We believe a flawed premise. Typhoon disasters, which occur annually, should be enough to make any nation susceptible to typhoons adopt and implement policies that will lead to their typhoon disaster resilience. Fact: it usually takes multiple disasters before a stricken nation will adopt policies to move towards disaster resilient. Creating turning points for typhoon disaster resilience. Integration of scientific and technical solutions with political solutions for policies on preparedness, protection, early warning, emergency response, and recovery. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction

1. LEARNING FROM GLOBAL
DISASTER LABORATORIES
PART 1: TYPHOONS

2. WIND AND WATER
PENETRATE BUILDING
ENVELOPE
TYPHOONS
UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM
FLYING DEBRIS PENETRATES
WINDOWS
STORM SURGE
HEAVY PRECIPITATION
FLASH FLOODING
(MUDFLOWS)
LANDSLIDES (MUDFLOWS)
CAUSES
OF RISK
GLOBAL
DISASTER
LABORATORIES

3. EXAMPLE:
SUPER TYPHOON HAIYAN
- - -A DISASTER LABORATORY FOR
THE PHILIPPINES IN 2013- - -
PAID OFF IN 2014

4. SUPER TYPHOON HAIYAN
DEVASTATED THE PHILIPPINES
NOVEMBER 8-10, 2013

5. HAIYAN REACHED THE
PHILIPPINES: FRIDAY, NOV. 8

6. HAIYAN: A SUPER TYPHOON

7. WE BELIEVE A FLAWED PREMISE:
TYPHOON DISASTERS, WHICH
OCCUR ANNUALLY,
SHOULD BE ENOUGH TO MAKE
ANY NATION SUSCEPTIBLE TO
TYPHOONS ADOPT AND
IMPLEMENT POLICIES THAT WILL
LEAD TO THEIR TYPHOON
DISASTER RESILIENCE

8. FACT: IT USUALLY TAKES
MULTIPLE DISASTERS BEFORE A
STRICKEN NATION WILL ADOPT
POLICIES TO MOVE TOWARDS
DISASTER RESILIENT

9. FACT:
MOST UNAFFECTED NATIONS
DON’T EVEN TRY TO LEARN
ANYTHING NEW FROM ANOTHER
NATION’S DISASTERS AND
CERTAINLY DON’T CHANGE
THEIR EXISTING POLICIES

10. 2014 TYPHOON SEASON
TYPHOON RAMMASUN
Tuesday, July 15, 2014

11. TYPHOON RAMMASUN
(a Thai term for “God of
Thunder”)
(AKA GLENDA locally)
IMPACTED THE PHILIPPINES
Wednesday, July 16, 2014

12. Rammasun (CAT 3) was the
strongest storm to threaten the
country since Haiyan, a Cat-5
"super typhoon" that wiped
out nearly everything in its
path when it crossed over the
central Philippines in
November, 2013.

13. TYPHOON RAMMASUN

14. JULY 14
• Typhoon Rammasun (the 7th storm
of 2014 to hit the Philippines)
arrived at Rapu-Rapu island in the
eastern province of Albay with
gusts of up to 160 kph (99 mph)
and sustained winds of 130 kph (81
mph) near its centre.,

15. RAMMASUN WAS HEADED
FOR MANILLA—THE FIRST
DIRECT HIT ON THE CAPITOL
IN FOUR YEARS—ON JULY 14,
2014

16. TYPHOON RAMMASUN’S
PREDICTED PATH

17. THE PREMISE:
BY NOW, THE PHILIPPINES
SHOULD HAVE LEARNED THE
LESSONS ON WHAT TO DO
BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER A
TYPHOON DISASTER FROM PAST
TYPHOONS

18. - - - (AND THEY DID!!)
THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES
APPLIED THE
VITAL LESSONS LEARNED
8 MONTHS EARLIER FROM
HAIYAN, AND MANY OTHERS

19. TIMELY ANTICIPATORY
ACTIONS
• At least 300,000 people had
already fled from their homes
in Albay province alone.
• However, many people were
unwilling to evacuate.

20. TIMELY ANTICIPATORY
ACTIONS
• Schools were closed.
• International flights were
cancelled.
• The army was placed on high
alert.

21. PHYSICAL DETAILS
• Typhoon Rammasun, with
gusts of up to 160 kph (99 mph)
and sustained winds of 130 kph
(81 mph) near its centre, hit
land over Rapu-Rapu island in
the eastern province of Albay,

22. JULY 15,TYPHOON RAMMASUN
WAS HEADED TOWARDS MANILLA

23. GOOD NEWS ON JULY 16:
The eye of Typhoon
Rammasun made a late shift
away from Manila,
significantly reducing the
damage to the capitol city of
17 million people.

24. LESSON: THE TIMING OF
ANTICIPATORY ACTIONS IS VITAL
• The people who know: 1) what to
expect (e.g., high-velocity winds,
rain, flash floods, landslides, and
storm surge), 2) where and when it
will happen, and 3) what they
should (and should not) do to
prepare will survive.

