCIe
POWER8 Processor
FPGA
Functionn
Function0
Function1
Function2
CAPI
IBM Supplied POWER
Service Layer
Typical I/O Model Flow
Flow with a Coherent Model
Shared Mem.
Notify Accelerator
Acceleration
Shared Memory
Completion
DD Call
Copy or Pin
Source Data
MMIO Notify
Accelerator
Acceleration
Poll / Int
Completion
Copy or Unpin
Result Data
Ret. From DD
Completion
28. WWW
10Gb Uplink
POWER8 Server
Flash Array w/ up
to 40TB
Differentiated NoSQL
(POWER8 + CAPI Flash)
WWW
500GB
Cache Node500GB
Cache Node500GB
Cache Node500GB
Cache Node500GB
Cache Node500GB
Cache Node
Backup Node
Load Balancer
10Gb Uplink
Today’s NoSQL
in memory (x86)
Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)
Overview
Power CAPI-attached Flash model for NoSQL offers dramatic (24:1) density advantage
Infrastructure Requirements
Large Distributed (Scale out)
Large Memory per node
Networking Bandwidth Needs
Load Balancing
Infrastructure Attributes
192 threads in 4U Server drawer
40 TB of memory based Flash per 4U Drawer
Shared Memory & Cache for dynamic tuning
Elimination of I/O and Network Overhead
Cluster solution in a box
29. Virtualization and Cloud Management
Driving value for Big Data & Analytics, Cloud and Mobile applications with Power
Systems Software
Expanded choice and enhanced value for the industry’s most scalable & flexible virtualization
infrastructure for UNIX, Linux and IBM i
New
* Will announce in May
Open
Virtualization for
scale-out Linux
Systems
Virtualization
without Limits
Virtualization
Performance
Virtualization
Center: Increase
IT productivity
and agility
SmartCloud Entry
for Power
Systems*
30. PowerLinuxTM 7R1
PowerLinuxTM 7R2
PowerLinuxTM 7R4
PureFlexTM
Power 770
1-socket, 2U
POWER7+ processor
Up to 8 cores
256 GB memory
Linux only
2-socket, 2U
POWER7+ processor
Up to 16 cores
512 GB memory
Linux only
4-socket, 5U
Up to 32 POWER7+ cores
1TB memory
Hot-swap PCI adapters
Linux only
Power 780
Power 795
1, 2 and 4-socket
Customers value initial cost of
acquisition
PureFlex
Customers value
integrated
infrastructure
Power Enterprise IFLs
Customers value enterprise
class features, robustness
Linux on Power7/7+ Systems
IBM Power Offering Portfolio
31. Power S822
Power S814
Power S824
Up to 20 POWER8 cores
Up to 8 POWER8 cores
Up to 24 POWER8 cores
Scale-out servers
Customers value initial
cost of acquisition
New Linux on Power8 Systems
IBM Power Offering for scale-out
Power S812L
Power S822L
Up to 12 POWER8 cores
Linux only
Up to 24 POWER8 cores
Linux only
33. Red Hat Enterprise Linux on IBM Power Systems
RHEL on PowerLinux and Power8 Linux servers
PowerLinux servers 7R1, 7R2, 7R4, S812L, S822L
!
• Linux only servers
• Ideal for scale out
• Optimized for emerging and next generation workloads
• More efficient virtualization, superior performance vs x86
• Fewer servers support similar number of workloads and
throughput
34. Red Hat Enterprise Linux on IBM Power Systems
RHEL on POWER IFLs
Available on 770, 780 and 795 servers
!
Enterprise Power offering to consolidate
and/or integrate and consolidate Linux
applications with AIX and/or IBM i
applications and data in large enterprises
• Add Linux workload capacity to a Power
Enterprise server via CUoD activation
option
• Scalable to 32-sockets via 4- core, 32GB
memory bundles
• Enterprise-class RAS and QoS with Linux
economics
• Ideal for scale up
35. • Industry-leading scale and performance with improved economics
• Reduce complexity and points-of-failure associated with x86/VM sprawl
• Streamline application access and accelerate deployment of new applications and services
• Co-exist applications and data confidently with proven, secure virtualization and high RAS of enterprise-class
Power servers
• Seamlessly add capacity without interruption and accelerate response to changing priorities
• Share bandwidth and dynamically balance and tune system resources to maximize utilization and lower costs
• Consolidate operations, reduce overhead and leverage existing production and disaster recovery infrastructure
Power Integrated Facility for Linux (IFL)
Flexible, affordable, high-performance capacity for Linux applications
Integrated Facility for Linux for Power Systems
!
