How to Keep Product Development Teams Going Fast

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This document discusses how to keep product development teams moving fast while managing technical debt. It describes two types of technical debt: intentional debt from conscious tradeoffs and unintentional debt from poor practices. Technical debt leads to long delivery times, defects, and frustrated teams in a vicious cycle. The document recommends continuous integration, test automation, refactoring, and peer review to manage debt. It includes an exercise where teams plan iterations considering feature work and technical debt remediation to maximize throughput over time. The key lessons are to capture, visualize and estimate technical debt, invest time in remediation while allowing team slack, in order to maintain a fast and steady development pace.

Technology Business Economy & Finance

HOW TO KEEP YOUR
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
TEAMS GOING FAST
Product Camp Austin 11

As you come in, find someone in
the room and discuss what you
know about Technical Debt

We’d prefer a fast, steady stream
of new features…

Long Delivery Times
Mounting Defects
Rising Development Costs
Poor Customer Responsiveness
Late Deliveries
Frustrated and Poor Performing
Teams

Intentional Debt
Temporary
Code
Business Pressure
Delayed
Testing
Other
Conscious
Tradeoffs

Unintentional Debt
Poor Code
or Design
Business Pressure
Poor Practices
Inflexible
Software
Lack of understanding
Poor
design/architecture
Unintended
Complexity
Poor design

A Vicious Cycle
Time
Pressure
Poorly
Implemented
Features
Late Delivery

Refactoring - would you trust
delivery of your products over this
road?

http://jimhighsmith.com/the-financial-implications-of-technical-debt/
Jim Highsmith’s Technical Debt Graph
Rewrite!

Let’s do an exercise to understand
the concept further.
Form into Teams of at least 4
people.

Feature
Cost: 15
Feature
Cost: 10
Feature
Cost: 5
Technical Debt
Cost 15
Impact -10
Technical Debt
Cost 15
Impact -10
Technical Debt
Cost 10
Impact -5
Technical Debt
Cost 5
Impact -5
Technical Debt
Cost 5
Impact -5
Iteration Card
Setup your board as follows

0"
10"
20"
30"
40"
50"
60"
70"
Itera/ on"1" Itera/ on"2" Itera/ on"3" Itera/ on"4" Itera/ on"5"
Theori/ cal"Capacity" Technical"Debt"Impact"
-35
25
X

0"
10"
20"
30"
40"
50"
60"
70"
Itera/ on"1" Itera/ on"2" Itera/ on"3" Itera/ on"4" Itera/ on"5"
Theori/ cal"Capacity" Technical"Debt"Impact"

Feature
Cost: 10
Feature
Cost: 15
Feature
Cost: 10
Technical Debt
Cost 15
Impact -10
Technical Debt
Cost 15
Impact -10
Technical Debt
Cost 10
Impact -5
Technical Debt
Cost 5
Impact -5
Technical Debt
Cost 5
Impact -5
Iteration Card
You have 25 Points to Spend
Select the cards you want to spend your points on.
No partially done work.
Feature
Cost: 5
Feature
Cost: 5

0"
10"
20"
30"
40"
50"
60"
70"
Itera/ on"1" Itera/ on"2" Itera/ on"3" Itera/ on"4" Itera/ on"5"
Theori/ cal"Capacity" Technical"Debt"Impact"
-35
25
10
15
15
X

The goal is to complete as many
feature points at the end of 5
iterations.
Go!

The goal is to complete as many
feature points at the end of 5
iterations.
Stop!

Theoretical Capacity
Technical Debt
Productivity
Time

In order to go fast we need a
focus on Craftsmanship

Discuss how you could apply these
concepts to help your teams go
fast.

How to Keep Product Development Teams Going Fast

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How to Keep Product Development Teams Going Fast

1. HOW TO KEEP YOUR PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT TEAMS GOING FAST Product Camp Austin 11

3. As you come in, find someone in the room and discuss what you know about Technical Debt

4. We’d prefer a fast, steady stream of new features…

5. But sometimes it feels more like this

6. Long Delivery Times Mounting Defects Rising Development Costs Poor Customer Responsiveness Late Deliveries Frustrated and Poor Performing Teams

9. Intentional Debt Temporary Code Business Pressure Delayed Testing Other Conscious Tradeoffs

10. Unintentional Debt Poor Code or Design Business Pressure Poor Practices Inflexible Software Lack of understanding Poor design/architecture Unintended Complexity Poor design

11. A Vicious Cycle Time Pressure Poorly Implemented Features Late Delivery

12. Continuous Integration

13. Test (and other) Automation

14. Refactoring - would you trust delivery of your products over this road?

15. Peer Review

16. http://jimhighsmith.com/the-financial-implications-of-technical-debt/ Jim Highsmith’s Technical Debt Graph Rewrite!

