Outlines the basics of descriptive statistics

1. Diversity in Datasets: (d) e constructing Descriptive Statistics and Data Visualization Douglas James Joubert National Institutes of Health Library

3. Before you Survey Consult with a Statistician Vital to your success Great way to collaborate

4. Analysis Always Follows Design Johnson (2005) Question Hypothesis Experimental Design Samples Data Analysis

5. Descriptive Statistics Location Spread (Dispersion) Shape of the Distribution Mean Mode Median SD Variance COV Skewness (+ or -) Kurtosis

7. Reducing Measurement Error Triangulate Different measures for same construct X2 X1

10. Hierarchy of Measurement Ratio Interval Ordinal Nominal Trochim (2001) Absolute Zero Distance is meaningful Characteristics can be ordered Classification is arbitrary

15. Categorical Frequency distributions A O B A AB AB A A B B O O O A B AB 16 Total 3 AB 4 O 4 B 5 A Frequency f Class

16. Ungrouped Frequency distributions 161 155 103 103 Birth weight data in (oz) 101 100 98 98 89 94 94 93 91 88 88 67 64 64 58 32

17. Ungrouped Frequency distributions … 1 93 1 91 2 88 1 67 2 64 1 58 1 32 Count (Frequency f) Birth weight

20. Grouped Frequency Distribution of CA patients *=(E2/ $E$ 8)*100, in Excel to force absolute reference 1.00 .1463 .1498 .2439 .2055 .2473 0.0696 rf* 287 245 202 132 73 2 cf 287 Total .9997 42 More .8534 43 40 – 50 .7036 70 30 – 40 .4597 59 20 – 30 .2542 71 10 – 20 .0696 2 0 – 10 crf Frequency Age

25. Simple Bar Chart Nominal data

27. Stacked Bar Chart

29. Histogram of Family Terms

30. Histogram Std Err Bars Normal Dist Fit

33. Pareto Chart SAS (1990)

34. 2-Way Comparative Pareto Chart SAS (1990)

38. Simple Scatterplot SAS (1989–2004)

41. Outlier Box Plot Possible Outliers IQR Largest value not an outlier Smallest value not an outlier 75th 25th 50 th (median)

42. Quantile Box Plot