25. JULY 14-16: TRACKING THE
STORM IN MANILA OFFICE

26. LESSON: TIMELY EARLY WARNING
AND EVACUATION SAVES LIVES
• The people who have timely early
warning in conjunction with a
community evacuation plan that
facilitates getting out of harm’s way
from the risks associated with
storm surge, high winds, flooding,
and landslides will survive.

27. A MAJOR FACTOR:
FORTUNATELY, GOOD
COMMUNICATIONS HAD
MOTIVATED OVER 400,000
PEOPLE TO EVACUATE

28. AN EVACUATION CENTER:
LEGAZPI CITY

29. LESSON: EMERGENCY RESPONSE
SAVES LIVES
• The “Uncontrollable and
Unthinkable” events will always
hinder the timing of emergency
response operations.

30. LESSON: EMERGENCY MEDICAL
PREPAREDNESS SAVES LIVES
• Damaged hospitals and medical
facilities combined with lack of
clean drinking water, food, and
medicine, and high levels of
morbidity and mortality will quickly
overrun the local community’s
capacity for emergency health care.

31. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
• Flooded streets
• Bridges washed out or
impassible
• Sea wall damaged
• Airport closed; planes
damaged on the runway
• Landslides

32. STRANDED AT INTERNATIONAL
AIRPORT: MANILA

33. Typhoon Rammasun’s peak
winds of 150 kilometers (93
miles) per hour and gusts up
to 185 kph (115 mph) caused
major socio-economic
impacts

34. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
• The Capital’s functions were
shut down for a time
• Downed trees
• Power outages
• 20,000+ Roofs ripped off
• Major roads blocked by debris

35. MANILA BAY: TRYING TO
REINFORCE FRAGILE HOUSES

36. LESSON: WIND ENGINEERED
BUILDINGS SAVE LIVES
• Buildings engineered to withstand
the risks from a typhoon’s high
velocity winds will maintain their
function and protect occupants and
users from death and injury.

37. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
• Damage to crops (rice and
corn) was estimated at around
668 million pesos, or about $15
million.

38. Good News: According to the
Mayor of Manila, no deaths.
However, 77 deaths were
ultimatedly reported in other
locations..

39. MANILA BAY: EXAMPLE OF
DAMAGE TO FRAGILE HOUSES

40. REPLACING LIQUID GAS IN
HOME

41. FLOODED STREETS:
QUEZON CITY

42. FLOODED STREETS: QUEZON
CITY, GREATER MANILA

43. LOCAL “S AND R”

44. Search and Rescue and Relief
Efforts Will be Hampered by
Landslides and Damaged Road
Systems
LESSON: All Kinds of Things Will go
Wrong During the Emergency Response
Period When the Uncontrollable and
Unthinkable Happen.

45. DOWNED TREE: MANILA

46. STRENGTHENING A
DAMAGED SEA WALL

47. DAMAGED BRIDGE

48. DAMAGED BRIDGE

49. LESSON: THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY ALWAYS PROVIDES AID
• The International Community
provides millions to billions of
dollars in relief to help “pick up the
pieces, ” but this strategy is not
enough by itself to ensure disaster
resilience.

50. WEDNESDAY, JULY 2014
• A weakened Rammasun
heading toward China's Hainan
Island and northern Vietnam.
• WARNING: It could strengthen
again in the open water- - -
• (and it did!)

51. FACT:
TYPHOON DISASTER RESILIENCE
POLICIES BASED ON LESSONS
LEARNED FROM PAST TYPHOON
LABORATORIES ARE NEEDED BY
MANY NATIONS

52. PILLARS OF TYPHOON DISASTER
RESILIENCE
Preparedness
Adoption and Implementation of a Modern Wind
Engineering Building Code
Time,y Early Warning and Evacuation
Timely Emergency Response (including
Emergency Medical Services)
Cost-Effective Recovery

53. COMMUNITIES
DATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
HAZARDS:
GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
• TYPHOON HAZARDS
•INVENTORY
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
TYPHOON RISK
RISK
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
TYPHOON DISASTER
RESILIENCE
•PREPAREDNESS
•PROTECTION
•FORECASTS/SCENARIOS
•EMERGENCY RESPONSE
•RECOVERY and
RECONSTRUCTION
POLICY OPTIONS

54. THE CHALLENGE:
POLICY CHANGES: CREATE, ADJUST, AND
REALIGN PROGRAMS, PARTNERS AND
PEOPLE UNTIL YOU HAVE CREATED THE
KINDS OF TURNING POINTS NEEDED FOR
MOVING TOWARDS TYPHOON RESILIENCE

55. CREATING TURNING POINTS FOR
TYPHOON DISASTER
RESILIENCE
 USING EDUCATIONAL SURGES CONTAINING
THE PAST AND PRESENT LESSONS TO FOSTER
AND ACCELERATE THE CREATION OF TURNING
POINTS

56. CREATING TURNING POINTS FOR
TYPHOON DISASTER
RESILIENCE
INTEGRATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND
TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS WITH POLITICAL
SOLUTIONS FOR POLICIES ON
PREPAREDNESS, PROTECTION, EARLY
WARNING, EMERGENCY RESPONSE, AND
RECOVERY