Power IFL = 4 cores, 32GB memory and 4 PowerVM EE licenses
4 x CUoD core activations
32 GB CUoD memory activations
4 x PowerVM for PowerLinux license entitlement
Scales in increments of 4 cores
36. IBM PowerLinux servers
Will enable open source virtualization with KVM in 2014
Existing Stack Additional New Stack
Firmware
KVM-Linux Based
IBM Mgmt SW
Smart Cloud
PowerVM
Director /VMControl
Smart Cloud
Cloud
Software
Sys Mgmt
Software
OS
Hypervisor
Firmware
38. Red Hat Enterprise Linux on IBM Power Systems
Why Java on Power Systems ?
• 2-socket Power 7+ 18% better than best Sandy Bridge for non-virtualized Java Workload
• 4-socket Power 7+ 39% better than best Westmere for non-virtualized Java workload
• 4-socket Power 7+ 36% better than best Sandy Bridge for non-virtualized Java workload
http://www-03.ibm.com/systems/power/hardware/reports/system_perf.html
3,837,707
2,811,958
2,760,858
1,877,264
1,584,567
0
400,000
800,000
1,200,000
1,600,000
2,000,000
2,400,000
2,800,000
3,200,000
3,600,000
4,000,000
4-socket
POWER7+
4-socket Sandy
Bridge
4-socket
Westmere-EX
2-socket
POWER7+
2-socket Sandy
Bridge
SPECjbb2005
39. Why Linux on Power for Java & Websphere Application Server ?
Fewer servers or cores support same # workloads, clients do more for less at
comparable TCA
POWER7+ highly optimized for WebSphere and Java
• Highly threaded Java apps tuned for 4 threads
per core
• Java “pre-fetch” tuning leverages 2.5x larger cache
• Latest IBM JVM has been highly optimized for
POWER7+
Other customers
Superior performance and virtualized throughput
• 36% better Java performance than best Sandy Bridge
• 125% greater throughput from same number of VMs
New WebSphere Mobile and Web Application
Development Solution
• Quickly develop, deploy apps for iPhone and Android
• Lightweight, fast, flexible & simplified WebSphere
Application Server
40. Red Hat Enterprise Linux on IBM Power Systems
Why Big Data Analytics ?
Big Data Workloads are ideal for Power on Linux
!
• Exploit Threads
• POWER7+ has 4 threads per core
• POWER8 has 8 threads per core
!
• Require High Throughput
• POWER7+ has memory and I/O bandwidth
• POWER8 better memory and I/O bandwidth and CAPI
!
• Depend on Java Applications
• POWER7+ offers highly Optimized JVM
• POWER8 offers highly Optimized JVM
!
• Perfect Match for Apache Hadoop map/reduce Framework
• Exploits massively parallel processing across Linux Cluster
41. Why Linux on Power Systems for Big Data and Analytics ?
Deliver Insight Faster and More Efficiently
Perfect match for Apache Hadoop map/reduce
Linux clusters
• Over 80% faster* to sort 1 terabyte of data
than x86 cluster
• 4x faster load, 8x faster queries per core
for ChinaTelecom
• Implemented solution for data mining/text
mining/ Web mining/ statistical analysis and
social network analysis
• MapReduce (Hadoop) on Linux on Power
support discovery of precise marketing and
development needs
• 12 x faster data load per core per second
than competitive solution
• 10x faster data analysis of records per core
per second
Watson inspired POWER7+ performance
• Massive parallel execution with 4 threads per core vs.
Intel’s 2 per core
• Extreme memory and I/O bandwidth keeps CPUs
busy
• Highly optimized JVM for Java based Hadoop
workloads
Hadoop acceleration with Platform Symphony and GPFS
• Efficient, parallel execution of map/reduce tasks with
HPC techniques
• Push tasks to node vs. polling, more efficient protocol
for network transport
• Highly optimized parallel filesystem for distributed
data across cluster
42. Red Hat extended from 7 to 10 years standard technical support
Current Platform Lifecycle
*All dates are approximate and subject to change
44. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5
GA Dec 2013
RHEL on Power Features
• Performance enhancements
• Updated Drivers
• More Stable
45. SR-IOV support cleanup for Power
Fix-up the SR-IOV code to be more stable
End users expect their PCI devices that support SR-IOV to function correctly both in dedicated (PF) and
virtualized (VF) modes.
