Meerdere keren verdienen aan een product. Is dat 'too good to be true?'

1. Flevum Roundtable
2 november 2011

2. Introductie van Gansewinkel
12% 8%
Energy for Waste
Collection
19%
Recycling 39% 53%
69%
2011B Revenues: €1,189m 2011B EBITDA: €256m
Collection Recycling Energy from Waste
• Operations in Netherlands, Belgium, • Operations in Netherlands, Belgium, • Operations in Netherlands
France, Poland, and the Czech Republic France, Portugal, the Czech Republic and  2 conventional EfW plants - steam/
Hungary
• Collection of household and commercial electricity/ heat (locations Rozenburg and
waste • Coolrec recycles >1m refrigerators and Duiven)
• c.1,700 vehicles
c.1.2m TVs per year  2 biomass plants (BEC /TCI) – green
energy
• Maltha is the leading glass recycler in
• c.150,000 commercial clients and 1m Europe; recycles c. 1,000kt glass per year  1 water treatment installation
households
• A&G provides total waste solutions in 4
 1 composting facility
areas: decontamination, remediation, waste • More than 75% of Incineration waste
and building materials portfolio contracted until 2019
VGG waste chain volumes:
c. 7 Mt ~60%1) c. 2 Mt2)
1) % of tons of recycled waste, i.e. excl incinerated waste
2) of which 1.5 Mt supplied by third parties and 0.5 Mt supplied by VGG
Slide 2 | 2 november 2011

3. Grondstoffen?
Het kan niet op!!
Afvalstoffen in
perspectief

4. 19e eeuw: hygiëne
Slide 4 | 2 november 2011

5. Ander afval bestond niet
Slide 5 | 2 november 2011

6. 20e eeuw: welvaart maakt afval
Slide 6 | 2 november 2011

7. 20e eeuw: afval moet weg
Slide 7 | 2 november 2011

8. 20e eeuw: milieu
Slide 8 | 2 november 2011

9. 20e eeuw: De vervuiler betaalt
Slide 9 | 2 november 2011

10. 20->21e eeuw: recycling wint terrein
Recycling of MSW (EU-15) Recycling of MSW (New EU member states)
53%
DE 66% CZ 1%
23%
BE 21%
58% 24%
46% BU
NL 20%
50%
NO
16% 13%
49% HU
15%
41%
SE 47%
EE 10%
LU 15%
43%
AT 28% MA 10%
43% 14%
DK 32%
41% 8%
9% CY
IE 13%
36%
29% NA
FI SK
33% 11%
12%
UK 30% 2%
LT
19% 11%
FR 28%
17% NA
IT RO
24% 10%
PT 7%
15% PL 2%
1996* 9% 1996*
ES
14% 2006 6% 2006
GR
4% LI
13% 8%
Slide 10 | 2 november 2011

11. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Bouw- en sloopsector
Slide 11 | 2 november 2011
Industrie
Huishoudens
Handel, diensten en
overheid
Landbouw, bosbouw
en visserij
Energievoorziening
Rioolwaterzuivering
Verkeer en vervoer
Drinkwatervoorzienin
Afval in Nederland (2008, miljoen ton)
g
20->21e eeuw: recycling wint terrein
Verbranden
Storten + lozen
Nuttige toepassing

12. 20->21e eeuw: recycling wint terrein
EU raw materials market (2008)
Production (total 100%) Total Recycling
Waste collected (Mton) rate*
Virgin Reused Disposal
Steel 60% 40% 13% 223 76%
Paper 35% 65% 25% 111 72%
Plastic 92% 8% 33% 80 21%
Glass 65% 35% 19% 37 65%
Rubber 47% 53% 23% 5 82%
Phosphate 99% N/A 3 N/A
Lead 65% 35% 35% 3 50%
Zinc 70% 30% 8% 2 80%
Recycling share is unlikely to reach 100% as certain percentage of virgin material will
always be required due to quality requirements and growth of materials in the market
Slide 12 | 2 november 2011

13. 21e eeuw: nuttige toepassing, maar….
Downcycling
Slide 13 | 2 november 2011

14. 21e eeuw: nuttige toepassing, maar….
Energetisch
hergebruik
Slide 14 | 2 november 2011

15. 21e eeuw: nuttige toepassing, maar….
Raw Material Markets
Years to depletion Top 3 Share of Comments
producers top 3
Soda ∞ CN, US, IN NM Self-regenerating and will not run out
Aluminium* 161 yrs CN, RU, CA 55% Large recycling share
Coal 148 yrs CN, US, IN 69% Very large supply but often difficult to mine
Phosphate 75 yrs CN, US, MA 75% Current scarcity specific for Europe
Iron ore 64 yrs CN, AU, BR 50% Large recycling shares, polluted by non-ferros
Gas 61 yrs US, RU, CA 42% Large in VGG’s home market
Copper 44 yrs CL, US, PE 47% Demand kept rising during crisis
Oil 43 yrs SA, RU, US 41% Energy substitutes already available
Antimony 30 yrs CN, BO, SA 95% Main reliance on Chinese production
Silver 29 yrs PE, MX, CN 44% Mined globally
Indium 13 yrs Rare metals CN, JP, KO 78% Recovery from other base metals possible
Slide 15 | 2 november 2011

