SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 106
Baixar para ler offline
M-MODE ECHOCARDIOGRPHY
THE LOSS ART
M-MODE PHYSICS
B mode echoes from an interface that changes
position will be seen as echoes moving towards
and away from the transducer.
If a trace line is place on this interface and the
resulting trace is made to drift across the face of
a CRT screen a motion pattern is obtained.
M-MODE PHYSICS
The resulting display shows motion of a reflector
over distance and time – a distance time graph
The change in distance (dy) over a period of time
dt is represented by the slope of the reflector line
of motion.
dy/dt = slope = velocity
M-MODE PHYSICS
If this motion pattern is obtained on moving
cardiac structures then the resulting images
constitute M-mode echocardiography.
M-mode echocardiography is use to evaluate the
morphology of structures, movement and
velocity of cardiac valves and walls and timing of
cardiac events.
Distance
Time
M-mode Tracing
M-mode Evaluation
Amplitude
Velocity
Time intervals
Morphology
Amplitude = Y2 –Y1
Y1
Y2
Amplitude Measurement
Distance
Time
Time interval = T2 – T1
T2T1
Time Measurement
Distance
Time
dy = Y2 –Y1
Y1
Y2
Slope Measurement
T1 T2
dt = T2 – T1
Slope = dy/dt = velocity
M-mode at the Mitral Valve
The mitral valve has 2 leaflets – anterior and
posterior.
Specific letters corresponding to systole and
diastole are assigned to the m-mode tracing
of the mitral valve.
EKG Tracing
T-wave
QRS complex
P wave
Systole Diastole
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Phase of Cardiac Cycle Assigned Letters
Diastole d,e,f, and a
Systole c and d
M-mode at the Mitral Valve
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
d
c
a
f
e
d
Time
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
e
d Time
Distance
d-e amplitude
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Septum
e
Time
Distance
EPSS
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
e
d Time
Distance
d-e slope
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
f
e
Time
Distance
e-f slope
M-mode at Mitral Valve
M-mode at the Mitral Valve
Amplitude Description
Normal
Value
EPSS Measure e point to septal
separation
< 5 mm
d-e Measures the maximum
excusion of the mitral valve
following diastolic opening.
17 to 30 mm
M-mode at the Mitral Valve
Slope Description Normal Value
d-e Measure rate of initial
opening of the mitral valve
in early diastole.
240 to 380
mm/s
e-f Measures the rate of early
closure of the mitral valve
following diastolic
opening.
50 to 180 mm/s
M-mode Findings at the MV
B- bump on the AC shoulder
Premature Closure of the MV
Systolic anterior motion of the AMVL
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Mitral Regurgitation
M-mode Findings at the MV
Flail PMVL
Fluttering of the AMVL
Mitral Stenosis
LA myxoma
Vegetations
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
B-bump on the
AC shoulder.
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Premature Closure
Premature Closure- closure
on or before the onset of the
QRS complex.
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Systolic anterior motion
of the AMVL
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Systolic anterior motion
of the AMVL
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
MV prolapse
posterior leaflet
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
MV Prolapse –
both leaflet
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Flail posterior leaflet
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Aortic Regurgitation
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Sinus Rhythm
Mitral Stenosis
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Atrial Fibrillation
Mitral Stenosis
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Atrial Myxoma
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Vegetation
Distance
SystoleDiastole
Time
Mitral Regurgitation
Distance
SystoleDiastole
Time
Mitral Regurgitation
Distance
Systole
Mitral Regurgitation
Diastole
Time
Atrial Myxoma
Distance
SystoleDiastole
Time
Atrial Myxoma
Mitral Regurgitation
Distance
Systole
M-mode at Mitral Valve
Diastole
Time
Atrial Myxoma
Color M-mode
Color M-mode
Propagation Velocity, Vp
M- Mode
Aortic Valve
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
The aortic valve has 3 cusps – right coronary,
left coronary and non-coronary cusps.
The cusps imaged in the PLAX view are the
right coronary and the non-coronary cusps.
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Coronary cusp
Non-coronary cusp
Anterior aortic root
Posterior aortic root
Left Atrium
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
LA dimension
Cusp Separation
Aortic root
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
LA dimension
Cusp SeparationAortic root Measurements are made from
leading edge to leading edge.
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Dilated LA
Dilated aortic root
Decreased excursion
Premature opening
Premature closing
Exaggerated anterior motion of Aortic Root
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Reduced anterior motion of Aortic Root
Thickening
Calcification
Vegetations
Bicuspid valve
Prosthetic valve
Aortic Regurgitation
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Premature Opening
Opening of the AV before the
onset of the QRS complex
Seen in Elevated LV-EDP
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Premature Closure
Closure of the AV before
the onset of the T wave
Seen in IHSS
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Bicuspid Valve
Eccentric closure line
Seen when there is a
Bicuspid aortic valve
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Decreased Cusp Separation
Seen in Aortic Stenosis
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Seen in aortic sclerosis
Thickened, calcified aortic
valve leaflet.
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Seen in Mitral Stenosis
Reduced anterior
motion of aortic root
M-mode at the Aortic Valve
Exaggerated anterior
motion of aortic root
Seen in Mitral Regurgitation
Aortic
Regurgitation
Aortic
Regurgitation
Aortic
Regurgitation
M - Mode
Left Ventricle
M-mode at Left Ventricle
M-mode at Left Ventricle
Thickening of the IVS and LVPW
Movement of the IVS and LVPW
• RVWd
• RVIDd
M-mode Measurement
• IVSd
• IVS excursion
• IVSs
M-mode Measurement
• LVIDd
• LVIDd index
• LVIDs
• LVIDs index
M-mode Measurement
• LVPWd
• LVPW excursion
• LVPW max excursion velocity
• LVPWs
M-mode Measurement
M-mode at Left Ventricle
RVWT
M-mode at Left Ventricle
RVIDd
M-mode at Left Ventricle
IVSd
M-mode at Left Ventricle
LVIDd
M-mode at Left Ventricle
LVPWd
M-mode at Left Ventricle
IVS excursion
M-mode at Left Ventricle
IVSs
M-mode at Left Ventricle
LVIDs
M-mode at Left Ventricle
LVPWs
M-mode at Left Ventricle
LVPW excursion
M-mode at Left Ventricle
LVPW max velocity
= slope
M-mode at Left Ventricle
• FS
• EF
• LV mass
• RWT
M-mode LV Calculation
• % IVS thickening
• % LVPW thickening
• IVS/LVPW ratio
M-mode LV Calculation
M-mode LV Calculation
FS = LVIDd – LVIDs
LVIDd
M-mode LV Calculation
EF = LVIDd3
– LVIDs3
LVIDd3
M-mode LV Calculation
RWT = IVSd + LVPWd
LVIDd
M-mode LV Calculation
IVS % thickening = (IVSs – IVSd) x 100
IVSd
 
