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Future Cities - Smart Transportation Research Summary
1.
Future Cities –
Smart Transportation Research Dr. Atif Manzoor Distributed Systems Group Trinity College Dublin Public Transport Data Event 06 Dec 2012 Lero© 2012
2.
Agenda • Future cities –
Challenges – Research @ DSG • Smart transportation – Challenges – Research @ DSG Lero© 2012
3.
Urban population growth 180,000
people move to cities every day By 2050, ~75% of population will live in cities Lero© 2012
4.
Urban sprawl Negative impact
on traffic CO2 emissions Negative impact on cost of public services Lero© 2012
5.
Increasing energy demand Increase
across all sectors: transport; industry; residential; services Lero© 2012
6.
Increasing elderly population In 2000,
6.9% of world’s population 65+ By 2050, 15.6% of world’s population 65+ Lero© 2012
7.
Future cities research
@ DSG Sensing Communications Intelligence Improved Services Lero© 2012
8.
Research Areas • Smart
infrastructure: management of urban-scale critical infrastructure (USCI) – autonomic management techniques modelled as self-organising multi-agent systems that exploit model-free learning algorithms to associate meaning and actions with available sensor data • Smart transportation: improving the reliability and safety of road transportation – advanced urban traffic control and highway management systems • Smart urban-scale sensing: middleware and communications architectures to allow data from both public and user-contributed sensors to be exploited by smart cities – wireless sensor networks, vehicular sensor networks, and participatory sensing • Smart services: middleware for adaptable software services – run-time statistical timing analysis, timely reconfiguration; multi-layer Lero© 2012
9.
Agenda • Future cities –
Challenges – Research @ DSG • Smart transportation – Challenges – Research @ DSG Lero© 2012
10.
Modern Society? Lero© 2012
11.
Air pollution Premature deaths
increase ~150 per million (in 2000) to ~390 per million (in 2030) Lero© 2012
12.
Air Pollution Deaths Premature
deaths from PM10 air pollution for 2000 and 2030 (cases per million inh) 1,000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 World Rest of the World South Asia (including India) China Russia Brazil Asia North America Europe Pacific 2000 2030 OECD Source: OECD, 2008 Lero© 2012
13.
Cost of congestion In
2007, congestion induced economic losses in Dublin were 4.1% of GDP Lero© 2012
14.
Cost of Congestion Average
time (hours) wasted in congestion every year 74 71 64 57 50 44 37 49 19 45 28 25 21 20 47 43 38 35 37 27 45 54 27 35 30 23 35 42 33 38 20 Source: Time Magazine, Texas Transportation Institute Lero© 2012
15.
Deaths in traffic In
2010, RTAs were no. 1 cause of death in 15-44 year-olds in the U.S. Lero© 2012
16.
Smart transportation Smart infrastructure Collaborating
smart vehicles Less congestion Saving time Lero© 2012 Fewer crashes Increased safety Reduced pollution Green transport
17.
Smart Infrastructure • Urban
scale critical infrastructure modelled as multi-agent systems – Traffic-light controllers on a junction modelled as an intelligent agent • Learn suitable actions through interaction with environment • Suitable for dynamic operating environments – Urban traffic control system modelled as multi-agent systems • Use of multi-agent cooperation to manage dependencies between agents to improve overall system performance – Self-organizing • Global behaviours arise from local actions and interactions • No central control or global system view – Multiple performance goals/policies Lero© 2012
18.
Collaborating Smart Vehicles Lero© 2012
19.
Challenges • Dynamic environment –
High speed movements – Unmanaged – Unpredictable • Real-time requirements • Unreliable communication Lero© 2012
20.
Thank you Lero© 2012
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