SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 20
Baixar para ler offline
⌫   ⌫ ⌫


                                              ⌫                                                    ⌦

                                                                           ⌫               ⌫
              ⌫ ⌫                                                              ⌦       ⌫                         ⌦
          ⌫                   ⌦                           ⌫                        ⌦                    ⌫

                          ⌦
                    ⌫ ⌫                           ⌦           ⌫
                                                                                               ⌫                     ⌫



                                          ⌦           ⌫
                                      ⌫                                ⌦                               ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                        ⌫    ⌦
                                  ⌦
                                                                  ⌫⌦
⌫

                                                                                            ⌫
                      ⌦                                                                                                                                                         ⌫           ⌫                                 ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                ⌫       ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                        ⌦                                                 ⌫                                                                                     ⌦
                                                                                                                        ⌫ ⌦                   ⌦                                                                                                             ⌫ ⌫
        ⌫                                                                     ⌫ ⌫                                                                                                                                                                   ⌫

                                  ⌫                       ⌦               ⌫                                                                                                                                                             ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ⌫
                                                                                                                ⌫                     ⌫                                                             ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                        ⌫
                                              ⌫                                                                     ⌫         ⌫                                                                               ⌫
                                                                      ⌫
                  ⌫                       ⌦
                                                  ⌦                                                                                                   ⌫                                                                       ⌫
                                                                                                    ⌫                                             ⌫               ⌫       ⌫                                                                 ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                          ⌫                                     ⌫

⌦                                                                                                                                 ⌫                                       ⌫ ⌫
                              ⌫
                                                                                        ⌦                                                                                                                                           ⌦
                                                                                                            ⌫                                                                                                                                           ⌫
                                                      ⌫                                                                                                       ⌫

    ⌫                     ⌫                                                                                                                                                         ⌫
                                      ⌫                           ⌦                 ⌦                                                                                                                                                       ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ⌫
            ⌫ ⌫                                                                ⌦                ⌫                                                                                                                 ⌫
                                                                                                                                          ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                      ⌫
⌫                     ⌫                                                       ⌫


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ⌫
                  ⌦                   ⌫                                                                                     ⌦
                ⌫ ⌫
                          ⌫                                                                                           ⌫                                 ⌦                                                                                                                                               ⌦
                                                                         ⌫                            ⌦                                                                       ⌫
                                                                                                                                                ⌦
        ⌫                                                                                                                           ⌫                                                                                                                                   ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                            ⌦
                                              ⌦                                  ⌫ ⌫                              ⌫
⌫                                                                                                                                                                                     ⌦                                 ⌫
                      ⌫                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ⌫
                                                  ⌫ ⌫ ⌫                           ⌦                       ⌫
⌫ ⌫                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ⌫                                                           ⌫
                                                                                                  ⌫                                                           ⌫                   ⌫

                                                                                                                                                        ⌫ ⌫                                                                         ⌫                                                   ⌫   ⌦
                                                                                                                                                                                          ⌦                                                                                                                 ⌫
                                                                             ⌫                                                                                                                                                              ⌦                       ⌫
                                          ⌫              ⌫                                                                                          ⌫                                                 ⌫ ⌫                                       ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ⌫

                                                     ⌫                                                                          ⌫                                                                                                                               ⌫
        ⌫ ⌫                                                                                                                                                               ⌫                   ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ⌫
                                                                                                                      ⌫ ⌫
                              ⌫                              ⌦                        ⌦                                                                               ⌦                                                 ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                              ⌫                             ⌫                                                                                           ⌫                                           ⌫           ⌫
                                                                 ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                        ⌫                       ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                  ⌦
    ⌫                                                                                         ⌫                                                                                                                             ⌫
                                                                                                                                        ⌫                         ⌫
                                                                     ⌫                                                                                                                                          ⌫
⌫
                                ⌦                            ⌫                             ⌫ ⌫
                                                                         ⌦         ⌫                     ⌦           ⌫
       ⌫          ⌫                                              ⌦           ⌫ ⌫                                 ⌦       ⌫ ⌫
                                                 ⌫                   ⌫                           ⌫           ⌦                 ⌫
                            ⌫
              ⌫                      ⌦                                                               ⌫
                                                         ⌦                             ⌦
                        ⌫                ⌫           ⌫
                                             ⌫




