The document discusses the early history of political parties in the United States, including the Federalists versus the Anti-Federalists and the Jeffersonian Republicans versus the Democrats. It then summarizes the major political parties from the 1800s to the 1960s, including the Democrats, Republicans, and key symbols and supporters for each party.

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2. The Early Rounds FEDERALISTS ANTI-FEDERALISTS What is the proper role of the government? Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson Strengthened national government Strong executive leadership Very limited role of the government created by the Constitution Congress should dominate the government

3. The Early Rounds FEDERALISTS ANTI-FEDERALISTS Who? Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson “the rich and well-born” Financial, manufacturing, and commercial interests Liberal/loose interpretation of the Constitution “the common man” Shopkeepers, laborers, and farmers Strict constructionists of the Constitution JEFFERSONIAN REPUBLICANS Or DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS

4. The Era of Democrats, 1800--1860 In 1828, they become the DEMOCRATS. Symbols : Jefferson, Andrew Jackson Who ? Small farmers, debtors, pioneers, and slave holders Regions of support : South and West Changes : Voting rights expand to all white males in this time Issues : banks, tariffs, and slavery 13 of 15 JEFFERSONIAN REPUBLICANS Or DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS

5. The Era of Republicans, 1860—1932 Symbol : Abraham Lincoln Who ? Former Whigs and anti-slavery Democrats… Business and finance, farmers, laborers, newly freed African-Americans 14 of 18 REPUBLICANS

6. The Return of the Democrats, 1932--1968 Symbol : FDR Who ? Southerners, small farmers, unions, big-city political machines, Jews, African-Americans, other minorities Changes : DEPRESSION; Government plays an increasing role in the social and economic aspects of America 7 of 9 DEMOCRATS

7. More party stuff

8. What is a political party? A political party is a group of persons joined together on the basis of common principles , who seek to control government in order to affect certain public policies and programs (this applies to all political parties); for the two major parties (Republicans and Democrats), this definition changes a little: common principles are less important and controlling government through the winning of elections serves as the central goal .

15. What other options are out there? STABILITY LACK OF CHOICE USA WOULD REPRESENT THE VOTERS BETTER INSTABILITY; very unstable alliances “hold” together MOST DEMOCRACIES OF EUROPE CONTROL NO CHOICE DICTATORSHIPS: CUBA Type Advantages Disadvantages Example Two party Multiparty One-party

16. Who can vote? No voting discrimination on the basis of race or color Women have the right to vote DC residents can vote No poll tax can be collected to qualify for voting Voting age lowered to 18 Amendment Year What it did… 15 th 1870 19 th 1920 23 rd 1961 24 th 1964 26 th 1971