This document provides information about comics/graphic novels including: 1) Comics are a sequence of drawings in a publication relating a humorous or adventure story, often featuring recurring characters. 2) Digital/webcomics have grown due to the internet, allowing new artistic techniques and greater distribution. 3) Elements of comics include speech balloons, thought balloons, onomatopoeias, panel layouts, and camera angles to tell the story visually.

1. COMIC
HELLO

3. Comic book
A sequence of drawings in a newspaper, magazine,
etc., relating a humorous story or an adventure.
A series or serialization of such narrative
sequences, usually featuring a regular cast of
haracters Also called strip cartoon

4. Corto Maltés in Siberia
Hugo Pratt, ( I War World Guerra )

5. • In galego is called
Banda deseñada
• In castellano historieta,
Tebeo or cómic
• In english comic strip
• In french bande
dessinée
• In italian fumetti
• In japanese manga
• In portugués de Brasil
quadrinhos

8. •
Digital ,e-comic, webcomics .
• Since the early 1990s the growth of
the World Wide Web has had its
impact on comics. Not only has it
proved an infinite platform for comic
artists to show their work, it also
provided a whole new canvas for
comic artists to draw their comics on,
using new computer techniques such
as 3D and animation. One of the first
to signal this development was Scott
McCloud, whose 'Understanding
Comics' and 'Reinventing Comics'
have become standard works. He
has opened the eyes of many comic
artists to the possibilities technology
provides for the comics medium.

9. OLÉ
ESCOBAR
MORTADELO Y FILEMÓN
IBAÑEZ
TBO 1917
BUIGAS , ESTIVIL Y VIÑAS
Morris
Lucky Luke

10. VISUAL METAPHORS
KINETIC LINES
ONOMATOPOEIAS
BALLOONS AND LABELS
FRAMING
TEXT
POINTS OF VIEW

11. WIDE SHOT
MS (MID SHOT)
CU (CLOSE UP)

12. EWS
(Extreme Wide Shot)
WIDE SHOT
MS (MID SHOT)
VWS
(Very Wide Shot)
CA (Cutaway)
CU (CLOSE UP)
WS (Wide Shot)

13. WIDE SHOT
MS (MID SHOT)
CU (CLOSE UP)
AMERICAN SHOT
MCU
MEDIUM CLOSE UP

14. WIDE SHOT
MS (MID SHOT)
CU (CLOSE UP)
PRIMER
PLANO
ECU
EXTREMECLOSE UP
CUT-IN

15. EWS
(Extreme Wide
Shot) l GRAN
PLANO
GENERAL
The view is so far
from the subject
that he isn't even
visible. Often
used as an
establishing shot.

16. VWS (Very
Wide Shot)
PLANO
GENERAL
The subject is
visible
(barely), but
the emphasis
is still on
placing him in
his
environment.

17. CA
CUTAWAY
PLANO DE
CONJUNTO
A shot of
something
others than
the subject

18. WS (Wide
Shot)
PLANO
ENTERO The
subject takes
up the full
frame, or at
least as much
as comfortably
possible.

19. AMERICAN
SHOT
PLANO
AMERICANO
Shows some
part of the
subject in more
detail up to
knees, giving
an impression
of the whole
subject.

20. MS
Mid Shot
PLANO
MEDIO Shows
some part of
the subject in
more detail
while still
giving an
impression of
the whole
subject.

21. CU
Close Up
PRIMER PLANO
A certain feature or
part of the subject
takes up the whole
frame.

22. ECU (also known as XCU)
Extreme Close Up
PRIMERÍSIMO PLANO
It gets right in and shows extreme
detail.
You would normally need a specific
reason to get this close. It is too
close to show general reactions or
emotion except in very dramatic
scenes.

23. Cut-In
PLANO DE
DETALLE
Shows some
(other) part of the
subject in detail.

24. Camera Angles
The term camera angle means
slightly different things to
different people but it always
refers to the way a shot is
composed. It means the angle
between the camera and the
subject. We will concentrate on
the literal interpretation of
camera angles, that is, the angle
of the camera relative to the
subject.

25. High
Angle
EyeLevel
Low Angle

26. To be understood as representing the speech or
thoughts of a given character in the comic. There
is often a formal distinction between the balloon
that indicates thoughts and the one that
indicates words spoken aloud: the bubble that
conveys subjective thoughts is often referred to
as a thought balloon.

27. LABELING

28. VISUAL METAPHORS

29. KINETIC LINES

30. Bold characteres.
Such as text size and font
characteristics, may be reasonably and
usefully described using common TEI
techniques,

32. The sequence order and
sonoroty of the words.
A cry can be expressed by a
large size, a type of raised
edges and a well defined
thickness .....

33. ONOMATOPOEIAS (CLIC, CRASH, BOOM, BANG,
MIAAAU, GUAU, GRRRRR,…)

34. The panels above are not uniform in
shape or size. Pictorial elements,
such as the gun in the fifth panel and
the purple-suited figure and motion
lines in the bottom two panels, cross
the gutter separating the panels and
co-exist in multiple panels. These
graphic moves suggest interesting
spatial and temporal juxtapositions
and facilite visual transitions from
panel to panel, breaking down the
clear
separation
of
narrative
moments and instigating a flow
approaching (though still very far
removed from) the rapid frame-toframe transitions found in film