2. SNAKES
Of the over 2000 species of snakes
in the world, about 200 are foundin
India. These range from the worm
snakes having a length of about 10
cms. to those more than 6 mts.
long. They live in almost all habitats
from the warm seas to semi-deserts,
swamps, lakes and even in the
Himalayan glaciers up to an
elevation of about 5000 mts. Thirty
main species of Indian snakes have
been discribed here.on that 250 are
poisonous.there are 4 dangerous
3. SOME OF THE SNAKES IN INDIA
ARE
Common Krait
(Bungarus caeruleus): A medium-sized snake with
thin white bands on its body. Found almost all over
India up to elevation of about 1700 mts. They are
nocturnal in habit of about 1700 mts. They are
nocturnal in habit
4. Indian Spectacled Cobra
(Naja naja naja): A medium to large-sized snake found
all over India up to an elevation of about 4000 mts. in
the Himalayas. They feed on frogs, toads, rodents,
birds and small snakes.
5. Indian Monocled Cobra
(Naja naja kaouthia): A medium-sized snake ,parts
ofUttarPradesh,Bihar,Orissa,WestBengal.They
aremainly nocturnal in habit.
6. Russell's Viper
(Vipera russellii) : A medium to large-sized snake with
a characteristic bright.
patternonitsbody.FoundalloverIndiabothin the plains
and hills up to an elevation of about 3000 mts
7. Saw-scaled Viper
(Echis carinatus): A small-sized snake found all over
India, usually in the plains. They may occur in areas as
high as 2000 mts. in the northwestern Himalayas
8. Another snakes
Upper snakes are top 4 poisonous
snakes
Some other non venomous and venomus snakes
are:-
Slender Worm Snake 2. Pied-belly Shield-tail Snake 3.
Nilgiri Shield-tail Snake4.Regal Python kasi Earth
Snake 6. Olive Forest Snake7. Glossy Marsh Snake
Bamboo Pit Viper,Hook-nosed Sea Snake, King Cobra,
Sleder Coral Snake,Banded Krait, Dog-faced
Watersnake, Common Cat Snake, Vine Snake, Flying
Snake,mamba, Bronze-back Tree Snake, Royal Snake,
Banded Racer, Rat Snake, Trinket Snake, Olive
Keelback Watersnake, Checkered Keelback
9. SNAKE BITE
A snakebite is an injury caused by a bite from
a snake, often resulting in puncture wounds
inflicted by the animal's fangs and sometimes
resulting in envenomation. Although the majority of
snake species are non-venomous and typically kill
their prey with constrictionrather
than venom, venomous snakes can be found on
every continent except Antarctica.[1] Snakes often
bite their prey as a method of hunting, but also for
defensive purposes against predators. Since the
physical appearance of snakes may differ, there is
10. Part2 of snake
bites
The outcome of snake bites depends on numerous
factors, including the species of snake, the area of
the body bitten, the amount of venom injected, and
the health conditions of the person. Feelings of
terror and panic are common after a snakebite and
can produce a characteristic set of symptoms
mediated by theautonomic nervous system, such as
a racing heart andnausea.[4][5] Bites from non-
venomous snakes can also cause injury, often due
to lacerations caused by the snake's teeth, or from a
resulting infection. A bite may also trigger
an anaphylactic reaction, which is potentially fatal.
First aid recommendations for bites depend on the
11. Part3 of snake bites
The number of fatalities attributed to snake bites varies
greatly by geographical area. Although deaths are relatively
rare in Australia, Europe and North America,[1][6][7] the
morbidity and mortality associated with snake bites is a
serious public health problem in many regions of the
world, particularly in rural areas lacking medical facilities.
Further, while South Asia, Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan
Africa report the highest number of bites, there is also a
high incidence in the Neotropics and other equatorial
andsubtropical regions.[1][6][7] Each year tens of thousands
of people die from snake bites,[1] yet the risk of being bitten
can be lowered with preventive measures, such as wearing
protective footwear and avoiding areas known to be
inhabited by dangerous snakes.
