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Essentials of ECG Prof. Dr.  Ibrahim Mohammad Mukhtar Professor of  Internal Medicine Ain-Shams University Consultant of internal Medicine KKGH
What is t he electrocardiogram   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Basic Anatomy of the Heart ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Basic Anatomy of the Heart ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reasons to Have an ECG ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conduction System ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How ECG is done? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How ECG is recorded? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ECG paper Vertical axis   represents the amplitude  10mm = 1 mV Horizontal axis   represents time  1mm = 0.04 sec . –  5 mm = 0.2 sec. speed of ECG paper   is  25  mm / sec .
Why different shapes for the same beat?
Heart Rate & Rhythm HR:   No. of big squares /  300   or    No. of small squares /  1500 Rhythm:   reflected by  the equality  in the  distances  between the complexes .
ECG Waves P-Wave ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
  P-R interval   P-R interval:   The distance between beginning of P to the beginning of  R =  0.12 – 0.20 *
QRS Complex ,[object Object],[object Object]
R-Wave ,[object Object],[object Object]
S-Wave ,[object Object],[object Object]
S-T segment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
T-Wave ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Q-T interval ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
U wave ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Abnormal ECG’s Hypertrophy of the ventricles:   Increase in the amplitude of R- wave in V5-6 = Lt.VH – V1-2 =Rt.VH
Arrhythmias 1-  Inequality in the distances   between Complexes. 2-  Bizarre shaped   complexes in case of ventricular arrhythmias.
Myocardial Ischemia 1- S-T depression 2- T-wave inversion
Myocardial infarction 1- peaked  T- wave 2- Elevation of  S-T segment 3-  Q-wave
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Essentials Of Ecg

  • 1. Essentials of ECG Prof. Dr. Ibrahim Mohammad Mukhtar Professor of Internal Medicine Ain-Shams University Consultant of internal Medicine KKGH
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. ECG paper Vertical axis represents the amplitude 10mm = 1 mV Horizontal axis represents time 1mm = 0.04 sec . – 5 mm = 0.2 sec. speed of ECG paper is 25 mm / sec .
  • 10. Why different shapes for the same beat?
  • 11. Heart Rate & Rhythm HR: No. of big squares / 300 or No. of small squares / 1500 Rhythm: reflected by the equality in the distances between the complexes .
  • 12.
  • 13. P-R interval P-R interval: The distance between beginning of P to the beginning of R = 0.12 – 0.20 *
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. Abnormal ECG’s Hypertrophy of the ventricles: Increase in the amplitude of R- wave in V5-6 = Lt.VH – V1-2 =Rt.VH
  • 22. Arrhythmias 1- Inequality in the distances between Complexes. 2- Bizarre shaped complexes in case of ventricular arrhythmias.
  • 23. Myocardial Ischemia 1- S-T depression 2- T-wave inversion
  • 24. Myocardial infarction 1- peaked T- wave 2- Elevation of S-T segment 3- Q-wave