17. Let’s do an exercise to understand the concept further. Form into Teams of at least 4 people.

18. Feature Cost: 15 Feature Cost: 10 Feature Cost: 5 Technical Debt Cost 15 Impact -10 Technical Debt Cost 15 Impact -10 Technical Debt Cost 10 Impact -5 Technical Debt Cost 5 Impact -5 Technical Debt Cost 5 Impact -5 Iteration Card Setup your board as follows

19. Feature Cost: 15 Feature Cost: 10 Feature Cost: 5 Technical Debt Cost 15 Impact -10 Technical Debt Cost 15 Impact -10 Technical Debt Cost 10 Impact -5 Technical Debt Cost 5 Impact -5 Technical Debt Cost 5 Impact -5 Iteration Card Add up the total impact of all technical debt items -35

20. 0" 10" 20" 30" 40" 50" 60" 70" Itera/ on"1" Itera/ on"2" Itera/ on"3" Itera/ on"4" Itera/ on"5" Theori/ cal"Capacity" Technical"Debt"Impact" -35 25 X

21. 0" 10" 20" 30" 40" 50" 60" 70" Itera/ on"1" Itera/ on"2" Itera/ on"3" Itera/ on"4" Itera/ on"5" Theori/ cal"Capacity" Technical"Debt"Impact"

22. Feature Cost: 10 Feature Cost: 15 Feature Cost: 10 Technical Debt Cost 15 Impact -10 Technical Debt Cost 15 Impact -10 Technical Debt Cost 10 Impact -5 Technical Debt Cost 5 Impact -5 Technical Debt Cost 5 Impact -5 Iteration Card You have 25 Points to Spend Select the cards you want to spend your points on. No partially done work. Feature Cost: 5 Feature Cost: 5

23. 0" 10" 20" 30" 40" 50" 60" 70" Itera/ on"1" Itera/ on"2" Itera/ on"3" Itera/ on"4" Itera/ on"5" Theori/ cal"Capacity" Technical"Debt"Impact" -35 25 10 15 15 X