M-mode LV Calculation
LVPW % thickening = (LVPWs – LVPWd) x 100
LVPWd
 
M-mode LV Calculation
LV Mass = 1.04 {(LVIDd + IVSd + LVPWd)3
– (LVIDd)3
} x 0.8 + 0.6g
Increase LVW thickness
Increased Wall
Thickness
Symmetrical
Concentric
Hypertrophy
Asymmetrical
Infiltrative
Diseases
Concentric
Remodeling
Hypertrophic
Cardiomyopathy
Increased Wall ThicknessIncrease LVW thickness
LV Hypertrophy - Hypertension
Pressure Overload
Concentric LVH
Increase Wall thickness
Normal Mss
Increase Wall thickness
Increased Mass
Remodeling
Increase Wall thickness
Normal LV Mass Increased LV Mass
Measure LV Mass
Concentric Remodeling Concentric Hypertrophy
LV Hypertrophy - Hypertension
Increase Wall thickness
Increased LV Mass
Concentric Hypertrophy
LV Hypertrophy – Aortic Stenosis
Pressure Overload
LVH
Eccentric LV Hypertrophy
Increased LV size with
Spherical shape
Normal LV Mass Increased LV Mass
Measure LV Mass
No LV hypertrophy Eccentric Hypertrophy
Measurement
Assessment
Concentric
Hypertrophy
Concentric
Remodeling
Eccentric
Hypertrophy
Wall Thickness Increased Increased Normal
Relative Wall
Thickness
Increased Increased Normal - Decreased
LV Chamber size Normal Normal Increased
LV Chamber shape Elliptical Elliptical Spherical
LV mass Increased Normal Increased
LV Hypertrophy
Paradoxical Septal Motion
•RV hypertrophy
•RV dilatation
•LBBB
•Post Cardiac Surgery
Paradoxical Septal Motion
Ischemia
Ischemia
Normal Wall thickness
No systolic thickening
Reduced Motion
Post Infarct
Post Infarct
Thin echogenic wall
No systolic thickening
Reduced Motion
Pericardial Effusion
Pericardial Effusion
Infection
Postviral pericarditis
Bacterial
Tuberculosis
Pericardial Effusion
Malignant
Metastatic disease – lymphoma &
melanoma
Direct extension – lung and breast
Primary cardiac malignancy
Pericardial Effusion
Inflammatory
Post MI (Dressler’s Syndrome)
Uremia
Collagen vascular disease
Post cardiac surgery
Pericardial Effusion
Intracardiac-Pericardial communication
Blunt or penetrating chest trauma
Post catheter procedures
LV rupture (post MI)
Pericardial Thickening
Pericardial Thickening
Constrictive pericarditis
Occurs following
Surgery
Radiation therapy
Repeated episodes of pericarditis

