Pedodontia

1. Oral Cavity Is Mirror Image Of Body
Dr Sunny Purohit
Department of Pedodontia
SDCH

2. Introduction
• It is an easily accessible window to the body
• The health status of our oral cavity can give us strong
indication of health of our bodies. It acts as an early warning
system.
• 1.Systemic diseases have oral manifestations.
• 2.Oral diseases can affect treatment for systemic disease.
• 3.Treatment for systemic disease can affect oral health.
• 4.Oral disease can increase risk for systemic disease.

4. Endocrinal Disease
Diabetes Mellitus
Thyroid Disorders
Cushing’s Disease
Addison’s Disease
Nutritional Deficiency

11. Congenital Syphilis
Early:
first 3 months of life, manifest as
snuffles nasal discharge purulent
• Oral lesions: high-arched palate, short
mandible, Hutchinson’s teeth, and
Moon’s or mulberry molars

48. Endocrine Diseases
1. Diabetes Mellitus
2. Thyroid Disorders
3. Cushing’s Disease
4. Addison’s Disease

49. Diabetes Mellitus
• Oral manifestations- variable &
nonspecific
• Fungal & bacterial infection
• Gingivitis, periodontitis, xerostomia,
glossodynia, taste change
• Rx: Control of DM
Antiobiotic/Antifungal
• Oral hygiene

50. Thyroid Diseases
• Hypothyroidism: Macroglossia
• Congenital Hypothyroidism: Macroglossia,
pronounced lips, & delayed tooth eruption with
malocclusion
• Hyperthyroidism:
Facial & skin manifestations: upper eyelid
retraction, exophthalmous, hyperpigmentation,
& skin erythema
Oral manifestations: early loss of primary teeth
with subsequent rapid eruption of permanent
teeth(young children)
)

51. Cushing’s Syndrome
• Long term, high dose corticosteroid
administration
• Moon or round face, buffalo humps,
central obesity, osteoporosis, DM, HTN
• Oral symptoms:
-Increased susceptibility to oral
infections (candidiasis)
-Muscle weakness difficulty with
speaking, & swallowing

52. Addison’s Disease
• Primary adrenal insufficiency
• Destruction of adrenal cortex eg.
autoimmune, metastasis, infection,
haemorrhage
• Oral manifestations: diffuse or patchy
pigmentation of the skin & mucous
membranes (due to increased ACTH-cross
reacts with melanin receptors)
• Buccal mucosa, palate, lips, & gingiva

53. Nutritional Deficiency
• Vitamins & trace elements
1. Inadequate intake
2. Impaired digestion & absorption

54. • Vitamin A deficiency:
-Dyskeratotic changes of the skin & mucous
membranes
-Angular cheilitis
-Defects in the dentin & enamel of developing
teeth
• Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) deficiency:
-Angular cheilitis
-Burning pain in the lips, mouth, & tongue
• Vitamin B3 (Niacin) deficiency (Pellagra):
-Dermatitis, dementia,& diarrhoea
-Oral manifestations: glossitis (red, swollen) &
stomatitis, burning tongue

55. • Vitamin B6 deficiency:
-Peripheral neuropathy
-Oral lesions-similar to pellagra
(i.e. glossitis & stomatitis)
• Vitamin C deficiency (Scurvy):
-Cofactor for collagen synthesis
-Weakened vessels are responsible for
petechiae, ecchymoses, delayed wound
healing
• Deficiency of Vitamin B12 & Folic acid:
-Megaloblastic anemia
-Oral findings: angular cheilitis, recurrent
aphthous ulcers, & glossitis

56. • Vitamin D deficiency & Calcium deficiency:
-Calcium metabolism
-Mandibular osteopenia/osteoporosis, enamel
hypoplasia
• Vitamin k deficiency:
-Haemorrhagic diathesis
-Oral haemorrhagic bullae
• Zinc deficiency:
-Taste changes
-Acrodermatitis Enteropathica: angular cheilitis, ulcers,
glossitis, crusting, scaling of the lips as well as ulcers,
erosions & fissures