16. 21e eeuw: Motivatie niet alleen milieu
Price developments Virgin materials
(Index 2000=100)
Inflation Economic crisis
350
2009
NaturalGas 239
300
Antimony 238
Ironore 225
250 Coal 205
WoodChips 189
200 Copper ore 187
Tin 172
150 Soda 154
Aluminium ore 150
Crude oil 145
100
Tungsten 141
Phosphate 137
50 Rubber 130
Inflation 123
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Slide 16 | 2 november 2011

17. 21e eeuw: Motivatie niet alleen milieu
Example: glass recycling costs
Indicative
75
Virgin
55 price
5* 50
50 10
€/ton
10
25 20
15
0
Cost of Processing Transport Margin Price of Lower Cost of usage
used glass recycled glass production
costs
Cost  Quality &  Plant scale  Customer  Reduction
drivers colour  Location proximity energy usage
 Supplier (country)  Lower CO2
proximity  Prolongation of
 Government furnace life time
schemes
* Estimated cost reduction is €5 /tonne based on 71% energy savings
Note: prices of used & recycled glass and virgin materials vary depending on quality
Slide 17 | 2 november 2011

18. 21e eeuw: Motivatie niet alleen milieu
Regulation
Landfill bans are becoming more important
in the EU to enforce environmental targets
Recycling targets for various waste
streams are already in place and new ones
are announced
Increasing taxes on waste disposal
Raw Material availability and prices . Innovation and user acceptance
Raw materials are becoming scarce with Production methods require a certain
limited ‘production years’ left quality of reused materials that cannot be
Scarcity is also driven by political Raw material
met by using reused materials only
availability and economical feasibility to supply
Customers have certain expectations of
mine
reused materials and managing these
Prices are significantly increasing
becomes more and more important
Energy and CO2 reduction
A report from the Bureau of International
Recycling shows that using recycled
materials in the production process
reduces energy usage and CO2 emission
Companies focus on reduction of CO2
footprint
Slide 18 | 2 november 2011

19. 21e eeuw: conclusie: Afval bestaat niet
Grondstoffen en Energie:
• Schaars
• Duur
Afval
• bevat grondstoffen
• bevat energie
Slide 19 | 2 november 2011

20. 21e eeuw: Afval bestaat niet
Voorbeeld:
Grote bank in Nederland
• > 500 kantoren
• alle afval
• 3 jaar
Slide 20 | 2 november 2011

21. 21e eeuw: Afval bestaat niet
Voorbeeld:
Grote bank in Nederland
• > 500 kantoren
• alle afval
• 3 jaar
Afvalomzet ????????
Slide 21 | 2 november 2011

22. Afval bestaat niet: stellingen
• De schillenboer/lompenkar komt terug in ons straatbeeld
• Groei van recycling is 100% afhankelijk van grondstofprijzen
• Regelgeving moet niet recycling van gebruikte producten
afdwingen, maar gebruik van gerecyclede grondstoffen.
• Een ‘closed loop’ is te creëren met de ondernemingen vandaag
aanwezig
• De volgende wereldoorlog wordt gevoerd om grondstoffen
(buiten olie)
• Think global, act local dient adagium te zijn voor EU, (&NL,
provincie, gemeente) op gebied van productie en consumptie
Slide 22 | 2 november 2011

23. Slide 23 | 2 november 2011

24. Potential savings (reused vs. virgin)*
Energy CO2
 Energy and CO2 reduction have been
Aluminium 95% 92%
compared for the entire production
process of the end product
Copper 85% 65%  Using recycled material often reduces
the required energy in production as raw
Plastic 80% 40%
materials are more comparable to the
end product (e.g. scrap vs. bauxite ore
for aluminium production)
Steel 74% 58%  CO2 is saved not only in production but
also in transportation
Glass 71% 11%  Raw ores are transported in large
quantities from elsewhere in the world to
be prepared for production locally
Lead 65% 99%
 Not only is the production process for
glass and paper much simpler but these
Paper 65% 18% are found closer to home which results
in more possible reduction of CO2
Zinc 60% 76%
Slide 24 | 2 november 2011

25. Trade volume in reused material EU-27
14%
Plastic
12%
10%
CAGR ’00-’09
8% Wood
Rubber
6% Paper and pulp
Glass
4% Copper
Ø = 3.5%
2% Non-Ferrous
Aluminium
0%
Ferrous
-2% Nickel
-4%
0 10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000 80.000
Volume (Mton)
Slide 25 | 2 november 2011

26. Activities along the value chain Raw material tonnages (2009)
% 2nd material /
Collection
CollectionServices Material
(5.1Mt)
green energy2
Combustible3 63%
Building &
81%
Construction
Sorting Hazardous 87%
Treatment
(3.3Mt)
Wood (~550kt) 100%
Glass 98%
WEEE 92%
Recycling
Recycling
(1.1Mt)
Paper 100%
Plastic 98%
Metals 100%
Processing
Incineration
(2.1Mt) Soil 71%
Breadth of array represents volume
1 Stage 1: Landfill stage; stage 2: new activities sorting, recycling, incineration; stage 3: expanding to raw material market and incineration towards energy from waste
2 Effective re-use as secondary material plus use for green energy production
3 Commercial & Household waste
Slide 26 | 2 november 2011

27. “Closing the loop”
Slide 27 | 2 november 2011