2.  Torodov has written that all narratives begin
with equilibrium where in which everything is
good and balanced. ( the initial situation )
 Then there later is a interruption, which is
solved in the end.
 When everything is resolved at the end of the
narrative a new equilibrium is restored or
established.

3.  Equilibrium ( a normal state, neutral, good or
bad)
 Interruption of the equilibrium ( action or
characters)
 Protagonist realises the equilibrium has been
disrupted and tries to correct and restore the
equilibrium.
 When the equilibrium is restored ( good, bad
or neutral) a totally new equilibrium is
established.

4.  Propp thought that there are seven roles which
any character may assume in a story.
 Villain – fights with hero
 False hero- Someone claiming to be a hero often
seeking but reacts like a real hero.
 Hero- ( seeker hero) Searches, has help from the
donor and often gets married at the end.
 Donor – Prepares provides hero with magical fix.
 Helper- Helps, rescues, solves.
 Dispatcher- sends hero off
 Princess – A wanted girl, she exists as a goal and
of recognises and marries hero.