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Echo views
Echo viewsEcho views
Echo viewsnmonty02
 
Echo assessment of lv systolic function and swma
Echo assessment of lv systolic function and swmaEcho assessment of lv systolic function and swma
Echo assessment of lv systolic function and swmaFuad Farooq
 
Shunt Detection And Quantification
Shunt Detection And QuantificationShunt Detection And Quantification
Shunt Detection And QuantificationDang Thanh Tuan
 
Echo assessment of cardiomyopathy pdf
Echo assessment of cardiomyopathy pdfEcho assessment of cardiomyopathy pdf
Echo assessment of cardiomyopathy pdfNizam Uddin
 
BMV,PTMC,BALLOON MITRAL VALVOTOMY, BAL, VIRBHAN BALAI, DR VIRBHAN
BMV,PTMC,BALLOON MITRAL VALVOTOMY, BAL, VIRBHAN BALAI, DR VIRBHANBMV,PTMC,BALLOON MITRAL VALVOTOMY, BAL, VIRBHAN BALAI, DR VIRBHAN
BMV,PTMC,BALLOON MITRAL VALVOTOMY, BAL, VIRBHAN BALAI, DR VIRBHANDr Virbhan Balai
 
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF MITRAL VALVE DISEASE -MITRAL REGURGITATION
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF MITRAL VALVE DISEASE -MITRAL REGURGITATIONECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF MITRAL VALVE DISEASE -MITRAL REGURGITATION
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF MITRAL VALVE DISEASE -MITRAL REGURGITATIONPraveen Nagula
 
Echocardiography assessment of Aortic Regurgitation severity
Echocardiography assessment of Aortic Regurgitation severityEchocardiography assessment of Aortic Regurgitation severity
Echocardiography assessment of Aortic Regurgitation severityPRAVEEN GUPTA
 
Electrophysiology study basics
Electrophysiology study basicsElectrophysiology study basics
Electrophysiology study basicsSatyam Rajvanshi
 
Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Interventions
Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve InterventionsPercutaneous Pulmonary Valve Interventions
Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve InterventionsPraveen Nagula
 
Echo assessment of aortic stenosis
Echo assessment of aortic stenosisEcho assessment of aortic stenosis
Echo assessment of aortic stenosisNizam Uddin
 
Asd echo assessment
Asd echo assessmentAsd echo assessment
Asd echo assessmentMashiul Alam
 
Angulated views in coronary angiography,an introductory lecture for cath lab ...
Angulated views in coronary angiography,an introductory lecture for cath lab ...Angulated views in coronary angiography,an introductory lecture for cath lab ...
Angulated views in coronary angiography,an introductory lecture for cath lab ...LPS Institute of Cardiology Kanpur UP India
 
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyEchocardiographic Evaluation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyHatem Soliman Aboumarie
 

Mais procurados (20)

Echo views
Echo viewsEcho views
Echo views
 
Left atrial function
Left atrial functionLeft atrial function
Left atrial function
 
Echo assessment of lv systolic function and swma
Echo assessment of lv systolic function and swmaEcho assessment of lv systolic function and swma
Echo assessment of lv systolic function and swma
 
Shunt Detection And Quantification
Shunt Detection And QuantificationShunt Detection And Quantification
Shunt Detection And Quantification
 
Echo assessment of cardiomyopathy pdf
Echo assessment of cardiomyopathy pdfEcho assessment of cardiomyopathy pdf
Echo assessment of cardiomyopathy pdf
 
