2. Chi Square Test for Independence
• Used when we wish to determine whether
two variables of classification are related or
dependent of one another.
• Contingency Table: an arrangement of data in
a 2-way classification through rows and
columns
3. Validate Conditions
• Sampling method is a simple random sample
• Population size is at least ten times larger than
its sample size
• Variables are qualitative
• Expected frequency for each cell of the table is
at least 5
4. Setting up the test
Expected frequency= row total * column total
table total
We then use :
Degree of Freedom= (# of rows – 1) * ( # of columns -1)
Null Hypothesis: always assumes that the two ways of classifying
the data are independent
*It is always a one-tail test
** see tutorial for use of calculator
