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Ecosystems, 4th year of Primary education
- 2. It’s a combination between a habitat and its community of living things. ECOSYSTEMS Elements Population Habitat It’s the place where living things live. They have different characteristics: light, water, temperature and the type of soil. Community It’s the living things of the same species that live in the same habitat. It’s all the populations that live in the same habitat. Moss population The River is the habitat for: Snake population Frog population Different types of ecosystems Aquatic ecosystems Terrestrial ecosystems Mediterranean forests Deserts Rainforests Food chain The river community North and South poles Fresh water ecosystems Salt water ecosystems
- 3. Terrestrial ecosystems Mediterranean forests Deserts Temperatures are mild. It doesn’t rain a lot. There are many plants and animals. They are very hot and dry during the day and very cold at night. It barely rains. There aren’t many plants or animals. Rainforests They are hot and wet. It rains a lot. Almost all the animals and plants live there. They are very cold. North and South poles It snows a everywhere. lot. There’s ice The animals are adapted to low temperatures.
- 4. Aquatic ecosystems river Fresh water ecosystems They are rivers, ponds or lakes. You can find animals, such as frogs, fish or snakes. And plants like moss, ferns or willow trees. pond Salt water ecosystems They are seas or oceans. You can find animals, such as dolphins, starfish or octopus. And plants like algae or seaweeds. ocean
- 5. Food chain Producers Living things eat and are eaten. They need each other to obtain nutrients. It’s made up of at least one producer, one consumer and one decomposer. They’re living things that produce their own food. Algae Willow tree Consumers They’re living things that eat other living things. Some eat plants (herbivores); others eat other animals (carnivores); and the last ones eat plants and animals (omnivores). Deer Frog Decomposers They’re living things that turn into nutrients the remains of living things that have died. Amanita Mushroom
- 6. Food chain The grass uses sunlight to transform water, minerals and carbon dioxide into food. Fungi turns into nutrient the remains of the lion when it dies. Decomposers Producer The lion eats the antelope (carnivore). Consumers The antelope eats the grass (herbivore). Consumers
- 7. How are ecosystems damaged? Forest fires. Air pollution. Water pollution. Housing developments. Caring for ecosystems Fire prevention. Controlling housing developments. Making laws against dumping rubbish and chemical waste. Helping damaged recover. ecosystems to