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Switzerland Analysis
- 1. Country Analysis :Switzerland Anil kumar Singh Arushi Divya Jain Mamta Singh Neelesh Pal Sushant Sharma
- 9. Swiss Educational System - Statistics
- 10. Statistics:Tertiary Education Education Level Total Men Women National Origin Swiss Foreign Universities 112309 57181 55128 87103 25206 Humanities and Social Sciences 41685 15028 26657 33909 7776 Economics 14233 9920 4313 9989 4244 Law 13247 6314 6933 11328 1919 Exact and Natural Sciences 18714 12043 6671 13238 5476 Medicine/ Pharmacy 10706 4193 6513 9157 1549 Engineering 10940 8163 2777 7238 3702 Interdisciplinary and others 2784 1520 1264 2244 540
- 12. The Swiss health care system
- 20. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN SWITZERLAND
- 31. Federal taxes Cantonal taxes Municipal taxes Individual income taxes Individual income and net wealth taxes Individual income and net wealth taxes Corporate income taxes Corporate income and net worth taxes Corporate income and net worth taxes Real estate capital gains taxes Real estate capital gains taxes Real estate taxes Real estate taxes Real estate transfer taxes Real estate transfer taxes Inheritance and gift taxes Inheritance and gift taxes Withholding tax on passive income Value added tax and Customs duties Motor vehicle taxes Trade taxes Stamp duties Military and civil service exemption tax Tobacco tax Beer tax Spirits tax Overview of the Swiss taxation system Switzerland is a confederation of 26 cantons with about 3000 municipalities. Taxes are levied not only by the Federation but also at the cantonal and municipal level.
- 47. The Swiss Stock Exchange(SWX), based in Zurich is the first stock exchange in the world to incorporate a fully automated trading, clearing and settlement system in 1995
- 52. PERFORMANCE
- 53. COMPARISON
- 63. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN SWITZERLAND
- 67. Source of the Counterfeit goods by Country Intervention by Groups of Goods
- 69. COMPETITION LAWS IN SWITZERLAND
- 72. Cases of breach in past few years
- 76. In Switzerland, 45% of the active population is occupied in the S&T area Human resources in Science and Technology
- 77. Research and Development Personnel In Switzerland, for every 1000 employees, 12 work in R&D and 6 as researchers. International comparison of R&D personnel and researchers (Per thousand jobs)
- 79. With 107 patents per million inhabitants, Switzerland is, after Japan, the most active OCDE country in this area. Patent Families
- 80. Technology Balance of Payments
- 81. Distribution of R&D-intensive industry coverage according to economic sector and country, international comparison
- 83. Administrative Barriers in Doing Business Economy Rankings - Ease of Doing Business : Rank#21 out of 183 economies Switzerland - Compared to global good practice economy as well as selected economies
- 84. Administrative Barriers in Doing Business Summary of Indicators
- 85. Administrative Barriers in Doing Business Economic Indicators Switzerland Germany United Kingdom Ease of Doing Business 21 25 5 Starting a Business 71 84 16 Construction permits 35 18 16 Registering Property 15 57 23 Employing Workers 16 158 35 Getting Credit 15 15 2 Protecting Investors 165 93 10 Paying Taxes 21 71 16 Trading across borders 39 14 16 Enforcing Contracts 29 7 23 Closing a Business 38 35 9
Notas do Editor
- 1. To maintain peace and order . Together with other aspects of the legal system, legally enforceable property rights help minimise physical violence – and the associated destruction of economic resources - aimed at securing the control of assets that are sources of economic rewards. This factor clearly applies to all types of property, ‘real’ or ‘intellectual’. 2. To assign decision rights . efficient allocation of resources cannot obtain unless someone (individual or collectivity) has the right to decide how economic assets are used. However, the consequences of this principle are rather different depending on whether it is applied to ‘real’ or to ‘intellectual’ property. This is because most forms or real property are seen as private goods while intellectual property is generally thought to a public good . Private goods are characterised by rivalry in usage, i.e. they cannot be used by more than one economic agent at the same time: we cannot both eat the same apple. Because of this, it is generally optimal to let a single agent decide how the good ought to be used. Public goods, on the other hand, are such that usage by one agent does not preclude usage by another: 3. To reward investment . This factor relates to dynamic efficiency. The idea is simply that no rational economic agent will incur the cost of investing in developing or maintaining property unless she his able to collect some corresponding reward. Hence, if sufficient investment is to be induced, investors must be given property rights over the fruits of their investment so that they can capture a significant proportion of the value that they create. Although this factor applies to all types of property, it is of special importance for assets whose development and/or maintenance require significant effort. 4. To favour the diffusion of information. Agents investing in assets might try to exploit them ‘secretly’, expending effort to prevent others from gaining information about the asset.