Single gene disorders               Chromosome abnormalities
- Autosomal dominant                - Changes in number
- Autosomal recessive               - Changes in structure
- X-linked dominant                 - Uniparental disomy
- X-linked recessive                - Mosaicism
⌫       ⌫                               ⌫


                                                                                ⌫

                                                                                                                                                                                                ⌦               ⌦
                                                                ⌫                               ⌫                                                                           ⌫
                                        ⌦       ⌫                                                                                                                                                                   ⌦

                                                                                                                                                                                    ⌦                       ⌫
                                                                                                                ⌫ ⌫                                                                                 ⌫
                                                                                                    ⌫                                                               ⌦
                                                                                                                 ⌫
                                                                    ⌫

                                                                                                            ⌦                   ⌫                               ⌦

                                                                                    ⌫                                                               ⌫
                                                                                                                                                ⌦                       ⌫                   ⌫                           ⌫
                                                                        ⌦                                             ⌫
                ⌫                   ⌫



                                                                                                                                            ⌦               ⌫

                                                                                                                                    ⌫                                                   ⌦
                            ⌦                                               ⌫           ⌫
⌫                                                       ⌫
        ⌫                                                                                                                 ⌫ ⌫                           ⌫
                                                                                            ⌫
                                ⌦                                                                                     ⌫ ⌫
                                                    ⌫                                                                   ⌫                                                       ⌦
                        ⌦                                                                               ⌫                               ⌫                                                               ⌫

                    ⌦                                       ⌦
⌫                             ⌫                   ⌦




              ⌫                           ⌧                             ⌧                   ⌫

                          ⌦   ⌫                   ⌦                                                 ⌫
                                                                        ⌫
        ⌫ ⌫                                   ⌫                                     ⌧                   ⌫
⌫                                                               ⌦

                                                                            ⌫                               ⌫
                                                                                            ⌧
                  ⌫                                       ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                        ⌫

                                                                                ⌦
                                                                                                ⌫
                      ⌫               ⌦                             ⌦
⌫                   ⌫               ⌫



                                                                                ⌫   ⌫                                             ⌫
    ⌫                                                                                                 ⌫           ⌦


                                                    ⌦
            ⌫




                        ⌫
                                                        ⌫               ⌫
                                                                                            ⌫
                                ⌫               ⌫
⌫                                   ⌫




                ⌫
                                                                                        ⌫

                                                            ⌫
                    ⌫                   ⌫                           ⌫


                                                                            ⌫                             ⌫           ⌫       ⌫

                                                                ⌫                               ⌦ ⌫
                                                                                                  ⌫           ⌦           ⌫
⌫


                    ⌫

                                ⌫ ⌫



                                                        ⌫                   ⌦ ⌫
                                                            ⌫           ⌫
        ⌦                                                                                                         ⌫

                                                ⌫               ⌫
    ⌫

                        ⌫
⌫                               ⌫
            ⌦                               ⌫
                                        ⌫                                                                     ⌫
                                                    ⌫                                 ⌫               ⌫
                            ⌫
                                                                                                  ⌫
                                                                                          ⌫
                                                                                                          ⌫




                                                                    ⌦                         ⌫
                                    ⌫
                                                                                  ⌦
⌫           ⌫           ⌫

    ⌫




                            ⌧




                                    ⌧



        ⌧
                µ               µ




                    ☺
⌫

                ⌧


                                              ☺




                                      ⌧




                ⌫ ⌫                       ⌫

                      ⌦       ⌫
            ⌫                     ⌫


⌫       ⌫                 ⌫
⌫                  ⌫                                         ⌫



                                                                                                                               ⌦

                                                                                                                                           ⌫


                                                                                                                           ⌫

                                                                                                                                                     ⌫
                                                                                                ⌫                    ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                     ⌦                                 ⌫



