This document provides an overview of the anatomy of the abdominal region in 3 sentences or less per section. It begins with the bones, muscles and diaphragm of the abdominal wall. Next, it details the abdominal aorta and its branches, as well as the portal and inferior vena cava veins. The remainder of the document describes the gastrointestinal tract and associated organs section by section, including the esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, kidneys and more. Clinical cases are also mentioned. Diagrams and cross-sectional images supplement the textual descriptions.
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Selected Chapters from Cross-Sectional Anatomy of the Human Abdomen
1. „Selected Chapters from the
Cross-Sectional Anatomy
of the Human Body”
Abdominal anatomy
András Jakab MD, Levente István Lánczi MD
2.
3. Structure of the lecture -
abdomen
Bones and Muscles
Abdominal aorta and its branches; veins
The GIT – from esophagus to rectum
Intraabdominal organs (liver, spleen, kidneys,
pancreas)
Clinical cases
6. rectus abdominis external oblique
m. abdominal m.
linea alba intercostal mm.
The structure
of the external oblique
abdominal m.
abdominal wall
Internal
oblique
psoas major m. abdominal
m.
transverse
abdominal
m.
quadratus
lumborum m.
longissimus
thoracis m.
13. Abdominal aorta and its
branches
Parietal braches
(paired)
lumbal aa.
median sacral a.
Paired, visceral
branches
middle suprarenal a.
renal a.
testicular/ovarian a.
14. Impaired visceral branches of
abdominal aorta
Impaired visceral branches
celiac tr. T12 –L1
left gastric a.
splenic a.
short gastric aa.
left gastro-omental artery
common hepatic a.
gastroduodenal a.
right gastro-omental artery
proper hepatic a.
superior mesenteric a.
inferior pancreaticoduodenal a.
jejunal and ileal aa.
ileocolic a.
right colic a.
middle colic a.
Inferior mesenteric a.
left colic a.
sigmoid aa.
superior rectal a.
16. Left gastrica a.
Common hepatic a.
Gastroduodenal a.
Proper hepatic a.
Right gastric a.
Splenic a.
Right and left
Superior posterior
gastro-omental aa.
pancreaticoduodenal a.
17. Superior mesenteric artery
and its branches
Middle colic a.
Marginal artery of the colon
(Drummond)
Right colic a.
Ileocolic a.
cecal &
appendicular aa.
18. Inferior mesenteric artery
and its branches
Marginal artery of the
colon (Drummond)
Left colic a.
Sigmoid aa.
Superior rectal a.
19. Veins
Portal vein
Splenic v.
Superior mesenteric v.
Inferior mesenteric v.
Inferior vena cava
Hepatic vv.
Suprarenal v.
Renal vv.
Testicular/ovarian v.
27. The stomach
Anatomy
• cardia
• fundus
• body
• pylorus
Arteries (celiac tr.)
• Left gastric a. (tc)
• Right gastric a. (hc)
• Left gastro-omental a. (l)
• Right gastro-omental a. (gd)
• Short gastric aa. (l)
28. The stomach
Anatomical landmarks
cardia: Th11
pylorus: L1
fundus: gastric air sac
Neighbouring structures
liver, spleen, left
kidney, diaphargm, transver
se colon, pancreas
30. Duodenum
Anatomical landmarks
pylorus: L1
Descending part: L1-3
Neighbouring
structures
liver, gall bladder, right
kidney, transverse
colon, pancreas head
31. The pancreas
Anatomy parts
• head
– uncinate process
• body
• cauda
Ducts
• major pancreatic duct
• minor pancreatic duct
• Vater papilla
Arteries
• superior pancreatoduodenal a. (ct)
• inferior pancreatoduodenal a. (ms)
40. Parts of Colon
Left flexure of
Right flexure colon
of colon
Transverse
colon
Ascending Descending
colon colon
Cecum Sigmoid colon
appendix
vermiformis
Rectum
57. Macroscopic anatomy
of the liver
v. cava inferior
lobus caudatus
lig. coronarium
lig. venosum
v. portae
hepatis
a. hepatica
propria
vesica fellea
lobus hepatis sinister
lig. teres hepatis lobus lobus hepatis dexter
quadratus
58. Vessels of the liver
Proper hepatic a. Vena hepatica sinistra / dextra /
intermedia
v. portae
VCI
Choledochal duct
59. Segments of the liver
Couinaud
Caudate lobe: I.
Left lobe
lateral: II., III.
Right lobe
medial: IVa / IVb
inf.: IV-V-VI
sup.: VII – VIII - IX
66. Gall bladder and biliary ducts
Gall bladder Hepatic duct
(communis)
Cystic duct Common bile duct
(biliaris)
Pancreatic duct
Orifice of pancreatic
duct;
Major duodenal
papilla
67.
68. Spleen
Position: 8-11 rib;
left hypochondrium
Parts:
Diaphragmatic face
Gastric face
Renal face
Colic face
hilus lienalis
Vessels
Splenic a. & v.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73. Kidney
Parts:
hilus
sinus
pelvis ureter
Position:
Th12-L1-2
Right kidney: lower
Vessels:
Renal a. & v.
Adrenal glands:
Upper pole of the kidney, inside the
adiopose capsule
cortex, medulla