The document discusses cellular structure and function. It covers the history of cell discovery from Leeuwenhoek to Virchow. It describes the key components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells including the cell membrane, nucleus, organelles, and differences between plant and animal cells. It also explains different types of cellular transport mechanisms like diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
10. Light Microscope (100X) Scanning Electron Microscope (1500X) Transmission Electron Microscope (62,000X)
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20. Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell Nucleus- a distinct central organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) Organelles-Specialized structures that carry out specific cell functions. Organisms that are made up of eukaryotic cells are called eukaryotes. Plasma Membrane- Special boundary that helps control what enters and leaves the cell. Has no nucleus or organelles. Organisms that are made up of prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes. This includes most unicellular organisms like bacteria.
25. How does the cell membrane maintain homeostasis?
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29. Structure of the Plasma Membrane Outside of cell Cell membrane Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains Inside of cell (cytoplasm)
43. 2 Types of Eukaryotic Cells Plant Cell Animal Cell
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55. Smooth & Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth ER lacks ribosomes & makes proteins USED In the cell Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface & makes proteins to EXPORT
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70. Differences between plant cells and animal cells Animal cells Plant cells Relatively smaller in size Irregular shape No cell wall Relatively larger in size Regular shape Cell wall present
71. Differences between Plant Cells and Animal Cells Animal cells Plant cells Vacuole small or absent Glycogen as food storage Nucleus at the center Large central vacuole Starch as food storage Nucleus near cell wall