                                                                             ⌫
                       ⌫                                                               ⌦
                           ⌫           ⌫                         ⌫                             ⌫ ⌫           ⌫
         ⌦ ⌫                       ⌫
    ⌫                          ⌫                                                                                                                   ⌫ ⌫

                                                                                 ⌫ ⌫
                                                   ⌫ ⌫                                         ⌫ ⌫       ⌫
                                                                                                                 ⌫

               ⌫ ⌫                         ⌦
                                               ⌦
                                                   ⌫
                                                                                           ⌫

                                                         ⌫               ⌫

               ⌫
        ⌫⌦
                                                                     ⌫                                                             ⌫           ⌫
⌫


                                                                                  ⌫                         ⌫ ⌫
                                                      ⌫ ⌫

                              ⌫                                       ⌫
                                                      ⌫                       ⌦                             ⌫                             ⌫
                          ⌦                               ⌫
                ⌫                     ⌫
                                              ⌫                                                 ⌫
⌫
            ⌫
        ⌦
                                                                  ⌦
    ⌫
                                          ⌦

                                                  ⌫                       ⌫           ⌫
                    ⌫ ⌫

                    ⌦                                                                                                                                               ⌫
                                                                                                                                                      ⌫         ⌫
                                                                                                                ⌫           ⌫
                                                                                                                                    ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                          ⌫ ⌫                                                             ⌫ ⌫
                                                              ⌫                                                     ⌦                         ⌫

                                                                                          ⌫ ⌫                                   ⌫
                                                                                                    ⌫
                                                                                                        ⌦                                         ⌫
                                  ⌫
⌫                               ⌫                   ⌫




                                                                                                                                                                      ⌦
                                                                                      ⌦
        ⌫                                                                                                                                                                 ⌦

                                                                                                                                      ⌫
                                                                          ⌦


                            ⌫       ⌫                                                             ⌦                     ⌫

                                                                                                                            ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                  ⌫                   ⌦
                    ⌦                                                                                     ⌫ ⌫       ⌫                         ⌫ ⌫
                                ⌫                           ⌫
                                                        ⌫                     ⌫
                                                                                                                                                ⌫                 ⌫
                ⌦                                                                                               ⌧


                                                                                                                                                                              ⌫
                                                ⌫                                                                                                           ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                                                                             ⌦
                                                                                                                                  ⌫       ⌫


                                                    ⌫                                         ⌫                                                     ⌫
⌫

                                                                                                                                                        ⌧
                                                                                          ⌫
    ⌫                   ⌫               ⌫
                            ⌧                                       ⌫ ⌫
⌫                                                           ⌫




                                                              ⌫ ⌫
                                                                            ⌦              ⌫
                                                                                                                                     ⌫
                                      ⌦
                                                      ⌫ ⌫ ⌧

                    ⌫

                                ⌫ ⌫
                            ⌧
                ⌦                                                                ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                   ⌫ ⌫
                                                  ⌫                                    ⌫                                     ⌫
                                                      ⌫                 ⌫                                          ⌫
                                                                                                    ⌫                                    ⌦
                                          ⌫
                                                                                                               ⌫
    ⌦
                                                                                ⌫ ⌫                                                          ⌫
⌫                                                                                              ⌫                       ⌫
                                                          ⌫                                                                                          ⌫
            ⌫           ⌦                                                                                ⌫ ⌫                     ⌫
                                                                                                          ⌫
                                                                                ⌫ ⌫

                                                                                                                                                 ⌫
                                              ⌦               ⌫
                                                                                                                       ⌫ ⌫
⌫                                       ⌫                                               ⌫

        ⌫
                                                                α                                                   α                                      α                    β




            ⌫                                                                                                                                             ⌫ ⌫


                                                β                                                                                                                                               ☯
β                                                                                                                                                                                                   ☯

                                                                                                                                                                                                        ☯

                                                                                                                                                                    ⌧


                                                ⌦                                   ⌫                           ⌫
                            ⌫                                                                                                                 ⌦                             ⌫               ⌫                         ⌫
                                                                                        ⌫                   ⌫                                                                                               ⌫ ⌫