12. Snake Bite Prevention
Venomous snakebites are not always painful and may not be
visible to the naked or untrained eye. There may or may
not be puncture or scratch marks, let alone two puncture
marks as most commonly seen in the movies. Venomous
snakes have more than just two fangs in their mouth, they
have other teeth both top & bottom as we do, consequently
multiple scratch or puncture marks may be seen.
A venomous snake only needs to break the top layer of skin
& leave a tiny sample of venom (invisible to the eye) and
this could be responsible for a fatallity.
13. Snake bite prevention
SNAKE BITE PREVENTION:
Always leave snakes alone. Do not attempt to hold, touch,
feel or interfere with a snake
Dead snakes can still inflict a fatal bite & there have been
many documented incidents. Don't bury a dead snake in
the garden bed, someone may scratch themselves on it,
digging around at a later date. Don't throw the body of a
dead snake into the paddock, someone may tread on or
scratch themselves on the skeleton which may contain
crystalized venom, still being lethal! Sometimes the nerves
of a dead snake, severed in peices can still be resposible for
a potentially fatal bite.
95% of people that are admitted to hospital due to
snakebite, are those whom have tried to kill and/or
interfere with the reptile, (statistical studies done in WA).
14. Part3 snake bite prevention
Use a torch if walking around on a warm evening when
dark, even around the house! Instead of risking death from
cooking on a warm day, a snake will venture out of a night,
laying upon warm pathways/cement/roads etc; to build up
it's body temperature prior to going on the hunt.
Reptiles/snakes are cold blooded & ectothermic, meaning
they need to draw & control their body temperature, by
using the outside elements. This is why they are more
commonly encountered in the warmer months of the year.
On the other hand when temperatures are 32C & above,
snakes/reptiles will seek areas to cool down, including
inside your house. A snake may also detect moisture from
air conditioning, escaping under the back/front door, as it
passes by, especially in times of dry weather or drought.
Don't invite a snake into your house by leaving the door
open, not even for your pets
15. Part 4
Never leave front/back doors include tents open in warm
weather, make sure insect screens have no holes in them
and monitor pet doors as snakes also use these to gain
entry to a cooler area or water on a hot day. Fit a good
quality weather strip to your door, one that has a grommet
attached to the door stop, forcing the weather strip to the
floor upon closing the door.
Stack iron, firewood, timber etc; at least 30cm (12inches) off
the ground. If possible don't leave items laying around the
carport, garage or shed, especially near front/back doors.
Try and use shelving.
Always turn compost heaps regually to help prevent rodents
from nesting in there. Prevent mice & rats from breeding
on and around your property. Snakes will venture into the
roof of ceiling space after them.
16. Part 5
Keep lawns, grass and weeds cut down to a minimum.
Prune overhanging bushes, shrubs and trees up off the
ground, removing secure areas where snakes like to
hide. When landscaping your garden, remember that
moss rocks, poorly constructed retaining walls and
ground covers provide excellent & secure places for
snakes to hide & live in particular - cavities after soil
movement?
Don't leave shoes/ boots etc; laying on the ground at
the back/front door, if you must, get a shoe rack. A
metre long brown snake can easily hide unseen -
inside a shoe left laying on the ground at the door!
17. Part6 and conclusion
Don't leave your pet's water bowl by the back door, move it
further down the backyard into a shaded area! Having your
pet's water bowl near the door encourages the snake closer
to your house making it easier to dart inside when you
venture out! A dripping tap or air conditioner outlet can also
provide a viable water source for a thirsty snake!
Never intentionally run over a snake on the road as it may
hitch a ride home with you!
have the campsite well lit at night when snakes are active.
Snake-bite Prevention is far better than a cure. There have
been times when antivenenes haven't worked. There may
also be secondary infections or other complications.