M mode echo
M mode echoM mode echo
M mode echo
 
BMV,PTMC,BALLOON MITRAL VALVOTOMY, BAL, VIRBHAN BALAI, DR VIRBHAN
BMV,PTMC,BALLOON MITRAL VALVOTOMY, BAL, VIRBHAN BALAI, DR VIRBHANBMV,PTMC,BALLOON MITRAL VALVOTOMY, BAL, VIRBHAN BALAI, DR VIRBHAN
BMV,PTMC,BALLOON MITRAL VALVOTOMY, BAL, VIRBHAN BALAI, DR VIRBHAN
 
Normal variants of heart structures
Normal variants of heart structuresNormal variants of heart structures
Normal variants of heart structures
 
PTMC/PBMC
PTMC/PBMCPTMC/PBMC
PTMC/PBMC
 
TEE VIEWS
TEE VIEWSTEE VIEWS
TEE VIEWS
 
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF MITRAL VALVE DISEASE -MITRAL REGURGITATION
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF MITRAL VALVE DISEASE -MITRAL REGURGITATIONECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF MITRAL VALVE DISEASE -MITRAL REGURGITATION
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF MITRAL VALVE DISEASE -MITRAL REGURGITATION
 
Echocardiography assessment of Aortic Regurgitation severity
Echocardiography assessment of Aortic Regurgitation severityEchocardiography assessment of Aortic Regurgitation severity
Echocardiography assessment of Aortic Regurgitation severity
 
Echocardiography of CHD in Adults
Echocardiography of CHD in AdultsEchocardiography of CHD in Adults
Echocardiography of CHD in Adults
 
Electrophysiology study basics
Electrophysiology study basicsElectrophysiology study basics
Electrophysiology study basics
 
Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Interventions
Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve InterventionsPercutaneous Pulmonary Valve Interventions
Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Interventions
 
Echo assessment of aortic stenosis
Echo assessment of aortic stenosisEcho assessment of aortic stenosis
Echo assessment of aortic stenosis
 
Asd echo assessment
Asd echo assessmentAsd echo assessment
Asd echo assessment
 
Cath hemodynamics vir
Cath hemodynamics virCath hemodynamics vir
Cath hemodynamics vir
 
Angulated views in coronary angiography,an introductory lecture for cath lab ...
Angulated views in coronary angiography,an introductory lecture for cath lab ...Angulated views in coronary angiography,an introductory lecture for cath lab ...
Angulated views in coronary angiography,an introductory lecture for cath lab ...
 
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Hypertrophic CardiomyopathyEchocardiographic Evaluation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
 

Semelhante a M mode echocardiography

M mode echocardiography
M mode echocardiographyM mode echocardiography
M mode echocardiographykashif Anwer
 
Aortic valve assessment
Aortic valve assessmentAortic valve assessment
Aortic valve assessmentPraveen Neema
 
M-mode echo-1-1.pptx
M-mode echo-1-1.pptxM-mode echo-1-1.pptx
M-mode echo-1-1.pptxAnayaAnaya14
 
Echocardiography in mitral_stenosis
Echocardiography in mitral_stenosisEchocardiography in mitral_stenosis
Echocardiography in mitral_stenosisRaviraj Kadam
 
Echocardiography in TAVI patients 2014
Echocardiography in TAVI patients 2014Echocardiography in TAVI patients 2014
Echocardiography in TAVI patients 2014SMACC Conference
 
LEFT HEART CATHETERIZATION
LEFT HEART CATHETERIZATIONLEFT HEART CATHETERIZATION
LEFT HEART CATHETERIZATIONPraveen Nagula
 
Echocardiographic assesment of systolic and diastolic dysfunction
Echocardiographic assesment of systolic and diastolic dysfunctionEchocardiographic assesment of systolic and diastolic dysfunction
Echocardiographic assesment of systolic and diastolic dysfunctionMalleswara rao Dangeti
 
Echo assessment of Aortic Stenosis
Echo assessment of Aortic StenosisEcho assessment of Aortic Stenosis
Echo assessment of Aortic Stenosisdrranjithmp
 
Echocardiographic evaluation of Aortic stenosis
Echocardiographic evaluation of Aortic stenosisEchocardiographic evaluation of Aortic stenosis
Echocardiographic evaluation of Aortic stenosisAswin Rm
 
How to echo series....Aortic stenosis 2017 guidelines
How to echo series....Aortic stenosis 2017 guidelinesHow to echo series....Aortic stenosis 2017 guidelines
How to echo series....Aortic stenosis 2017 guidelinesVinayak Vadgaonkar
 
