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Geodata use at the British Museum Enhancing archaeological records Daniel Pettdpett@britishmuseum.org
Portable Antiquities Scheme 17,900 contributors of data 640,000 objects recorded 400,000 geo-referenced find spots All available under CC NC-BY-SA Driving archaeological knowledge of rural areas Funded by DCMS Employ 56 people Deal with public discovery of archaeology Started in 1997 Costs £1.4mill per annum IT budget c.£5000
Recording: one chance ,[object Object]
 Dissemination online is swift, cheap, easy
 There is no other archaeological database of this size
 It is underused for research at present
 The data it contains can tell a thousand stories of our shared heritage,[object Object]
Most data is sourced from metal-detecting
GPS co-ordinates if possible
All objects recorded online
The Staffordshire Hoard
Frome (Somerset) Hoard
Crosby Garrett (Lancashire) Helmet
A more normal discovery
Objects referencing place:The Staffordshire Moorlands trulla This is a list of four forts located at the western end of Hadrian's Wall; Bowness (MAIS), Drumburgh (COGGABATA), Stanwix (UXELODUNUM) and Castlesteads (CAMMOGLANNA). it incorporates the name of an individual, AELIUS DRACO and a further place-name, RIGOREVALI.  http://www.finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/49791
Have you noticed a pattern? Big discoveries named after place… Place => sense of identity
Why is the spatial data so important? Without provenance: ,[object Object]
 Is it looted?
 Did the landowner give permission?
 Context has been lost, we don’t know the significance of the location of discovery.,[object Object]
All objects we have recorded 1997 – 2010 Topographical features drive discovery Landowners and regulations can prevent discovery Biases present in data collection eg. Staff illness, lack of car etc etc
Here be mountains Staff based here
Using YQL Reverse geocode for WOEID for each findspot against flickr.places Get flickrshapefile if exists for WOEID Obtain a co-ordinate for findspots where only place is known (lower weight for academic use though). Obtain elevation via the geonamesapi (for viewshed analysis – surprisingly good!) Find objects within bounding boxes Query for archaeology images on flickr
Problems  Hit rate limit quickly – now using Oauth calls to Yahoo apis Had to filter out places eg Copper Alloy, Tamil Nadu was constantly pulled out with Placemaker Took time to process 400,000 records for geodata
Display problems Public users can only see find spots at a resolution of 1km sq or 4 figure NGR Some find spots have to be hidden from public view completely – we give a place a pseudonym Maps make our finders and landowners jumpy Zoom level had to be reduced for public users WOEID can give away find location
Enhanced geo data via flickrshapefiles & Yahoo! geoplanet
This object only has a known place of discovery So Yahoo! does legwork and produces geodata
Integration of old OS Maps Layer provided by National Library of Scotland
Water Newton (Cambs) rally Roman town of Durobrivae
Re-use of OS and EH point data Both of these datasets came as CSV, now converted from grid refs to Lat/Lng and WOEID (and also elevation for centre point) if anyone wants them.
Data export All searches can be turned into KML/JSON/CSV/XML (however point data degraded to 1km square unless higher level user) Can be easily imported into Google maps for instance One example is a search for objects by Parliamentary constituency (powered by YQL on theyworkforyou and Haversine formula)

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W3G conference: Geodata at the British Museum

  • 1. Geodata use at the British Museum Enhancing archaeological records Daniel Pettdpett@britishmuseum.org
  • 2. Portable Antiquities Scheme 17,900 contributors of data 640,000 objects recorded 400,000 geo-referenced find spots All available under CC NC-BY-SA Driving archaeological knowledge of rural areas Funded by DCMS Employ 56 people Deal with public discovery of archaeology Started in 1997 Costs £1.4mill per annum IT budget c.£5000
  • 3.
  • 4. Dissemination online is swift, cheap, easy
  • 5. There is no other archaeological database of this size
  • 6. It is underused for research at present
  • 7.
  • 8. Most data is sourced from metal-detecting
  • 14. A more normal discovery
  • 15. Objects referencing place:The Staffordshire Moorlands trulla This is a list of four forts located at the western end of Hadrian's Wall; Bowness (MAIS), Drumburgh (COGGABATA), Stanwix (UXELODUNUM) and Castlesteads (CAMMOGLANNA). it incorporates the name of an individual, AELIUS DRACO and a further place-name, RIGOREVALI. http://www.finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/49791
  • 16. Have you noticed a pattern? Big discoveries named after place… Place => sense of identity
  • 17.
  • 18. Is it looted?
  • 19. Did the landowner give permission?
  • 20.
  • 21. All objects we have recorded 1997 – 2010 Topographical features drive discovery Landowners and regulations can prevent discovery Biases present in data collection eg. Staff illness, lack of car etc etc
  • 22. Here be mountains Staff based here
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. Using YQL Reverse geocode for WOEID for each findspot against flickr.places Get flickrshapefile if exists for WOEID Obtain a co-ordinate for findspots where only place is known (lower weight for academic use though). Obtain elevation via the geonamesapi (for viewshed analysis – surprisingly good!) Find objects within bounding boxes Query for archaeology images on flickr
  • 26. Problems Hit rate limit quickly – now using Oauth calls to Yahoo apis Had to filter out places eg Copper Alloy, Tamil Nadu was constantly pulled out with Placemaker Took time to process 400,000 records for geodata
  • 27. Display problems Public users can only see find spots at a resolution of 1km sq or 4 figure NGR Some find spots have to be hidden from public view completely – we give a place a pseudonym Maps make our finders and landowners jumpy Zoom level had to be reduced for public users WOEID can give away find location
  • 28. Enhanced geo data via flickrshapefiles & Yahoo! geoplanet
  • 29. This object only has a known place of discovery So Yahoo! does legwork and produces geodata
  • 30. Integration of old OS Maps Layer provided by National Library of Scotland
  • 31. Water Newton (Cambs) rally Roman town of Durobrivae
  • 32. Re-use of OS and EH point data Both of these datasets came as CSV, now converted from grid refs to Lat/Lng and WOEID (and also elevation for centre point) if anyone wants them.
  • 33. Data export All searches can be turned into KML/JSON/CSV/XML (however point data degraded to 1km square unless higher level user) Can be easily imported into Google maps for instance One example is a search for objects by Parliamentary constituency (powered by YQL on theyworkforyou and Haversine formula)
  • 34. Simple YQL query: select * from twfy.getGeometry where name=‘Stratford-on-Avon’; Powered by theyworkforyouapi
  • 35. <results> <twfy> <max_e>436973.6</max_e> <centre_lat>52.168328098</centre_lat> <area>670735121.325</area> <max_n>274456.4</max_n> <min_lat>51.9553938864</min_lat> <max_lat>52.3680842693</max_lat> <min_n>228616</min_n> <max_lon>-1.46139563588</max_lon> <centre_lon>-1.71287824875</centre_lon> <centre_n>252253.483284</centre_n> <parts>1</parts> <min_e>402695.3</min_e> <centre_e>419756.726723</centre_e> <min_lon>-1.96200666642</min_lon> <name>Stratford-on-Avon</name> </twfy> </results>
  • 36. Objects in David Cameron’s constituency
  • 37. What archaeologists would like: A database of places – ancient & modern? Ancient place names Dates in use Co-ordinates at that time Affiliation (political) Example database – Pleiades, NYU http://pleiades.stoa.org/ Modern place names
  • 38. The end. Visit our website : www.finds.org.uk Contact me: dpett@britishmuseum.orgTwitter: @portableant