AddVDSO version of getcpu
Customers will see in improvement in sched_getcpu times from 300+ns down to about 30ns. Customers
will see improvements in gettimeofday times from 60ns down to about 9-17ns.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5
Highlighted Features
46. Update mlx4 drivers to support new Mellanox RoCE adapter on Power
Update the mlx4_en and mlx4_ib drivers to support a new 40Gb ConnectX3-EN based two port RoCE
adapter on Power
Support the Power I/O roadmap
Update sfc driver with EEH support and Power performance optimizations
Update the sfc driver to pick up EEH support as well as numerous performance enhancements that were
developed for Power. Increases single port performance by 3x
Support the Power I/O roadmap. Provides critical performance and RAS enhancements for Power
customers with Solarflare adapters.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5
Highlighted Features
47. Improve logging when crashkernel=auto can't be satisfied
Currently, the RH kernel sometimes removes crashkernel=auto in yaboot.conf from the kernel command-
line at run-time.
!
The kernel parses only the last crashkernel= entry, and if it's set to auto, asks the arch code what the size
of the crashkernel region needs to be, based upon system memory size.
End-users are recommended to pass crashkernel=auto on the kernel command-line for RAS purposes.
However, the minimum LPAR size is less than 8G and thus RAS is not always possible with =auto.
Customers would expect to be informed if no dumps are possible on their LPAR.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5
Highlighted Features
49. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0
Released Jun 2014
• RHEL7 Basic Facts
!
• What’s changed ?
• What can we benefit from
RHEL 7 on PPC64?
!
• New Enhancements and
Expanded Choices
50. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
Basic Facts
• Based on Fedora 19 and Kernel 3.10
!
• Supported Architectures: x86_64, IBM Power
Systems and System z
!
• 64bit! 32-bit libraries will be made available
51. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0 Beta
What is new for RHEL 7 Beta on System z?
Application Isolation
with Linux Containers
Microsoft Windows
Interoperability
More easy to Install,
Deploy and Manage
File System Choice
Optimal Performance
and Security
52. • The RHEL 7 installation procedure presents a user friendly interface that allows RHEL to
be installed a more comprehensive installation process rather than having 13 linear screens
• Easy to go back to a main page
• Warnings and errors provided to guide the user
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
Installer
53. • Meet the new menu.lst : grub.cfg
• Should not be directly edited by manually.
• Changes are applied with update-grub or when new kernels are installed
• To customize Grub2
• /etc/default/grub (default parameters)
• /etc/grub.d/ (custom parameters)
• Secure boot (UEFI)
• Standardize boot loader across x86_64 and PPC64
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
GRUB2
54. • Systemd provides aggressive parallelization
capabilities
!
• Uses socket and D-Bus activation for starting
services
!
• Offers on-demand starting of daemons,
keeps track of processes using Linux cgroups,
supports snapshotting and restoring of the
system state
!
• Implements an elaborate transactional
dependency-based service control logic
RHEL 5 RHEL 6 RHEL 7
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
System Initialization
56. # service sshd status
!
openssh-daemon (pid 3051) is running…
!!
# systemctl status sshd
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
Systemd Crash Course
57. !
• Support more configuration options, including Bridging, Bonding,VLANs, IPoIB (IP-over-
InfiniBand), FCoE, DCB (Data center bridging), DNSEC andTrust Zones
!
• Team Device
• Mechanism for bonding multiple network devices into a simple logical interface at the
data link layer (Alternative to the existing Linux Bonding driver)
!
• 40 GB ethernet support
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
Networking
58. • SELinux (Provides an extra layer of security, mandatory by Government and Military customers)
• Simplified tool chain for troubleshooting
• Improved performance
!
• Firewalld
• firewalld provides a dynamically managed firewall with support for network/firewall zones
to define the trust level of network connections or interfaces.
# firewall-cmd --state
# firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
# firewall-cmd --reload
# firewall-cmd --panic-on
# firewall-cmd --zone=home --remove-service=http
# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=home --add-port=443/tcp
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
Security
60. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
Linux Containers - Application isolation
Application isolation mechanism for light-weight, multi-tenancy environments with a single
underlying OS
61. Software packaging concept that typically includes an application and all of its runtime
dependencies.
