In this work, we aim to utilise the concept of citizen sensors but also introduce the theory of citizen actuation. Citizen sensors observe, report, and collect data – we propose by supporting these citizen sensors with methods to affect their surroundings we enable them to become citizen actuators. We outline a use case for citizen actuation in the Energy Management domain, propose an architecture (a Cyber-Physical Social System) built on previous work in Energy Management with Twitter integration, use of Complex Event Processing (CEP), and perform an experiment to test this theory. We motivate the need for citizen actuation in Building Management Systems due to the high cost of actuation systems. We define the concept of citizen actuation and outline an experiment that shows a reduction in average energy usage of 24%. The experiment supports the concept of citizen actuation to improve energy usage within the experimental environment and we discuss future research directions in this area.

1. © Copyright 2011 Digital Enterprise Research Institute. All rights reserved.
Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
Citizen Actuation For
Lightweight Energy Management
Edward Curry
Citizen Actuation For
Lightweight Energy Management
Edward Curry
Dagstuhl Seminar 13402
Physical-Cyber-Social Computing

2. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
Legacy Building -> Smart Building
n DERI Building
¨ No BMS or BEMS
¨ 160 person Office space
¨ Café
¨ Data centre
¨ 3 Kitchens
¨ 80 person Conference
room
¨ 4 Meeting rooms
¨ Computing museum
¨ Sensor Lab
2

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Enabling networked knowledge
Sensors
3 of 26

4. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
4
Building
Data Center
Office IT
Logistics
Corporate
Organisation-level
Business Process Personal-level
Linked
dataspace
for
Energy
Intelligence
Linked dataspace for Energy
Intelligence

5. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
Linked dataspace for Energy
Intelligence
Applications
Energy Analysis
Model
Complex Events
Situation Awareness
Apps
Energy and
Sustainability Dashboards
Decision Support
Systems
LinkedData
Support
Services
Entity
Management
Service
Data
Catalog
Complex Event
Processing
Engine
Provenance Search &
Query
Sources
Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter Adapter
n Interlinked Cloud of Energy
Data
n Linked Sensor Middleware
n Resource Description
Framework (RDF)
n Semantic Sensor Network
Ontology (SSN)
n CoAP = Constrained Application
Protocol
n Semantic Event Processing
n Natural Language Interface
n Collaborative Data Mgmt.
n Energy Saving Applications
n Energy Awareness

6. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
Enterprise Energy
Observatory
Smart Buildings Green Cloud
Computing
Office IT Energy Mgmt. Personal Energy Mgmt.
Energy Saving Applications

7. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
Citizen Actuators
Citizen actuation - the activation of a
human being as the mechanism by
which a control system acts upon the
environment.
Crowley, D., Curry, E., & Breslin, J. (2013). Closing the Loop - From Citizen
Sensing to Citizen Actuation. In 7th IEEE International Conference on Digital
Ecosystems and Technologies (IEEE DEST 2013)

8. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
Step 1: Detect patterns of high/unusual
energy usage
¨ Light turned on in rooms at night
¨ High energy use in meeting rooms
without booking
Closing the Loop - From Citizen
Sensing to Citizen Actuation
Step 2: Tweet building occupants to check
situation and take action
¨ Turn off lights, heat, devices, etc.
“Hi @username could you check if lights/air-con
were left on in the 1st Floor North Wing please?
And turn them off if possible. Thanks”

9. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
Smart Building Energy Management
23.86%
Energy
Savings

10. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
Future Work
n Gamification
¨ Addition of game elements to add extrinsic motivation
n Intelligent Task Routing to Humans
¨ Who is available and motivated?
n Smart Cities
¨ From micro to macro use cases

11. Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie
Enabling networked knowledge
Selected References
n Crowley, D., Curry, E., & Breslin, J. (2013). Closing the Loop - From Citizen
Sensing to Citizen Actuation. In 7th IEEE International Conference on
Digital Ecosystems and Technologies (IEEE DEST 2013)
n ul Hassan, U., O’Riain, S., & Curry, E. (2013). SLUA: Towards Semantic
Linking of Users with Actions in Crowdsourcing. In International Workshop
on Crowdsourcing the Semantic Web
n ul Hassan, U., & Curry, E. (2013). A Capability Requirements Approach for
Predicting Worker Performance in Crowdsourcing. In 9th IEEE International
Conference on Collaborative Computing: Networking, Applications and
Worksharing (CollaborateCom 2013)
n Curry, E., et al . (2011). An Entity-Centric Approach To Green Information
Systems. 19th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2011).
n Curry E. et al, Enterprise Energy Management using a Linked dataspace for
Energy Intelligence. In: The Second IFIP Conference on Sustainable Internet
and ICT for Sustainability (SustainIT) 2012