Canine Echocardiography -Dr Venkatesh S M.pptx
Canine Echocardiography -Dr Venkatesh S M.pptxCanine Echocardiography -Dr Venkatesh S M.pptx
Canine Echocardiography -Dr Venkatesh S M.pptxVenkateshSM2
 
EBook-Echocardiography-With-Simulations.pdf
EBook-Echocardiography-With-Simulations.pdfEBook-Echocardiography-With-Simulations.pdf
EBook-Echocardiography-With-Simulations.pdfAbdulWaheed898303
 
Assessment of diastolic function by echo
Assessment of diastolic function by echoAssessment of diastolic function by echo
Assessment of diastolic function by echoQuang Huy Phạm
 
Assessment of mitral valve by TEE
Assessment of mitral valve by TEEAssessment of mitral valve by TEE
Assessment of mitral valve by TEEjeetshitole
 

Semelhante a M mode echocardiography (20)

M mode echocardiography
M mode echocardiographyM mode echocardiography
M mode echocardiography
 
Aortic valve assessment
Aortic valve assessmentAortic valve assessment
Aortic valve assessment
 
M-mode echo-1-1.pptx
M-mode echo-1-1.pptxM-mode echo-1-1.pptx
M-mode echo-1-1.pptx
 
Echocardiography in mitral_stenosis
Echocardiography in mitral_stenosisEchocardiography in mitral_stenosis
Echocardiography in mitral_stenosis
 
Echocardiography in TAVI patients 2014
Echocardiography in TAVI patients 2014Echocardiography in TAVI patients 2014
Echocardiography in TAVI patients 2014
 
LEFT HEART CATHETERIZATION
LEFT HEART CATHETERIZATIONLEFT HEART CATHETERIZATION
LEFT HEART CATHETERIZATION
 
Echocardiographic assesment of systolic and diastolic dysfunction
Echocardiographic assesment of systolic and diastolic dysfunctionEchocardiographic assesment of systolic and diastolic dysfunction
Echocardiographic assesment of systolic and diastolic dysfunction
 
Echo assessment of Aortic Stenosis
Echo assessment of Aortic StenosisEcho assessment of Aortic Stenosis
Echo assessment of Aortic Stenosis
 
Echocardiographic evaluation of Aortic stenosis
Echocardiographic evaluation of Aortic stenosisEchocardiographic evaluation of Aortic stenosis
Echocardiographic evaluation of Aortic stenosis
 
TRANS ESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
TRANS ESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHYTRANS ESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
TRANS ESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
 
M mode lecture
M mode lectureM mode lecture
M mode lecture
 
How to echo series....Aortic stenosis 2017 guidelines
How to echo series....Aortic stenosis 2017 guidelinesHow to echo series....Aortic stenosis 2017 guidelines
How to echo series....Aortic stenosis 2017 guidelines
 
Echocardiography of Aortic stenosis
Echocardiography of Aortic stenosis Echocardiography of Aortic stenosis
Echocardiography of Aortic stenosis
 
Canine Echocardiography -Dr Venkatesh S M.pptx
Canine Echocardiography -Dr Venkatesh S M.pptxCanine Echocardiography -Dr Venkatesh S M.pptx
Canine Echocardiography -Dr Venkatesh S M.pptx
 
EBook-Echocardiography-With-Simulations.pdf
EBook-Echocardiography-With-Simulations.pdfEBook-Echocardiography-With-Simulations.pdf
EBook-Echocardiography-With-Simulations.pdf
 
Echo base optimization of crt therapy
Echo base optimization of crt therapyEcho base optimization of crt therapy
Echo base optimization of crt therapy
 
Aortic_Stenosis
Aortic_Stenosis Aortic_Stenosis
Aortic_Stenosis
 
Assessment of diastolic function by echo
Assessment of diastolic function by echoAssessment of diastolic function by echo
Assessment of diastolic function by echo
 
Assessment of mitral valve by TEE
Assessment of mitral valve by TEEAssessment of mitral valve by TEE
Assessment of mitral valve by TEE
 
Basics of echocardiograghy
Basics of echocardiograghyBasics of echocardiograghy
Basics of echocardiograghy
 

Mais de Fuad Farooq

Cardiology 2019 trial and meta analysis
Cardiology 2019 trial and meta analysisCardiology 2019 trial and meta analysis
Cardiology 2019 trial and meta analysisFuad Farooq
 