!
• Easy to deploy and portable across host systems
• Isolates applications on a host operating system
• In RHEL, this is done through:
• Control Groups (cgroups)
• kernel namespaces
• SELinux, sVirt
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
Linux Containers - Benefits and Key Elements
62. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
Linux Containers enables continuous delivery
63. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
Windows Interoperability
• Out-of-the-box Linux support of direct interoperability with Active Directory
• Automatic detection of the domain controller to join (AD/IDM)
• Simple, integrated set-up of the authentication configuration
64. •MariaDB replaces MySQL
!
•YUM - download in parallel
!
•Journald
•less /var/log/message -> journalctl
•tail -f /var/log/message -> journalctl -f
!
•Subscription-manager only (rhn_register only registers to RHN Satellite)
•Red Hat Subscription Manager is installed on a local system and it tracks what products are installed, what
subscriptions are available for the system, and what subscriptions are actually used by the system. It also tracks
subscription expirations and automatically attaches new subscriptions based on the products and hardware.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7:
Other new features
67. High Availability
Fail-over, Clustered FileSystem and Load Balancing
• Based on the same software source code solution offered by Red Hat on x86 but enhanced for the
IBM Power Systems.
!
• Supported by SNA on RHEL 6.2+ and RHEL7 (GA)
!
• Technical Support available Globally as a third party add-on directly from the developer - SNA -
Standard and Premium 24/7, email and telephone support
More Information please contact:
David Boyes
Sine Nomine Associates
+1 703 723 6673
info@sinenomine.net
69. Database alternative to Oracle
EnterpriseDB
POSTGRES
innovation
ENTERPRISE
reliability
24/7
support
Services
& training
Enterprise-class
features & tools
Indemnification
Product
road-map
Control
Thousands
of developers
Fast
development
cycles
Low cost
No vendor
lock-in
Advanced
features
Enabling commercial
adoption of Postgres
70. Database alternative to Oracle
Oracle vs EDB TCO on IBM Linux on Power
Oracle Enterprise
Edition
EDB Postgres Plus
Advanced Server
License Fee Per Core
(4 sockets/32 cores)
(Power processor)
(4 sockets/32 cores)
(Power processor)
Database $47,500 included in subscription
Partitioning $11,500 Included
Data Guard $10,000 Included
Diagnostics $5,000 Included
Total License Fee per Core $74,000 included in subscription
Total License Fee per Server (CapEx) $2,368,000 $0
Annual support/subscription cost per core 22% of License Fee $4,945 per socket
Annual Support/Maintenance per Server (OpEx) $520,960 $19,780
Total 3 Year License and Support Cost $3,930,880 $59,340
No CAPEX
Annual OPEX
reduction 96% 3 YR TCO
cost savings 98%
71. Database alternative to Oracle
EnterpriseDB
More Information please contact:
Ethan ORafferty
EnterpriseDBVP and Alliances Manager
ethan.orafferty@enterprisedb.com
51% had slight to
no modifications
We were able to migrate all of our apps from Oracle to PPAS with
little to no modifications. Besides saving on annual licensing fees,
Oracle compatibility was our number one priority.
72. Customer References of Red Hat Enterprise Linux on IBM
Power Systems
For a complete list of customer success stories please access: http://people.redhat.com/fmiranda/powersystems/customer_references/
73.
74.
75.
76.
77. The need:
While running its two disparate Power Systems, Retraites Populaires was not able to leverage
the requisite flexibility and on-demand capacities to allow for a smooth evolution towards new
technologies while keeping the existing systems running. Moving forward, the company wanted
more functionality and power from its IT infrastructure.
!
The solution:
Working with IBM®, Retraites Populaires implemented two Power 770 systems running i and
Linux – Red Hat, which allowed the company to have a homogenized Power architecture and
gain the needed technology and capacity to implement its IT strategy.The two systems ensure
high availability, thereby negating performance penalties for the end-users.
!
The benefits:
Consolidated the hardware and software investments to lower theTCO
Performed smooth evolution of IBM i system architecture to modern Power 7 architecture
Increased flexibility with the exploitation of the virtualization technologies offered by the Power
architecture
Gains greater overall functionality while powering up its IT infrastructure
Swiss Life Insurer
——————————-
Solution components:
!
IBM Power Systems running i
IBM Power Systems running
Red Hat Linux
WebSphere
!
______________________