A PPT I made in 7th grade detailing about the Mountainous Course of the river.

1. Mountainous Course
By: Srikar Baireddy

2. How to use this presentation
• I am a nocturnal being. There is not much time till
sunrise, when I slumber again. However, I will
explain as much as I can in the time remaining.
• My PowerPoint is on the first course of the river,
the mountainous course.
• To beautify, I have kept scenic pictures of rivers at
night for you.
• There are also interesting facts alongside pictures
of landforms.
• Enjoy!

3. Rivers
• I will begin my presentation with a brief
explanation of rivers.
• Rivers are fast flowing water bodies, somewhat
like streams except larger and wider.
• As they flow, they continue the process of
degradation.
• Rivers can be classified into four types:
– Youthful
– Mature
– Old
– Rejuvenated

4. Courses of a River
• There are three courses in a river:
– Mountainous or crenon – It is classified by cold, fast
moving water near the source of a river, usually on
mountains. This is the course I will focus on in this
PowerPoint.
– Plain or rithron – It has slightly warmer temperatures
and it succeeds the crenon.
– Deltaic or potamon – It is warm, is extremely slow,
and deposits all of the grains it has carried, creating a
sandy bed.
My presentation REALLY begins from the next slide.

5. Mountainous Course
Again.

6. The Basics
• As you can tell from the name, during the
mountain course, the river flows through
mountains.
• A lot of erosion takes place as its velocity is high.
• Many tributaries, or small streams, join the river
at this place.
• The river causes vertical erosion, usually V
shaped valleys, wherever it goes.
• The excessive energy of the river is used in
eroding the valley.

7. Landforms
• You’ve probably heard of
An example of a canyon
canyons, maybe even
gorges in literature. As
you’ve probably
guessed, these both are
caused by the mountainous
course river. Here are all of
the landforms:
– Gorge or I shaped valley
– Canyon
– V shaped valley
– Pothole
– Rapids, cataracts, and
waterfalls

8. Gorge
• Gorges are created when
rivers run swiftly down
slopes, causing vertical
corrasion.
• In arid and semi arid areas,
this river usually forms a
gorge or an I shaped valley.
• A gorge is a narrow valley
with flat valley floors.
• The Sutlej, Indus, and
Brahmaputra, the Gandak
and the Kosi rivers have cut
deep gorges in the
Himayalas.

9. Pot Holes
• No, not the ones on the
roads. Believe it or not,
potholes also occur
naturally.
• If the water of a swift
flowing river flows over
an uneven surface, it
begins to swirl.
• The pebbles carried by
the river erode forming
circular depressions, or
potholes, in the river
bed.

10. Canyons
The Grand Canyon
• Canyons can be simply
defined as magnified
gorges.
• Over more than a
million years, the
Colorado River has cut
through the immense
Grand Canyon, making
it over a mile deep.

11. V Shaped Valley
• Many rivers in the
world have formed V
shaped valleys.
• These valleys are
formed in areas of
sufficient rainfall.
• By cutting down, the
river forms a V shaped
valley.

12. Rapids
• Rapids can occur at any
part of a river’s course, but
most often at the
mountainous region.
• Unequal resistance of hard
and soft rock causes the
hard rock to jut
out, making the river
“jump” or “fall.”

13. Cataracts
• Cataracts are
simply rapids with
falls of greater
dimensions.
• Oh no, the sun is
about to rise! It is
almost time for me
to leave!

14. Waterfalls
• Waterfalls are when the
rivers fall from a huge
distance.
• The highest fall in the
world is Angel Falls in
Venezuela.
• Opposite is a picture
containing waterfalls(far
left and
right), cataracts(right), an
d rapids(in front).

15. The sun is beginning to rise. I must
leave. But I hope you learned
something very valuable and enjoyed
the pictures of night rivers.
I must bid you fare well. (please click
after reading)
Remember, this project was made by
Srikar and Srikar only.