                                                    ⌫                       ⌫
                                                                                ⌫                                                                                                                             ⌫
                                    ⌫                                                                   ⌦                                                       ⌫
                        ⌦                                                                                               ⌫                                                                                         ⌫
                                                                                                                                      ⌦
                                ⌫                                                                                           ⌫                                                       ⌫
                    ⌫                                           ⌫ ⌫                             ⌫                                                     ⌫             ⌫
                                                        ⌫                                                           ⌫
                                        ⌦                           ⌫                               ⌦                                     ⌫
                ⌫                                           ⌫                                                                                     ⌫                     ⌦               ⌫
                                                                        ⌫
⌫                                                                                                                               ⌫ ⌫
⌫
⌦ ⌫                                                                      ⌫       ⌫
            ⌦
                          ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
        ⌫                                            ⌦
                    ⌫ ⌫                                  ⌫
                           ⌫
                                       ⌦         ⌫
    ⌫
                                   ⌫       ⌫ ⌫
⌫                              ⌫                             ⌫




                ⌫

α


α


                                                                     ☺


                                                                             ⌧



β




β




β
⌫                                           ⌫                                                                        ⌫


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                   ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ⌫                               ⌫                                          ⌫

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ⌫                                                                                    ⌧
                                                            ⌫ ⌫                                                                                                          ⌫                                                                     ⌦                                   ⌫ ⌫                              ⌫
                                                        ⌫                        ⌫                                                                                                   ⌫                                                                                                                          ⌦
                                                                                                     ⌦                           ⌫
                                    ⌫                                                                        ⌫                           ⌫                                                             ⌫
                ⌫                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ⌫                   ⌫                   ⌫
                                                                                     ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                                                     ⌦                                                       ⌫                                                                                                 ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            ⌫ ⌫
                                                                             ⌫                               ⌫ ⌫                                                                                                       ⌫
                                        ⌫                                                    ⌫                                                       ⌫                                                                                                                                             ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                                                     ⌫                           ⌫                               ⌫
    ⌫       ⌫                                                                                                                                ⌫                                                                                                                                                            ⌫ ⌫
⌦                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ⌫
                                                             ⌫                                                                                                                                             ⌫
                                                ⌫                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ⌫
                                                                         ⌫           ⌫                           ⌦                                       ⌫                                                         ⌫
                            ⌫                                        ⌫                                                                                                                                         ⌫           ⌦
                                                                                         ⌫
                                                                                                                         ⌫                                       ⌫                                                                                 ⌫
                    ⌫                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ⌫
                                ⌦                                ⌫                                                                                                                                                                                                     ⌫

                        ⌫                                                                        ⌫                                                                           ⌦
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               ⌫                           ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
                                            ⌫                                                                                            ⌦ ⌦                 ⌫                           ⌫
                                                                                                                                                                     ⌫                                                                                                     ⌦
                                                                                                         ⌫                                                                                                             ⌫ ⌫                                                                               ⌫ ⌫
⌫
⌫                                                                                                                         ⌫ ⌫
                                                   ⌫ ⌫                            ⌫ ⌫ ⌫                                          ⌫
                                                                                                                                ⌦ ⌫
                                                                                  ⌫ ⌫
                                                                          ⌫                                                           ⌫
                                                                                                         ⌦ ⌫               ⌫
                                               ⌫                                        ⌫            ⌫
                 ⌫
                                                                 ⌫ ⌫

                     ⌫         ⌫ ⌫                          ⌫
                                                     ⌫

                                                                              ⌫
                         ⌫ ⌫                                                                                      ⌫   ⌫
                                          ⌦

                                         ⌫ ⌫                      ⌫
           ⌫ ⌫
                                                                ⌫ ⌫

       ⌫                             ⌫

    Deficient coagulation                     Incidence in general                          Chromosome invo
            factor                                 population
Fibrinogen                                               1:1 million                                   4
Prothrombin                                              1:2 million                                  11
Factor V                                                 1:1 million                                   1
Factor VII                                               1:500,000                                    13
Factor VIII                                               1:10,000                                    X
Factor IX                                                 1:60,000                                    X
Factor X                                                 1:1 million                                  13
Factor XI                                                1:1 million                                   4
Factor XIII                                              1:1 million                            6 ( subunit A )
                                                                                                1 ( subunit B )
⌫   ⌫                         ⌫


