2. Health-Care Spending Per Capita, 1997 Source: OECD, 1998

3. Infant Mortality, 1995 Deaths in First Year of Life/1,000 Births Source, OECD, 1997

4. Hospital Inpatient Days Per Capita, 1996 Source: OECD, 1998 Days/Person

5. 44.3 Million Uninsured

6. Who Are the Uninsured? Source: Himmelstein & Woolhandler, Tabulations CPS, 1997

7. Percent Uninsured by Race/Ethnicity Source: Census Bureau CPS, 1998

10. How Managed Care Makes Profits Cherry Picking Healthy Patients Source: Health Affairs 1997; 16(3):239 Projected Health- Care Costs

11. Dissatisfaction with HMOs Source: Modern Healthcare 10/7/96 (Data from National Research Corp. survey of 160,000 households)

13. HMO Overhead and Profits Overhead and Profits as a Percentage of Premiums Source: Outlook for Managed Care 1997 , Corporate Research Group; Stat Canada, NCHS & OECD

14. For-Profit Medicine Corporate Social Responsibility?? “ Few trends could so thoroughly undermine the very foundations of our free society as the acceptance by corporate officials of a social responsibility other than to make as much money for their stockholders as possible.” Milton Friedman, Capitalism & Freedom, 1962

15. Health Care Costs Projected to Rise Source: Health Care Financing Administration, Office of the Actuary, 1998 * Projected

16. Increase in Number of Physicians and Administrators, 1970-1995 Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics & NCHS, Approximate

17. HMO CEO Pay and Stockholdings CEO FIRM PAY STOCK (in millions) (in millions) 1996 mid 1997 Malik Hassan Foundation $ 17.2 $ 166.4 William McGuire United Healthcare 14.7 74.7 Leonard Shaeffer Wellpoint 14.2 16.5 David Jones Humana 10.5 223.4 George Jochum MAMSI 5.0 16.9 Alan Hoops Pacificare 4.7 26.9 Stephen Wiggins Oxford 4.6 230.4 Larry House MedPartners 2.5 108.5 Source: Managed Healthcare Marketing Report, 1/31/97, 7/15/97

21. Medical Savings Accounts: “A Scam” “ We would make out like bandits, but as a physician I have a very serious concern [that we would be] fragmenting the insurance pool…We are going into [MSAs} because these things are going to be a gold mine…let there be no doubt. They are a scam and we will get our share of that scam.” Source: NEJM 1997; 336:1828 Malik Hasan, M.D. Former CEO, Foundation Health Systems

25. Health Costs as % of GDP United States and Canada, 1960-1995 Source: Statistics Canada & NCHS/Commerce Department

26. Paperwork Costs United States and Canada, 1991 Source: Woolhandler/Himmelstein NEJM 1991; 324:1253 U.S. Canada Clinical Care 76% Clinical Care 89% Administration 24% Administration 11%

27. What Does Single Payer Mean to the Average Family The average middle-income family would have an income tax increase of $731. That increase in income tax would replace premium payments and any out-of-pocket expenses. Universal Health Coverage: How Do We Pay for It? Edie Rasell, M.D., Ph.D. Single-payer insurance would be financed through a progressive tax, spreading the burden of health care more evenly. Source: http://www.epinet.org/

33. Will the government determine which doctor the patient can see, and what the doctor can do? Will there be long waiting times for procedures? What about physician salaries? Single Payer in Action

34. Will the government determine which doctor the patient can see and what the doctor can do? Will there be long waiting times for procedures? What about physician salaries? Single payer is not “socialized medicine.” A single-payer system does not dictate what a doctor can do, and which doctors patients choose to visit. The single-payer system allows more doctor and patient autonomy than the current system under managed care. Single Payer in Action

35. Will there be long waiting times for procedures? What about physician salaries? Will the government determine which doctor the patient can see, and what the doctor can do? How will medical students be affected? Single Payer in Action

36. Will there be long waiting times for procedures? What about physician salaries? Will the government determine which doctor the patient can see, and what the doctor can do? How will medical students be affected? Medical students in Canada graduate with a significantly lower debt than American graduates due to large public subsidies for education. Single Payer in Action

37. Will there be long waiting times for procedures? What about physician salaries? Will the government determine which doctor the patient can see, and what the doctor can do? How will medical students be affected? Single Payer in Action Is a single-payer system politically feasible?

39. For More Information Physicians for a National Health Program Physicians for a National Health Program 332 S. Michigan, Suite 500 / Chicago, IL 60604 (312) 554-0382; fax (312) 554-0383 www.pnhp.org The Center for National Health Program Studies Harvard Medical School/The Cambridge Hospital 1493 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, MA 02139 (617) 498-1032

40. For More Information About AMSA’s Initiatives, Contact: American Medical Student Association Simon Ahtaridis, Legislative Affairs Director 1902 Association Drive Reston, VA 20191 (703) 620-6600, ext. 211 E-mail: [email_address] Check our universal health care initiative web site for ideas on how you can get involved. www.amsa.org