Heart failure / cardiac failure
Heart failure / cardiac failureHeart failure / cardiac failure
Heart failure / cardiac failureFuad Farooq
 
Eisenmenger syndrome
Eisenmenger syndromeEisenmenger syndrome
Eisenmenger syndromeFuad Farooq
 
Mechanism of arrythmias
Mechanism of arrythmiasMechanism of arrythmias
Mechanism of arrythmiasFuad Farooq
 
Electrocardiogaram - ECG EKG
Electrocardiogaram - ECG EKGElectrocardiogaram - ECG EKG
Electrocardiogaram - ECG EKGFuad Farooq
 
Angiographic projections
Angiographic projectionsAngiographic projections
Angiographic projectionsFuad Farooq
 
Intracardiac shunts
Intracardiac shuntsIntracardiac shunts
Intracardiac shuntsFuad Farooq
 
Precath preparation
Precath preparationPrecath preparation
Precath preparationFuad Farooq
 
Lesion complexity
Lesion complexityLesion complexity
Lesion complexityFuad Farooq
 
Coronary artery spasm
Coronary artery spasmCoronary artery spasm
Coronary artery spasmFuad Farooq
 
Coronary artery dissection and perforation
Coronary artery dissection and perforationCoronary artery dissection and perforation
Coronary artery dissection and perforationFuad Farooq
 
Cardiac cath complications
Cardiac cath complicationsCardiac cath complications
Cardiac cath complicationsFuad Farooq
 
Stress echocardiography
Stress echocardiographyStress echocardiography
Stress echocardiographyFuad Farooq
 
Infective endocarditis and heart masses
Infective endocarditis and heart massesInfective endocarditis and heart masses
Infective endocarditis and heart massesFuad Farooq
 
Diseases of the aorta
Diseases of the aortaDiseases of the aorta
Diseases of the aortaFuad Farooq
 
Finaale pulmonary stenosis
Finaale pulmonary stenosisFinaale pulmonary stenosis
Finaale pulmonary stenosisFuad Farooq
 
Tissue doppler imaging
Tissue doppler imagingTissue doppler imaging
Tissue doppler imagingFuad Farooq
 

Mais de Fuad Farooq (20)

Cardiology 2019 trial and meta analysis
Cardiology 2019 trial and meta analysisCardiology 2019 trial and meta analysis
Cardiology 2019 trial and meta analysis
 
Heart failure / cardiac failure
Heart failure / cardiac failureHeart failure / cardiac failure
Heart failure / cardiac failure
 
Hypertension
HypertensionHypertension
Hypertension
 
Eisenmenger syndrome
Eisenmenger syndromeEisenmenger syndrome
Eisenmenger syndrome
 
Mechanism of arrythmias
Mechanism of arrythmiasMechanism of arrythmias
Mechanism of arrythmias
 
Electrocardiogaram - ECG EKG
Electrocardiogaram - ECG EKGElectrocardiogaram - ECG EKG
Electrocardiogaram - ECG EKG
 
Angiographic projections
Angiographic projectionsAngiographic projections
Angiographic projections
 
Intracardiac shunts
Intracardiac shuntsIntracardiac shunts
Intracardiac shunts
 
Precath preparation
Precath preparationPrecath preparation
Precath preparation
 
Lesion complexity
Lesion complexityLesion complexity
Lesion complexity
 
Coronary artery spasm
Coronary artery spasmCoronary artery spasm
Coronary artery spasm
 
Coronary artery dissection and perforation
Coronary artery dissection and perforationCoronary artery dissection and perforation
Coronary artery dissection and perforation
 
Cardiac cath complications
Cardiac cath complicationsCardiac cath complications
Cardiac cath complications
 
Stress echocardiography
Stress echocardiographyStress echocardiography
Stress echocardiography
 
Infective endocarditis and heart masses
Infective endocarditis and heart massesInfective endocarditis and heart masses
Infective endocarditis and heart masses
 
Diseases of the aorta
Diseases of the aortaDiseases of the aorta
Diseases of the aorta
 
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosisAortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis
 
Finaale pulmonary stenosis
Finaale pulmonary stenosisFinaale pulmonary stenosis
Finaale pulmonary stenosis
 
Pisa ppt
Pisa pptPisa ppt
Pisa ppt
 
Tissue doppler imaging
Tissue doppler imagingTissue doppler imaging
Tissue doppler imaging
 

M mode echocardiography