                                                                                                ⌫

                         ⌦                                                        ⌫ ⌫
                                  ⌫               ⌫                           ⌫
                                          ⌫               ⌫                                                 ⌫
                                              ⌫       ⌫                                                                               ⌫
                                                                                                                    ⌫
                        ⌫ ⌫                                           ⌫

                ⌫                                             ⌫                                                               ⌫
                                                                                                                        ⌫ ⌫
                                                                                        ⌫                                                     ⌫
                                                                                                                ⌫
                                                                                                                                          ⌫
                                                                                                        ⌫

                                                                                                    ⌫


            ⌫                                                             ⌫
                                      ⌦
                             ⌫ ⌫
                    ⌫

                                                                                            ⌧
        ⌧

                         ⌧                                        ⌫                                                               ⌧

                                                                                            ⌧


                                                                                                                                  ⌧
⌫
                                           Age of onset (years)
Café au lait patches                Birth-12                      >
Skin-fold freckling                 >3                            8
Lisch nodules                       >3                            >
Cutaneous neurofibromas             >7 ( usually late teens )     >
Plexiform neurofibromas:visible     Birth                         2
Deep-seated                         Birth>                        4
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath   5-75                          2
tumor
Scoliosis                           Birth-18
Scoliosis requiring surgery         Birth-18                      5
Pseudoarthrosis of the tibia        Birth-3                       2
Renal artery stenosis               Lifelong                      2
Phaeochromocytoma                   >10                           2
Cognitive impairment with IQ<70     Birth
Learning problems                   Birth                         3
Attention deficit hyperactivity     Birth                         3
disorder
Epilepsy                            Lifelong                      6
Optic pathway glioma                Birth-7 ( rarely up to 30 )
Cerebral glioma                     Lifelong                      2
Aqueduct stenosis                   Lifelong
Sphenoidwing dysplasia              Birth
Macrocephaly                        Birth                         4
Stature at 10th-25th percentile     Birth                         3

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados (15)

Gimp02
Gimp02Gimp02
Gimp02
 
Gimp07
Gimp07Gimp07
Gimp07
 
Prevalence Of Genetic Disorders 2
Prevalence Of Genetic Disorders 2Prevalence Of Genetic Disorders 2
Prevalence Of Genetic Disorders 2
 
Journal Club
Journal ClubJournal Club
Journal Club
 
Gimp15
Gimp15Gimp15
Gimp15
 
Gimp11
Gimp11Gimp11
Gimp11
 
Spot Diagnosis
Spot DiagnosisSpot Diagnosis
Spot Diagnosis
 
Gimp06
Gimp06Gimp06
Gimp06
 
Gimp04
Gimp04Gimp04
Gimp04
 
Gimp05
Gimp05Gimp05
Gimp05
 
คำนำ สารบัญ
คำนำ สารบัญคำนำ สารบัญ
คำนำ สารบัญ
 
Gimp14
Gimp14Gimp14
Gimp14
 
Gimp12
Gimp12Gimp12
Gimp12
 
rowanbucks2
rowanbucks2rowanbucks2
rowanbucks2
 
National Examinations 2010, QAAET, Bahrain,maths, grade 6, paper 2 Q
National Examinations 2010, QAAET, Bahrain,maths, grade 6, paper 2 QNational Examinations 2010, QAAET, Bahrain,maths, grade 6, paper 2 Q
National Examinations 2010, QAAET, Bahrain,maths, grade 6, paper 2 Q
 

Semelhante a Prevalence Of Genetic Disorders 1

Ekg Quiz
Ekg QuizEkg Quiz
Ekg Quizdotsiam
 
10 วัตต์ เครื่องขยายเอนกประสงค์
10 วัตต์ เครื่องขยายเอนกประสงค์10 วัตต์ เครื่องขยายเอนกประสงค์
10 วัตต์ เครื่องขยายเอนกประสงค์noosun
 