24. The goal is to complete as many feature points at the end of 5 iterations. Go!

25. The goal is to complete as many feature points at the end of 5 iterations. Stop!

26. Theoretical Capacity Technical Debt Productivity Time

27. In order to go fast we need a focus on Craftsmanship

28. Capture your debt

29. Visualize and estimate

30. Need to invest time, team needs slack

31. Discuss how you could apply these concepts to help your teams go fast.

Editor's Notes

Attribution: http://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwshq/8426146245/in/photolist-dQAcHx-f8wNoo-cSUakj-f8wNhN-cD8Fhm-cyRqpf-bjfV3x-7HHtaY-aRr156-8aupg4-7LK1as-7LRCsG-abNnzs-951W8W-7LRB1J-cZaxJj-8juseK-cpe6EJ-aCy8xe-du4Qh6-bDSxTn-9tsUQP-azwePa-a1oo6r-dCoxvW-c1KAqW-8h18Ri-bxVC3z-ePXdaS-7Xr9rh-cNWatS-ds9QJu-ds9FpF-ds9R55-ds9Qq3-ds9RHj-ds9GSV-a98QGU-bdEkpe-aeyxri-eZ6vag-7UAhNN-8RjCKM-bmXXkL-cmPWC7-c5eSqQ-7GPcZu-7LMFkF-cMLTYo-8ejG7H-cmPWQq/lightbox/
SymptomsImage attributions:http://www.flickr.com/photos/14511253@N04/4411497087/in/photolist-7HQ5oB-9qa4rb-7CHWy4-9q6Whp-8QjLj7-b7LaSn-9PUHMi-9oQ3qw-8iu4HN-9qxd3u-auQz9Z-a7Fctt-7ziiDq-9itKnt-dGN5VZ-8VV7NP-bBu2vW-bgDwNk-b4KooT-b4Kor8-b4Kota-b4KnT4-9qc58h-9q9okR-9q6gKK-9q7GDX-9q9uFw-7REcDB-amVpjf-aU2khT-bx9EXX-bjWDaT-9VryJk-7XZRgj-7XZQmu-7XWzb8-7PqVf7-avb9xS-avhS6v-9iL2JU-8kErPW-8wqZJZ-9q4aZp-9qgydX-9CbvHx-bkeVkw-aDb1kG-9bQLa4-9qfftM-7FK373-bB2cMehttp://www.flickr.com/photos/98193606@N00/3466024918/in/photolist-6hhhsj-6hHv9z-6hJQ94-6kPYqY-6mCk9G-6zKJLm-6zXfNr-6FUTot-6Qk2Sx-6TkkWU-6VyFqc-6X65A7-6YdYmY-6YyCNJ-7enMRy-7kD9oV-7w9FHt-9zYUbN-7HQ5oB-7QWatV-bPLUhn-bvH8Dv-7WepXX-eETBiA-9zrNro-8hvJXJ-9y23Bn-7NGfDb-9BhUgv-9SUSTr-ccfa4q-ccfcoy-ccfaDG-bUSTZH-bUSXFx-bUSVMc-ccfcFN-bUSUFV-bUSWkR-ccfcvC-ccfaiS-ccfaJh-bUSUKZ-bUSWbt-ccfb7Y-bUSWuv-ccf9R5-ccfd8Y-bUSV9p-ccf8ru-ccf9BAhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/43088195@N03/4536619509/in/photolist-7UTmVK-8a9Ani-dsT1wn-7Tg2ay-e6QgRx-e6VUVU-e6QgV6-e6VUTs-e6VUYC-e6Qh78-dEPDR7-dEJgeB-8a9ATi-e5piNA-bSPPHi-cLQR4Y-7H1ohN-9cs4T6-8mazGL-8xD2HP-8mazfW-bDcUqf-bWJ7TK-9qPqp4-dgjFYo-e9LFvq-bUCP3e-8rYusH-effxjm-bos1RP-8pr8hQ-a43cdw-8zGsCp-bJBaf6-81kp1V-9PoYnz-bXcg7w-efty5g-ef9Jmx-8CFmHB-98nU74-dTPBLJ-ef9NEe-a9chF3-91Pp6J-drhmrN-dr6e6D-c3FT4W-83wM3S-dp1PwW-atS3cshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/49503102897@N01/54389823/in/photolist-5NLcz-675rs-8zm7x-cJ3W6-n2cdj-p3S1H-r8fLX-rafFi-tpGed-tWtcr-yxxin-BHaEq-Cqe2K-Et2EX-J2cVe-ZYxen-2as17k-2cNeb2-2M4o2x-397sho-3eu4QL-3ftfgM-3nrv1i-3nR78L-3UbB1x-4kHKK1-4oDUyJ-4p3Eoa-4pDQzB-4A1f2M-4BidvL-4Ckoht-4LcGYe-4ThTPe-4XsfGQ-5nnZJL-5vAYu2-5xxLb9-5zbvKS-5B9ixa-5CiuF3-5G4WGv-5PXSRw-5RDD3C-5RE3QD-5RSP6E-5TaFQ8-5XCkjK-5YscQw-5YMBcR-61vEoa
We’re used to seeing and investing in Features and Bugs, but there are other investments needed too.http://pkruchten.wordpress.com/
Sometimes due to process, etc. but very often due to technical issues. We have a way of describing this called Technical Debt, which is based on a financial metaphor.Simpler or delayed design and implementation choices are like borrowing money. (I like "writing code" better than "skipping design" here -- JimLittle)Refactoring, implementing practices, or otherwise “doing it right” is like repaying principalSlower development due to complexity is like paying interest[a later addition] When the whole project caves in under the mess, is that like when the big guys come round and slam your hands in the car door for not paying up?
Photo:http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Duct-tape.jpg
Photo by Jessica Spenglerhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/wordridden/6357610039/
http://eightvo.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/koelewijnwerk02.jpgContinuous Integration:DefinitionWithout it:Team finds issues late, rushes to fix, prone to cut cornersRisk of some work getting stale and needing to be abandonedAttribution: http://www.archersafetysigns.co.uk/prod.php?prod=7402
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jurvetson/6219463656/sizes/o/in/photolist-atAnS1-dhZrKM-atHJJo-9mvMsP-bs52Uo-bvcbis-bEWnc2-chEjh3-asg29e-biGH9K-7NJQbS-7NESvF-awbMMT-9ANyUd-9mqRC4-aXuibg-9M2QU4-7zxwmK-bdbY5i-dPuGGx/Photo by Steve JurvetsonThe photo is a Tesla – it’s not slow ;-)Automated TestingDefinitionWithout it:Defects found late, potentially not during the development processTeam less confident in making changes that introduce unintended behaviorMay push back or sandbag unnecessarilyRequires more manual testing effort to changeHigher level of bugs, reworkImplementation less testable, and often poorly designedAttribution: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Advanced_Automation_for_Space_Missions_figure_5-29.gif
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jollyuk/4143795151
Photo by Alex Hunghttp://www.flickr.com/photos/40077210@N00/3667199868
Phase 1: Lower cost for new featuresPhase 2: Accumlating Debt
Features backlogTech debt has accrued and the technical team has identified it and estimated the work and estimated the business impact
DebriefWhat did you learn?Technical Debt GrowsShare results (explain interesting ones)
Debrief- What did you learn
Stop digging the holeDon’t add new problemsDon’t make existing problems worseBoy Scout RuleLeave it cleaner than you found itIncremental improvementPhoto by AbhisekSardahttp://www.flickr.com/photos/reallynuts/4385681932/sizes/o/in/photolist-7FxLrJ-aL2Ngz-aN2VCP-7HYeMi-cpF5YC-7HYjKK-9k5K4T-cEcaKU-cEciJu-cEc9E3-cEc8Bf-cEceiG-cEcdbA-cEcfwm-cEcgDN-7yFDdK-ctkvPm-8vEXcj-8vBWhi-e6co5M-87q3Uk-86XQkY-ancyYm-7JDYGF-8itvxq-7H6R6f-8itvBU-7H6QTw-7H6QZj-7An2T3-7Fpg6m-8nkuqi/
Visualize your debt, make it explicitPhoto by Oliver Hammondhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/olivander/58499153/
Photo by Kristi Johnsonhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/46142663@N03/4451325321
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Roger_McLassushttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2006-02-04_Metal_spiral.jpg
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Editor's Notes