Once again, 2013’s disasters demonstrated that it usually takes multiple disasters before the stricken nation decides to become disaster resilient. Presentation courtesy of Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction

1. TEMPORARY MEDICAL FACILITY
FOR TREATING INJURIES

2. REMEMBERING SOME OF
THE LSSONS FROM 2013’S
DISASTERS
PART 1: EARTHQUAKE
EXAMPLES

3. ONCE AGAIN, 2013’S DISASTERS
DEMONSTRATED THAT IT
USUALLY TAKES MULTIPLE
DISASTERS BEFORE THE
STRICKEN NATION DECIDES TO
BECOME DISASTER RESILIENT
MOST OTHER NATIONS USUALLY
DON’T CHANGE A SINGLE POLICY

4. FAULTY PREMISE:
ONE DISASTER ANYWHERE
SHOULD BE ENOUGH TO MAKE
ANY NATION ADOPT AND
IMPLEMENT POLICIES THAT WILL
LEAD TO THEIR OWN DISASTER
RESILIENCE

5. RECENT DEADLY EARTHQUAKES
IN WESTERN CHINA
• SICHUAN PROVINCE--APRIL 2010: At
least 196 people dead.
• QINGHA PROVINCE– 2010: A M6.9
earth-quake killed 2,700 people
• SICHUAN PROVINCE– A M7.9
earthquake in May 2008: 88,000 dead
and 56 million buildings damaged

7. LOCATION OF JULY 22
QUAKES

8. TWIN EARTHQUAKES HIT
WESTERN CHINA ON JULY
22, 2013
94 Deaths Despite Being ModerateMagnitude Events

9. The first temblor struck at 7:45
am; Together they killed 94,
injured 1,000, and caused collapse
or severe damage to 127,000
homes.
LESSON: Ground Shaking will Damage
or Destroy Unprotected Buildings
(i.e., no building code or an inadequate
building code invites a disaster)

10. MAGNITUDES:
5.9 and 5.6,
BUT WITH SHALOW DEPTHS
LESSON: A Shallow Depth of
Focus Will Exacerbate the Damage
From Ground Shaking in any
Earthquake

11. TYPICAL DAMAGE

12. Chinese President Xi
Jinping called for an “allout” rescue effort and made
saving lives the top priority

13. Officials dispatched
thousands of police,
firefighters, soldiers and
government officials to
search for survivors in an
effort to keep loss of life as
low as possible.

14. EMERGENCY RESPONSE

15. Rescue efforts were hampered by
landslides and roads which had
already been closed as the result of
heavy rain.
LESSON: Expect all Kinds of Things to
go Wrong During the Emergency
Response Period When Timing is
Critically Important .

16. TEMPORARY MEDICAL FACILITY
FOR TREATING INJURIES

17. EMERGENCY MEDICAL

18. THE CHALLENGES
FACING MANY NATIONS
Preparedness
Adoption and Implementation of a Modern
Building Code and Lifeline Standards
Reassuring the People of Their Safety
Timely Emergency Response
Cost-Effective Recovery

19. WAYS TO ACCELERATE PROGRESS
WAYS TO ACCELERATE PROGRESS
TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE
EXPERIENCES WITH
PREPAREDNESS
EXPERIENCES WITH
MONITORING AND WARNING
INTEGRATE GLOBAL
INTEGRATE GLOBAL
EXPERIENCES WITH YOUR
EXPERIENCES WITH YOUR
EXPERIENCES
EXPERIENCES
EXPERIENCES WITH
DISASTER SCENARIO
PLANNING
EXPERIENCES WITH
RECOVERY AND
RECONSTRUCTION
EXPERIENCES WITH
PREVENTION, MITIGATION,
AND ADAPTATION

20. THE CHALLENGE:
POLICY CHANGES: CREATE, ADJUST, AND
REALIGN PROGRAMS, PARTNERS AND
PEOPLE UNTIL YOU HAVE CREATED THE
KINDS OF TURNING POINTS NEEDED FOR
MOVING TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE
RESILIENCE

21. EARTHQUAKE RISK
• QUAKE HAZARDS
•INVENTORY
•VULNERABILITY
•LOCATION
DATA BASES
AND INFORMATION
ACCEPTABLE RISK
RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
QUAKE DISASTER
RESILIENCE
COMMUNITIES
POLICY OPTIONS
HAZARDS:
GROUND SHAKING
GROUND FAILURE
SURFACE FAULTING
TECTONIC DEFORMATION
TSUNAMI RUN UP
AFTERSHOCKS
•PREPAREDNESS
•PROTECTION
•FORECASTS/SCENARIOS
•EMERGENCY RESPONSE
•RECOVERY and
RECONSTRUCTION

22. CREATING TURNING POINTS FOR
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE IN
ANY COUNTRY
 USING EDUCATIONAL SURGES CONTAINING
THE PAST AND PRESENT LESSONS TO FOSTER
AND ACCELERATE THE CREATION OF TURNING
POINTS

23. 2014--2020 IS A GOOD TIME
FOR A GLOBAL SURGE IN
EDUCATIONAL, TECHNICAL,
HEALTH CARE, AND POLITICAL
CAPACITY BUILDING
IN ALL FIVE PILLARS OF
COMMUNITY
DISASTER RESILIENCE

24. CREATING TURNING POINTS FOR
EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE IN
ANY COUNTRY
INTEGRATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL
SOLUTIONS WITH POLITICAL SOLUTIONS FOR
POLICIES ON PREPAREDNESS, PROTECTION,
EMERGENCY RESPONSE, AND RECOVERY

25. CAUSES OF
CAUSES OF
DAMAGE
DAMAGE
INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO
HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING
SOIL AMPLIFICATION
PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT
(SURFACE FAULTING & GROUND
FAILURE)
EARTHQUAKES
EARTHQUAKES
“DISASTER
“DISASTER
LABORATORIES”
LABORATORIES”
IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION
AND PLAN
FIRE FOLLOWING RUPTURE OF
UTILITIES
LACK OF DETAILING AND
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
INATTENTION TO
NONSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

27. INTEGRATION OF TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL
INTEGRATION OF TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL
CONSIDERATIONS
CONSIDERATIONS
OPPORTUNITIES FOR TURNING POINTS: For Disaster Resilience on
OPPORTUNITIES FOR TURNING POINTS: For Disaster Resilience on
local, regional, national, and global scales
local, regional, national, and global scales
THE KNOWLEDGE BASE
Real and Near- Real Time Monitoring
Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk
Characterization
Best Practices for Mitigation
Adaptation and Monitoring
Situation Data Bases
Cause & Effect Relationships
Anticipatory Actions for all Events and
Situations
Interfaces with all Real- and Near RealTime Sources
Gateways to a Deeper Understanding
APPLICATIONS
Relocation/Rerouting of
Cities and City Lifelines
Create a Seismic Zonation
Construct (A Policy Tool)
EDUCATIONAL SURGES
Enlighten Communities on Their
Risks
Build Strategic Equity Through Disaster Scenarios
Implement Modern Codes
and Lifeline Standards
Involve Partners in Turning
Point Experimemts
Introduce New
Technologies
Multiply Capability by
International Twinning
Move Towards A Disaster
Intelligent Community
Update Knowledge Bases After
Each Disaster