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“First-class functions are a natural fit with OO, as evidenced by their presence in OO languages that aren't glorified PDP-11 assemblers with some OO stuff bolted on their side.” - Reg Braithwaite
Hva er en lambda?
En anonym funksjon definert med en konsis syntaks.
Hva er en anonym funksjon?
En funksjon som defineres og kan kalles uten å bli bundet til noe navn.
Har du et eksempel?
x, y => x + y;
Hvor kan lambdaer brukes?
Der man venter en delegate-instans.
varadd = x, y => x + y; ?
Nei.
Hvorfor ikke?
C#-kompilatoren skjønner ikke hva slags type x og y har.
Hvordan kan lambdaer brukes da?
delegateint Lambda(int x, int y); … Lambda add = x, y => x + y; … add(2, 5);
Må man definere slike delegates?
Nei.
Hva er Func, Predicate og Action?
Innebygde delegate-typer.
Func<int, int, int> add 	= x, y => x + y; … add(2, 5);
Func<string, string, string> add 	= x, y => x + y; … string msg = add(“Hello”, “World”); Console.WriteLine(msg);
Predicate<string> tenChars 	= s => s.Length() == 10; … if (tenChars(myStr)) { … }
Action<Exception> log = e => { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); throw e; } … catch (Exception e) { log(e); }
Hvorfor lambdas?
Bruk-og-kast-funksjoner!
Hva er en closure?
En førsteklasses funksjon som er lukket med hensyn på sine frie variable.
Unnskyld?
En førsteklasses funksjon  + dens omgivelse i kjøretid.
Hva er en closure?
void AddToLines(List<string> lines) {    Action<string> add =  s => lines.add(s);   for (var node in _graph.Nodes)    {       add(node.ToString());    } }
Hva er en førsteklasses funksjon?
En som kan behandles som data.
Er lambda og closure det samme?
Nei.
Hva er forskjellen?
En lambda er en anonym funksjon definert med en konsis syntaks. En closure er en førsteklasses funksjon som er lukket med hensyn på sine frie variable.
Det har du sagt før.
En closure oppstår ved evalueringen av en lambda.
Hvorfor closures?
Funksjoner som data.
Hvordan er closures implementert?
Som funksjonsobjekter.
Hvordan er lambdas implementert?
Ved hjelp av closures!
Hva kan man bruke dette til?
Event-håndtering.
var msg = “You clicked me!”; button.Click +=  s, e => MessageBox.Show(msg);
Strategy-pattern.
List<Person> people = …; people.Sort((x, y) => {    if (x.Age > y.Age) return 1;    if (x.Age < y.Age) return -1;    return x.Name.CompareTo(y.Name); }); people.ForEach(p => Console.WriteLine(p));
Funksjoner av høyere orden.
IEnumerable<Person> people = …; int limit = 18; if (people.All<Person>(p => p.Age >= limit))  { MessageBox.Show(”Bring outthebeer!”); }
LINQ.
from p in people where p.Age > 18 select p.Name;
people    .Where<Person>(p => p.Age > 18)    .Select<Person, string>(p => p.Name);
Hva nå?
Til kamp mot løkkene!
Og hvis jeg er ordentlig sprø?
Les om Y-kombinatoren.
Lyntale om lambda

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Lyntale om lambda