Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that impairs motor skills, speech, and other functions. It has various causes including idiopathic, drugs, toxins, viral infections, and head trauma. Clinical features include trembling, stiffness, slow movement, poor balance and coordination. Investigation may include serological tests and CT scans. Management involves treating any identifiable underlying causes, drug therapy with medications like L-dopa, carbidopa, and bromocriptine, or surgery like stereotactic thalamotomy. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation are also used.

1. INTERNAL MEDICINE

2. Parkinson's disease Def: Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that often impairs the sufferer's motor skills, speech, and other functions.

3. Parkinson's disease Causes: Idiopathic Drugs- reserpine, tetrabenazine Toxins- manganese, carbomonoxide Viral infection- post encephalitic condition Truma- repeated head injury Rarely neurosyphilis

4. Parkinson's disease Clinical feature: Trembling of hands, arms, legs, jaw and face Stiffness of the arms, legs and trunk Slowness of movement (bradykinesia) Poor balance and coordination

5. Parkinson's disease Investigation: Serological test for syphilis CT

6. Parkinson's disease Management: A)Any identifiable causes should be treated B)Drug therapy- Anticholinergic agent- Benzhexol 1-5 mg 8 hrly or Phenadrine 50-100 mg 8 hrly Selegiline 10 mg in morning L-dopa+carbidopa 4:1 Bromocriptine(Dopamine receptor agonist)

7. Parkinson's disease Management: C)Surgery- stereotaticthalamotomy D)Physiotherapy E)Rehabilitation