เครื่องขยาย 35 +35 วัตต์ ไอ.ซี.ไดร้ฟ
เครื่องขยาย 35 +35 วัตต์ ไอ.ซี.ไดร้ฟเครื่องขยาย 35 +35 วัตต์ ไอ.ซี.ไดร้ฟ
เครื่องขยาย 35 +35 วัตต์ ไอ.ซี.ไดร้ฟnoosun
 

Semelhante a Prevalence Of Genetic Disorders 1 (6)

Gimp11
Gimp11Gimp11
Gimp11
 
Ekg Quiz
Ekg QuizEkg Quiz
Ekg Quiz
 
Fishery Product
Fishery ProductFishery Product
Fishery Product
 
Mp wbs klebelack (anti dust)
Mp wbs  klebelack (anti dust)Mp wbs  klebelack (anti dust)
Mp wbs klebelack (anti dust)
 
10 วัตต์ เครื่องขยายเอนกประสงค์
10 วัตต์ เครื่องขยายเอนกประสงค์10 วัตต์ เครื่องขยายเอนกประสงค์
10 วัตต์ เครื่องขยายเอนกประสงค์
 
เครื่องขยาย 35 +35 วัตต์ ไอ.ซี.ไดร้ฟ
เครื่องขยาย 35 +35 วัตต์ ไอ.ซี.ไดร้ฟเครื่องขยาย 35 +35 วัตต์ ไอ.ซี.ไดร้ฟ
เครื่องขยาย 35 +35 วัตต์ ไอ.ซี.ไดร้ฟ
 

Prevalence Of Genetic Disorders 1

  • 1. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫⌦
  • 2. ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
  • 3. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
  • 4. ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ Single gene disorders Chromosome abnormalities - Autosomal dominant - Changes in number - Autosomal recessive - Changes in structure - X-linked dominant - Uniparental disomy - X-linked recessive - Mosaicism
  • 5. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦
  • 6. ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌧ ⌧ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌧ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌧ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦
  • 7. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫
  • 8. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦
  • 9. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌧ ⌧ ⌧ µ µ ☺
  • 10. ⌧ ☺ ⌧ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
  • 11. ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
  • 12. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫
  • 13. ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌧ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌧ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌧ ⌫ ⌫
  • 14. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌧ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌧ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
  • 15. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ α α α β ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ β ☯ β ☯ ☯ ⌧ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
  • 16. ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ α α ☺ ⌧ β β β
  • 17. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌧ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫
  • 18. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ Deficient coagulation Incidence in general Chromosome invo factor population Fibrinogen 1:1 million 4 Prothrombin 1:2 million 11 Factor V 1:1 million 1 Factor VII 1:500,000 13 Factor VIII 1:10,000 X Factor IX 1:60,000 X Factor X 1:1 million 13 Factor XI 1:1 million 4 Factor XIII 1:1 million 6 ( subunit A ) 1 ( subunit B )
  • 19. ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌦ ⌫ ⌫ ⌫ ⌧ ⌧ ⌧ ⌫ ⌧ ⌧ ⌧
  • 20. Age of onset (years) Café au lait patches Birth-12 > Skin-fold freckling >3 8 Lisch nodules >3 > Cutaneous neurofibromas >7 ( usually late teens ) > Plexiform neurofibromas:visible Birth 2 Deep-seated Birth> 4 Malignant peripheral nerve sheath 5-75 2 tumor Scoliosis Birth-18 Scoliosis requiring surgery Birth-18 5 Pseudoarthrosis of the tibia Birth-3 2 Renal artery stenosis Lifelong 2 Phaeochromocytoma >10 2 Cognitive impairment with IQ<70 Birth Learning problems Birth 3 Attention deficit hyperactivity Birth 3 disorder Epilepsy Lifelong 6 Optic pathway glioma Birth-7 ( rarely up to 30 ) Cerebral glioma Lifelong 2 Aqueduct stenosis Lifelong Sphenoidwing dysplasia Birth Macrocephaly Birth 4 Stature at 10th-25th percentile Birth 3